7Chirchik State Pedagogical University Current Issues of Modern Philology and Linguodidactics
Staatliche Pädagogische Universität Chirchik Aktuelle Fragen der modernen Philologie und Linguodidaktik
^hirchiq^avlat^edagogika^niversi^
ENGLISH PHRASEOLOGICAL UNITS IN THE RUSSIAN LANGUAGE
Azizaxon Alisher kizi Yuldasheva
Student, Chirchik State Pedagogical University [email protected]
Scientific adviser: Mavluda Abduvaliyevna Komiljonova
Teacher, Chirchik state pedagogical university mavlyudadjurayeva [email protected]
ABSTRACT
This article explores the fascinating domain of linguistic cross-fertilization, with a particular focus on how English phraseological units are adapted into the Russian language. The research investigates the dynamic interaction between these two linguistic systems, elucidating the difficulties and subtleties that arise in the translation process. It commences by presenting the idea of phraseological units and underscores their cultural importance, emphasizing how they contribute to molding the depth and diversity of language.
Keywords: English phraseology, coloristic components, interdisciplinary aspect, cultural adaptation, linguistic exchange, English, Russian, language dynamics.
INTRODUCTION
Every individual attempting to grasp the intricacies of the English language undergoes a spectrum of emotions reflected in both physical and mental aspects. Colors play a profound role in evoking emotions and establishing a spiritual ambiance. Throughout history, somatic expressions in this realm have evolved from the overall cultural and national progress of humanity and, more specifically, the development of the English language. Each culture has shaped its distinct mental association with colors, creating its primary series, often manifested through phraseological units enriched with coloristic components.
The convergence of languages provides an intriguing avenue for cultural interchange, and a particularly fascinating facet of this occurrence is the integration of English phraseological units into the Russian language. This piece delves into the intricacies of linguistic interaction, exploring the journey of these idiomatic expressions as they cross linguistic borders and become embedded in the linguistic fabric of Russian.
Features of phraseological units The primary characteristics of phraseological units include semantic coherence, stability, distinct form, and reproducibility. Phraseological units exhibit semantic coherence, wherein the overall meaning of the expression differs from the sum of its individual elements, resulting from a complete or partial reinterpretation. For instance, the English idiom "to take a leaf from smb's book" signifies "to take an example from someone," and "to go to the
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Chirchik State Pedagogical University Current Issues of Modern Philology and Linguodidactics
Staatliche Pädagogische Universität Chirchik Aktuelle Fragen der modernen Philologie und Linguodidaktik
^hirchiq^avlat^edagogika^niversite^
wall" means "to go broke," not literally "to go to the wall." The integrity of phraseological units relies on their distinct form and idiomatic nature, as they are predominantly formed from words and function as separate linguistic constructs. Idiomaticity, a semantic attribute, underscores that the meaning of the entire linguistic formation is not derived directly from the combined meanings of its constituent parts.
Legal phraseology
Legal phraseology pertains to the specialized and exact language or terminology employed in the legal domain. It includes the collection of terms, expressions, and linguistic conventions specific to legal documents, statutes, contracts, court proceedings, and similar legal situations. The purpose of legal phraseology is to articulate legal concepts accurately and clearly, reducing ambiguity and promoting a uniform interpretation of the law. The utilization of precise legal terminology aids legal professionals in effective communication, guaranteeing that legal documents possess a distinct and unambiguous meaning within the legal system.
Categorizing and Analyzing Phraseological Units
Approaches to comprehension can be categorized into two types: narrow and wide, assuming the inclusion of numerous proverbs and sayings within phraseology. Professor A.I. Smirnitsky classified phraseological units (PUs) as highly idiomatic set expressions that serve as word equivalents, possessing both semantic and grammatical unity. He proposed three classes of stereotyped phrases:
1. Traditional phrases (e.g., nice distinction, rough sketch)
2. Phraseological combinations (e.g., to fall in love, to get up, etc.)
3. Idioms (e.g., to wash one's dirty linen in public)
The second category, phraseological combinations, can be further divided into two subgroups:
1. One-top phraseological units, which were likened to derived words.
2. Verb-adverb PUs, exemplified by expressions like to give up, to bring up, to look
up.
Both English and Russian languages stem from the Indo-European language group, resulting in significant similarities in the construction and meaning of phraseological foundations. This linguistic connection has led to direct influences between the two languages. Certain phraseological units in English and Russian exhibit identical meanings and literal translations. For instance, "there is no smoke without fire" translates to "нет дыма без огня" in Russian, and "don't look a gift horse in the mouth" corresponds to "дарённому коню в зубы не смотрят," highlighting the shared nature of these expressions. Koonin's Semantically-Informed Classification of Phraseological Units and Their Structural Characteristics
Professor Koonin has significantly advanced the classification of phraseological units, employing a combined structural-semantic principle that also takes into account the stability level of these expressions. Semantically, the categorized set expressions fall into three
April 23-24, 2024
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Chirchik State Pedagogical University Current Issues of Modern Philology and Linguodidactics
Staatliche Pädagogische Universität Chirchik Aktuelle Fragen der modernen Philologie und Linguodidaktik
Chirchiq davlat pedagogika universiteti Zamonaviy filologiya va lingvodidaktikaning dolzarb masalalari
distinct groups, referred to as phraseological units or idioms, semi-idioms, and phraseomatic units. Phraseological units are language constructs with structurally separable components, wherein meanings are entirely or partially transferred. Semi-idioms encompass both literal and transferred meanings, with the former often being terminological or professional, while the latter is transferred. On the other hand, phraseomatic units feature meanings that are either literal or bound in a phraseomatic manner.
Examples
Certainly, here are a few English phraseological units and their equivalents in Russian:
1. English: "Break the ice" Russian: "Пробить лед" (Probit' led)
2. English: "The ball is in your court" Russian: "Мяч на твоей стороне" (Myach na tvoey storone)
3. English: "Bite the bullet" Russian: "Проглотить сливу" (Proglotit' slivu)
4. English: "Burn the midnight oil" Russian: "Зажигать свет" (Zazhigat' svet)
5. English: "Hit the nail on the head" Russian: "Попасть в точку" (Popast' v tocku)
6. English: "Jump on the bandwagon" Russian: "Присоединиться к ходу вещей" (Prisoedinit'sya k khodu veshchey)
7. English: "A piece of cake" Russian: "Легкость самолёта" (Legkost' samolyota)
8. English: "Spill the beans" Russian: "Пролить бобы" (Prolit' boby)
9. English: "Cost an arm and a leg" Russian: "Стоить целое состояние" (Stoit' tseloye sostoyanie)
10. English: "Throw in the towel" Russian: "Бросить полотенце" (Brosit' polotentsе)
These examples illustrate the diversity of phraseological units and how they can be translated between English and Russian while maintaining their idiomatic meanings. CONCLUSION
In summary, the interchange of phraseological units between English and Russian underscores the intricate and diverse nature of language expressions. Despite disparities in language and culture, specific idiomatic phrases discover parallel and resonant equivalents in both linguistic realms. This cross-cultural exchange of phraseological units not only underscores the interwoven nature of languages but also mirrors the inherent universality of human expression. As individuals navigate linguistic terrains, they encounter shared idioms that serve as bridges, fostering a more profound comprehension of language and culture. The examination of English phraseological units in the Russian language offers a glimpse into the captivating interplay of expression and translation, underscoring the dynamic character of linguistic connections amid varied language traditions.
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Chirchik State Pedagogical University Staatliche Pädagogische Universität Chirchik Chirchiq davlat pedagogika universiteti
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Current Issues of Modern Philology and Linguodidactics Aktuelle Fragen der modernen Philologie und Linguodidaktik Zamonaviy filologiya va lingvodidaktikaning dolzarb masalalari
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