CC BY
9hUM ^hSb£, PP.
apnuuepanh^UL
<U24Un-b^ CULH-h^nn., SUPOPhLUM b4 4SUL^U4nP SbUUMLbPC
DOI: 10.52174/2579-2989 2022.1-95
C^^wpwnbp. uqbsujfrb qpnuu2p2mpimh, lnuj[ qpnuui2P2nLpjnLh, ifinfriu/uiyiluiuyi-ifuh qpnuui2P2nLpjnLh, ubpnqpn-uui2P2M.pjnLh, iu$>uiqpnuui2P2nL-/ajniti, muutu/uipLinl qpnu^2P2m-/ajniti, uu^upfr qpnu^2P2mRJmt
hhju/bu qfryibhp, qpnuui2P2nLpjnLhp bhpurpml t phuimpjuh lujpfrg rbu/fr dhLi uj[ lujp ujgb[nL-/ajniti' huthquyifr, duluhgfr, pmdluh, ippmpjuh b ujL hu/uiyiuiLihbpnl: Pugfr hwjyihfrhbpftg b Lpw-pu&lu&hbpftg, Luh hub qpnuu2p2mpjuh' unu-2fth hujugffrg ipwpopfrhwLi plugnq, lyiwhqwlnp Lul, u/upquubu, ffrj huhrfrunq ipbuuiLihbp: £nr-ludrn! hbp^ujuglbi t qpnuu2p£mpjuh 30 ipb-uui, frhjfr 2hnphftl, iupdrn! bhf, dbd ju^nl iu-pnq t ipn^lb[ phpbpgnqfr u/usibpugm^ uju n[np-Sft ifuufrh: bnp qqugnqmpjmhhbp rnhbhuim b fthfhusftu ifinptiwnnipjnih uyiwhwinL hulup 2us qpnuu2p£ftihbp iupnq bh ipnpdb[ uju^bq h^u-puqplud uhlsuhq ipbuuiLihbpp' dpudulubui hbnm iRiu[nl Isuhqulnphbpftg:
hh^bu q^rnbhp, qpnuw2p2n1.pjn1.hQ bh-pw^.pni.d t phw^mpjwh ^wjphg T-b^h ^^ wj[ ^wjp wjgb|nLpjnLh' hwhqum^, dwdwhg^, pniddwh, ^ppnLpjwh L wJL h^wmw^hbpn^: Pwg^ hwjmh^hbp^g U mwpw&^w&hbp^g, ^wh hwL qpnuw2p2mpjwh1 wnw-hwjwgp^g mwpop^hw^ p^wgn^, ^swhqw^np ^wd, ^wpqw^bu, hwhTh^n^ mbuw^hbp: <nT4w6ni.d hbp-^wjwg^bL t qpnuw2p2mpjwh 30 mbuw^, ^h^ 2hnp-
h^^, ^wp&nid bhf, ^w^n^ ^wpn^ t Qhpbp-
gn^ ^wrn^bpwgni.^ wju n|npm^ dwu^h: Lnp qqw-gn^mpjmhhbp ni.hbhw|nL L ^hphwrn^ ^npSwnmpjmh umwhw|nL hwdwp 2wm qpnuw2p2h^hbp ^wpn^ bh ^np-5b[ wjumb^ h^wpwqp^w6 wh^swhq rnbuw^hbpQ1 ^w-dwdwhw^ hbnm ^swhqw^nphbp^g:
^wjwhb rafl4^UU3ULL
Shmbuwq^mmpjwh pbl|hwdnL
2010 p. qbpuquhgmpjulp u-lwpyib[ t «^unulu-
pnid» i}wuhwqftsmpjulp: 2014 p. uyiwgb[ t iphsbuwqfrsnLPJwh
pbihwdni.fr qfrsu^uh luuyift-6uh, 2021 p.' qngbhyifr qfrsu-
iuh in^ml:
2016 p.-frg <^IS< «Ulpbpr» hbswqnswLwh lLbhspnhfr u2-
Ivusuifrg t:
2016 p.-frg rwuwlwhrml t « ^U-md, 2019 p.-frg' <^S< iLunulupluh uJpfrnbmJ:
100-frg uilbfr qfrsuiuh hpu-UupuinL^bpfr, ujr plrn! lbg ilhhuqpmpjuh b bpbf niunid-huiuh dbnhupihbpfr hbqfrihui b huluhbofrhui t:
A ORCID - https://orcid.org/0000-IfF 0002-4131-6322
Web of Science ResearcherlD: AAH-5677-2021
Scopus Author ID: 56690085600
o >
o o
<
I
CO
c. c
3
CO
n
<= c"
J" ZD
bpb Ôbq hujpgtibti1 qpnuiu2P2nLl3JUJti fili^ mbuwl|libp q.fimbp, bpLfi pb, l|ul|ubg pi|ujpl|tj[. ujujuiJLuJ2Lul|nLpujjfili, qjnLr|w-l|iull, LUpl|LUÔLUjflll, q.LUUUipnlinii|lUjl|Ujll, L| p ntl lu L| LUtl, pllLUU]LUhU]UjllUjl|Ujll, UUjnp-UllUjflll, Lunnr[2ujpujliujjflll, pd2l|Ujl|Ujll, l|ppwl|wli, qnpôliwl|wli U luj[Ii:
UluLjLujti, iqbrng tli2tiL' nP pwgh hiujinlifi-tibpfig II mwpwôi|wôlibpfig, l|iuli IiluLl qpn-UUJ2П2nLtэJUJïJ, Luriujgfili hwjiuggfig rniupo-p[itiiul| pi|ujgnrL, i|mwliqwi|np l|iud, iqiup-qiuiqbu, gfi^ hLulir).fiujnrL mbuujL|libp, npnli-gfig ii|i giulifiufili t[ iutir|.piur|.iupâtï[ blip wju hnr).i|ujônLJ: ULjull||nunwnwliâtiwgpbL blip qpnuw2p2mpjwh hbmUjwL mbuw^hbpQ, npnhg dwuhh, qrngb, ^bf tL [ub[.
1. ra-Jpw^gngwj^h qpnum2p2mpjmb
(Drug tourism). bhpwrçpnLd t 6whw^wp-hnpTmpjnLh T-b^h wjh ^wjpbp, npmbrç pdpwhjmph oqmwqnpôrn^ wpqbL^wô ^t ^wd t T-W hb2mnpbh Ôbnf pbpb[:
<h^w^wh nLrçrçnLpjnLhhbph bh hwdwp^md U"bfuh^wh, Uwnup, MnLnpwrçnh (U^L), ^bpmh, L^Tb^LW^T^bpp, HLprnq^wjQ, Qb-^hwh':
2. lirçbmwjhh qpnuw2p2mpjnLh (Disaster tourism). Lwjhnpbh hwjmhh t Twp^b[ wjh pwhhg hbmn, bpp Mwmphhw ^npnph^Q hwp^wôbg Lnp O^bwhhh: Sbrçwghhbphg ndwhf, ^n^ W2^wrnb[m ^^wmw^n^, gwh^wgnrçhbph hwdwp u^ubghh w^mn-prnuhbpn^ 2p2wjgbp ^wqdw^bp^b T-b^h wjh ^wjpbp, npnhf Lmp2 i^wuhbp thh ^pb[ ^wd hrnjhhu^ wdpnrç^n^hh n^wgb[ thh wrçbmh ^wm6wnn^:
3. ^wmbpwqdwjhh qpnuw2p2mpjnLh (War tourism). wju Tb^fmd qpnuw2p2h^-
hbpQ gwh^whmd bh LhhbL w^mh^ ^wmb-
pwqdw^wh qnmh^bpmd1 nmdpbph, ^wd-^nL2mhbph U hnhw^hbph ^2w^wjpmd: bppb^ 6whw^wphnpT.nLpjnLhQ Tb^h wjh ^wjpbp t, npmb^ hw^hhmd bh brçb[ ^wmbpwq^bp, bppb^ t[ hbhg w^mh^ qnmhhbp: <h^w^wh nLrç^nLpjnLhhbphg bh Pw^twtD, ^wdwu^nup, 9-wqwh, £w-pm[Q, b^bhQ, Lhphwh U wj|h2:
4. UUnndwjfili qpnuLU2P2nLt3JnL^1 (Atomic tourism). iuniu2wgbL t 1990-wl|iulilibpfi u^qphh, bpp wnwhôhw^h hbmwfpfpm-pjrnh t TpuUnp^bL wmndwjh^ Twpw2p2w-^h ^^wmdwdp: Uju ^^wmw^n^ qnjm-pjniù m^b^ wjgb[mpjw^ hwdw^wmwu-^w^ ^wjpbp: <wjm^h m^^mpjm^^bphg b^ m^pwh^w^w^ QbnhnphLQ, 6w^n^w-^w^ <hpnuhdw^ U Lwqwuw^h^, ^wU ^ 2wpf pw^qwpw^^bp3;
5. Chwâ^hwjhh qpnuw2p2^R|^^ (Shark tourism). hw^phmpnLd b^ uh-pn^ qpnuw2p2h^bpp, npn^f ^npôwnm 2pwumqw^^bph U ^w^Tw^-bbph oq^mpjwdp umq^md bh 2ph hwmw-^Q1 qmm WJT ^b^Tw^h^bph^ mbuhb[m h^wmw^n^4: 2pnuw2p2^pjwh wju mb-uw^h hwdwp hwdw^wmwu^wh ^wjpbp ^wh Mnumw ^h^wjmd, ^hlh^hhhbpmd, t^wT-nprnd, Pwhwdjwh ^^qhhbpmd, Mm-pwjmd, ^bfuh^wjmd, ^h2hmd U wj[mp5:
6. <w^wqpnuw2p2nLRjnLh (Contretour-ism). qpnuw2p2h^Q Tbd t qhmd qpnuw-2p2^pjwh QhT^h^wô dnmbgm^bphh: Lw 6whw^wphnpT^d t hwjmhh m^^m-pjmhhbpn^, pwjg hh^w^wh h^wmw^Q n^ pb mb^h 6whw^^wô mbuwpdwh ^wj-pbpQ mbuhb[h t, wj[ Tpwhg 2p2w^wjfh mum^wuhpb[Q: Sb^ hwuhb[mh ^bu hw TbdfQ 2p2md t hwjmhh mbuwpdwh ^wj-phg U ^n^wpbhQ1 L^uwh^wp^^d Tpw 2p2w^wjfmd: Ophhw^' ^whqhbLn^ tj^bL-jwh w2mwpw^h Thdwg' qpnuw2p2h^h mum^wuhpmd t 2p2w^w ^mpw^hbpQ1
7 Famous Drug Tourism Destinations In The World, https://travel.earth/drug-tourism-and-7-famous-drug-tourism-destinations/ 10 War Tourism Destinations in the World for Your Adventure Tour, https://traveljee.com/world-travel/war-tourism-destinations/ Welcome to Atomic Tourism, https://www.atomictourism.net/
25 Bizarre Types of Tourism You Might Want to Try, https://list25.com/25-bizarre-types-of-tourism-you-might-want-to-try/ Shark Diving: The 13 Best Dive Sites in the World, https://blog.padi.com/2019/08/03/shark-diving-the-10-best-dive-sites-in-the-world/
wnwhg npLt m2wTpmpjmh Twp5hb[m w2mwpw^^h:
7. Ubpnqpnuw2p2nLpjnLh (Aerotourism). gwh^whmd bf ^h^-np mb^ pn^b hhfhw-phnn^, pwjg ^nihbf ^w'd dwdwhw^, ^w'd qrndwp, hbmLwpwp' wbpnqpnuw2p2m-pjmhQ [w^ mwppbpw^ t &bq hwdwp: Ubpnqpnuw2p2h^hbpQ qhnid bh OTwhw-^w^wjwh, pwjg n^ pb hpw^whnid hhf-hwphn humb -ni. L npLt ^wjp ^^hb|nL, wj[ mb^h whgmTwpSh mum^wu^pb[m h^w-mw^n^:
8. ^bpbqdwhwj^h ^wd dnwjL qpnuw-2p2^pjmh (Tombstone or dark tourism). qpn-uw2p2h^hbpQ 6whw^wphnpT^d bh qb-pbqdwhhbp wjgb[b[m h^wmw^n^: hwjmhh ^wjpbp^g bh Prnbhnu Ujpbuh Lw Ibqn-[bmw (La Recoleta) L ^wphqh ^bp Lw2bq (Pere Lachaise) qbpbqdwhwmhbpQ:
9. ^nLfhhh qpnuw2p2^pj^h (Tolkien Tourism). wnw2wgb[ t «Uwmwhhhbph m^-pw^w|Q» qpfh L bp^p^wqnihbph 2hnph^^, bpp ^bp2hhhbpu u^ubghh 6whw-^wphnpT-bL Tb^h wjh ^wjpbp, npmb^ mb-Th thh mhbgb[ hwjmhh umb^6wqnp6m-pjwh hpwTwpSmpjmhhbpQ: <h^w^wh h^wmw^w^bmQLnp 2b|whThwh t, Lqpn-uw2p2^pjwh wju mbuw^Q b^wdrnrn t pbprnd bp^phh: ^n[fhhh qpnuw2p2ni.pjwb ^wjpbp ^wh hwL <wpw^wjhh U^ph^wjfi P|jnLd$nhmbjh fw^wfrnd, npmb^ Sh^b t qpn^ qpn^ fanLfhhQ, hh^bu hwL Uhq-Lhwjh Ofu^npT fw^wfmd, npmb^ hw tw-uw^whT-bL t:
10. ihL^phg hwjmhh ^wjpbpn^ qpn-uw2p2^pj^h (SetJetting Tourism). uw bh-pwTpmd t wjgbLni.pjni.hhbp T-b^h wjh ^wj-pbp, npmb^ h^wpwhwh^bL bh hwjmhh $hL-^p, ophhw^ «<wph ^npbpQ»' LnhTnh, «9-whbph ^w^Q»' ^mppn^h^ L wjLh:
11. Uwh^wmhwjhh qpnuw2p2nLpjni.b (Orphanage tourism). un^npwpwp, hw^-Qhmpmd bh wpLdmjwh ^6whwpmum-hbpQ, npnhf wjgbLmd bh dwh^wmhbp bp-pnpT w2^wphh bp^phbpmd ^wd whw-^whn^ rnwpw6fhbpmd: L^wmw^Q dwh-^wmwhQ hbpTpmd ^wmwpbh t, hu^ bp-
pb^ tl bpb^whbp npTbqpbLQ: Uju mbuw-L|h qpnuw2p2^pjwh hwdwp hwhpw6w-hw^ nLTT.ni.pjni.hhbp bh hwdwp^md <QhT-^wumwhQ, HL^pwhhwh L <wpw^wjhh U^ph^wh6:
12. U^fwm pw^wdwubpn^ qpnuw-2p2nLpjnLh (Slum tourism). qpnuw2p2h^hb-pQ, hbmwfpfpmpjmhhg tpt4w&, wjgb-Lmd bh wqpwrn bp^phbph ^fw^np pw^w-dwubp' mbuhbLm, pb dwpTh^ hh^bu bh w^prnd hdwh ^wjdwhhbpmd: <whpw6w-hw^ nL^nLpjnLhhbphg bh UwhhLwh (&h-Lh^hhhbp), l>hn Tb d"whbjpnh (PpwqhLhw) L ^mdpwjQ (<hT^wumwh):
13. 2bhfh qpnuw2p2^pj^h (Gun tourism). bhpwTpmd t qpnuw2p2wjhh wjgb-Lmpjmhhbp qbhf 5bnf pbpbLnL ^wd, ^wp-qw^bu, ^pw^bLm h^wmw^n^: <w^wjhh L Lwu 4bqwuQ hwjmhh m^^mpjmhhbphg bh: Ophhw^' <w^wjh hwhwhqmd qpnuw-2p2h^hbpQ ^wpn^ bh wjgbLbL hpwSqw-pwhhbp L ^pw^bL mwppbp qhhwmbuw^-hbphg7:
14. ^w^wfw^wh qpnuw2p2n1.pjn1.t1 (Political tourism). ^bpwpbpmd tfw^wfw-^wh h^wmw^hbpn^ hpw^whwg^n^. 6w-hw^wphnpTmpjmhhbphh, hu^ Qhmp^n^ m^^mpjmhhbpQ hw^wdwpmmpjwh qn-mhhbph bh: nL^LnpmpjmhhbpQ
bh hw^wdwpmmpjwh hwhqwdwhfhbph mum^wuhpbLmh, bp^m ^n^^ Thpfnpn-2mdQ hwu^whwLmh L, hhwp^b, ^wmdw-^wh npn2w^h qhsbLhf 5bnf pbpbLnih: ^w^wfw^wh qpnuw2p2^pjwh hwhpw-6whw^ nL^nLpjnLhhbphg bh hupwjbLQ, ^w^bumhhQ L U^ph^wh:
15. Uw^wph qpnuw2p2^pj^h (Safari tourism). bhpwTpmd t 6whw^wphnpTm-pjmh T-b^h ^wjph phmpj^h' ^wjph ^bh-Twhhhbphh hpbhg phw^wh ^2w^wjpmd ThsbLm L Lnwwh^wpbLnL hwdwp: U.^-ph^jwh ^ fwhh bp^phbp hbhg wju m^-^mpjwh 2hnphh^ bh w^whn^md wnw^b-Lwqmjh ^w^n^ b^wdmm: U2^wphmd uhp^w6 uw^wph mTTmpjmhhbph bh mnphw 2p^bdQ, Ubpbhqbmh, Mpmqbp, Swpwhqhpb wqqwjhh ^wp^bpQ, Lqnpnh-
6 15 Types of Tourism You've Never Heard of, https://medium.com/farewellalarms/unusual-and-strange-travel-styles-d2efd696df61
7 10 Unconventional Types of Tourism, https://listverse.com/2018/10/20/10-unconventional-types-of-tourism/
3
о >
о о
<
I
со
с.
с
$
(УЗ и
&
а &
j"
3 и
qnpn ^шп^шрш^р U шл^8:
16. qpnuш2p2m-pjnLb (Suicide tourism). иш 6шbшщшphnp-^mpjm^ t qnp5b[m ^цштш^п^: Hp^b t[ mшpophbш^ р^ш, иш^ш^ Jшpф^ bppb^ bш^QbmpnLJ bb
шц bp^pbbp' ^ЬрЬшицшЬ hшJшp: C4bJgшp^шJmJ bnybhu^ ^ШЬ hш-rnm^ 5шnшjmрJmbbbp, npnbf о^шЬ^ш-^mJ bb ^ЬрЬшицшЬ Lh^bL дш^^шдп^ЬЬ-phb: S^^l ^b^fmJ щЬтр t nLbbbшL шЬ-rnmbbLh gm^bp, mbprndbLh hh^шb^.mрJmb, npnbghg bLbbLn^ tL ш^ 5шnшjmрJmbbbpQ ^mpшJш^.pbb JшhшgnL ^b^bp9:
17. Фn^щшm4шиmJшb qpnиш2P2nL-pjmb (Transplant tourism). bb^^prnJ t 6шbшцшphnp^mрJmb фп^щшт^шит-Jшb Ьцшшш^п^, bpp hh^b^.Q ^^bmJ t шJL bp^hp' npUt opqшb 5bnf pbpbLni. hшJшp: Сит npn2 qbшhшmш^шbbbph, шJpn^2 ш2^шphmJ mju^bu шщшhn4-^mJ t opqшbbbph фn^щшm4шиmJшb 10%-q10: 2019 p^L^bhb ш2^шphmJ 1|ш-mшp4bL t 150000-hg ш4bLh opqшbh фп^-щшт^шит^тД nphg 40621-q' UUL-nLJ": U"h 2шpf bp^pbbprnJ иш шbophbш^шb t hшJшp4^J, ^hmшp^4bLn4 np^bu op-qшbbbph ^шбшпр и рpшфhehbq: <hJ-Ьш^шЬшЛ ш^ршт bp^pbbprnJ Jшp^h^ фпф фJшg ЦшбшпшЛ bb hpbbg op-qшbbbpQ: Opqшbbbph рpшфhfhbqD bb-рш^шЛ t Jшp^шbg hш4шfшqpmJ, mb-^шфп^шД шщшиmшbh mpшJш^pmJ, ицшnbшLhfh, hшp^ш^pшbfh ^J ^шp-
^.Ш^Ш.^ШЬ, ^ШРЬШ^ШЬ, шnUшbqJшb U шд SUbpn^, фn^цшm4шиmJшb ЬЩШ-тш^п^ opqшbbbph hbnшgJшb hшJшp12: Сит hш24шp^bbph, Jnm 12000 шboph-
ЬШ^ШЬ фn^цшm4шиmJшb шp^JmbfmJ ш2^шphmJ mшpb^шb шцшhn44^J t 2mp2 1,5 фLhшp^ UUL ^nLшph Ь^Ш-J^m13: Opqшbbbph hшJш2^шphшJhb uU 2ni.^jni.J шЛbш2шmQ t bph-
^J, ^bh np Jшp^Q ^pn^ t ш^Ь bшU ^^ bph^Jn^, nrnrnh JjnrnQ ЦшбшпшЛ t' npn2ш^h qnLJшph ^hJшg14:
18. Йhhш^ш^шb qpnиш2P2^PJ^b (Jihad tourism). mju^bu bb шpJш-
шш^ШЬ hиLшфиmш^шb ^Jpш4npm^b-ph bbp^^gmgh^bbph 6шbшщшphnp-r|.nL[3jnLbbbpQ r).bujfi npn2 hpl|pbhp, opfi-Ьш!^ 'Tlmlifiumujb, Undiu|ji, UfipfW diuu-
Ьш1|дЬ[ги L|Ujnuji|ujpnLt3jujb r|.hd fipiul|iu-bшg4nп. Jшpmш^шb qnpSn^mpjmbbb-phbi5: Shhшп■ qpnиш2P2h^bbpQ bшU bbp-ршфшbgmJ bb mшppbp Ь^пщш^шЬ bp^pbbp' шhшpb^ш^шb qnpSn^mpjmb-bbp ^шmшpbLm bщшmш^nф
19. ^Ш^ШШЬШ^Ь qpnиш2P2^PJ^b (Casino tourism). иш ^ш^шJnLbbph 6ш-bшцшphnp^mрJmbb t mшppbp bp^pbbp' hшJmbh ^ш^шmbbp шJgbLbLm U ^ш^^т hшJшp: m^^mpjmbbbphg bb
Цши 4bqшиQ, Unbmb ЧшnLnb, Uш^шmb,
63 Types of Tourism in The World, https://colorwhistle.com/types-of-tourism/
'Suicide tourism' and understanding the Swiss model of the right to die, https://theconversation.com/suicide-tourism-and-un-derstanding-the-swiss-model-of-the-right-to-die-96698
Transplant tourism: A 'pervasive' and dangerous 'shadow world of medicine', https://www.healio.com/news/infectious-dis-ease/20190416/transplant-tourism-a-pervasive-and-dangerous-shadow-world-of-medicine
The most organ transplants in the world, https://www.comparethemarket.com.au/health-insurance/most-organ-transplants-in-the-world/
Budiani-Saberi D. A., Delmonico F. L., Organ Trafficking and Transplant Tourism: A Commentary on the Global Realities, American Journal of Transplantation, 2008; 8: 925-929, http://cofs.org/home/wp-content/uploads/2012/06/Budiani_and_Del-monico-AJT_April_20081.pdf
Gonzalez J., Garijo I., Sanchez A., Organ Trafficking and Migration: A Bibliometric Analysis of an Untold Story, Int J Environ Res Public Health. 2020 May; 17(9): 3204, https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7246946/
Granzow, Marni E., "International Black-Market Organ Trade" (2017). Student Publications, https://cupola.gettysburg.edu/cgi/ viewcontent.cgi?article=1660&context=student_scholarship
Джихад-туризм: британские мусульмане сражаются против Башара Асада во время отпуска, https://russian.rt.com/arti-cle/5679
1 о
о.
13
и
Ljrn Sbpufib^:
20. ^mjLrnrnpbLh |mJ «hw|w|» qpnum-2p2mpjmb (Halal tourism). 4bpmpbpni.J t Jmh^Tm^mbbbphb, fmbh np «halal» wpw-pbpbbhg pmpqJmbmpmp b2mbm|ni.J t pnijLmmpbLh' hmJmdmjb huLmJm|mb mu-Jrnbfh: Cum wJTJ' 6mbm^mphnpTnL-pjmb dmJmbm| ^mh^mb4ni.J bb ubbTm-|mpqh, hmqmum^, 4mp4bLm|mpqh h^J-bm|mb |mbnbbbpQ, mjgbpQ |mqJm|bp^-4ni.J bb Tb^h mjb hjmpmbngbbp, nprnb^ ^|mb ^nqh ^u, m[^nhn[mjhb ^^pbbp, J^b^m^bp, Lnn.m^mqmbbbp, bnLjbhu| [n-^m^bpQ m^mJmp^^mbg U |mbmbg hm-Jmp mnmbdbmg4m& bb U mj|b: <h^m|mb nLTTnLpjnLbbbpb bb U"w|wjqhwb, Upmpm-|mb U~hmgjmL t^pnLpjnLbbbpQ, hb^nbb-qhmb, ^mpfhmb17:
21. Wbb^mpbpmpjmb qpnum2p2nLpjni.b (Birth tourism). bbpmTpni.J t 6mbm^mp-hnpTnLpjnLb Tb^h mjL bp^hp' Sbb^m-pbpb[m, hb^^bu bmU bnpm&bh hmJmp m^jm[ bp|ph fm^mfmghmpjmb m^mhn-
b^mmm|n4: <h^m|mb ninni.-pjnLbbbphg bb UU^-q, MmbmTmb, ^bpuh-|mb, Upqbbmhbmb, PpmqhLhmb U mjLb'8:
22. U.|$,wqpnuw2p2nLpjnLb (Alphatourism). qpnum2p2h^b mjgb[mpjmb bp|pni.J fmp-mbqh 4pm qrnbmJ t mjppbbm|mb |mpqn4 mnm2hb U 4bp2hb ^n^ngbbpQ, Tpmbg ^2U rnqM qh& t fm2ni.J |mJ gmb|mgmS mjL ^mm|bp, m^m fmj[mJ WJT 4mjpbph ^2U q&4m& 6mbm^mphn4'9:
23. ^n^n^m^mb qpnum2p2nLpjni.b (Alternating Travel). qpnum2p2hlQ TnLpu t qmLhu hjmpmbngh T^bhg, pbf4nLJ Tb^h m2, hm2npT ^m^^pm^mJ' Tb^h mjbmhbmU' |p|hb m2, U mju^bu 2mpm-bm|, ^b^U np ^wpn^mbw 2mpmbm^b[ 6mbm^mphQ npUt ^n^QbTnmh ^mm6m-nn^20:
24. Mnijp qpnuw2p2nLpjni.b (Blindfolded tourism). qpnum2p2h^Q 6mJ^npTni.J t
m^fbpn^' m^b^gnpTh oqbnLpjmJp,
np^buqh |mpUnp ^bbum^mb qqmjmpmbh' mbunT.ni.pjmb pmgm|mjnLpjmb ^mjJmb-bbpmJ |mpnT.mbm ^pmbbL Jjmu qqmjm-pmbbbph (Lun^mpjmb, qqmgmJ, hnm) m2-^mmmbfQ' Tpmbg hhJmb 4pm m^m^n-pmpjmbbbp ummbmLn4 Tburnhbmghmjhg: Uju mnni.Jn4, qnjmpjmb mbh bmU «Jni.p nbusnpmb» hmjbgm|mpqQ, bpp nbusn-pmbmJ Lmum4npmpjmb U mjgbLrnbb-pQ ^bb mbubmJ, pb hb bb mmmJ: «Mnijp» qpnum2p2n1.pjn1.bQ, np^bu mjT^huhb, m-nm2mgbL t 1970 p.-hb, bpp qpnum2p2h|-bbphb mnm2mp^4^J tp m^pbpn4 qqmL LnbTnbh pnypQ: LJmb bppm^hbbp mjuop Uu wnw2wp^4nLJ bb m2^mphh mmppbp 4mjpbpmJ, nphg hbmn qpnum-2p2hMhb t rnp4ni.J hp «|nLjp mmph» sb-um5mjbmqpmpjmbQ2':
25. ^pb2m^hg ^b^U mp2mLmju Qb-
dmJmbm^mhmrn4m&h qpnum2p2^-
pjmb (Nyctalotourism). qpnuw2p2h^bbpb mjgbLmJ bb hh^m^mb Tbushbmghmbb-pq' Jpb2m^hg ^b^U L^umpmg Qb^m6 dm-Jmbm^mhmm4m6mJ:
26. Umqhsmqpnum2p2^pj^b (Sagitta-tourism). qpnuw2p2h^Q bbs t qgmJ fmp-sbqh 4pm' mjT^bu npn2bLn4 mjb Tbu-shbmghmb, nprnb^ ^bmf t mjgbLh22:
27. SmjLnqpnum2p2^pj^b (Jailoo tourism). 2p2wqwjm.pjn1.bbbp bb ^mqJm-L|bp^4nLJ Tb^h Td4mpmJmm^bLh, fm^m-pujl|ppnLpjnLbfig hbnm pbujL|bg4uj6 4^"
-i d,
!&£9*9 ' o trti^ t., . ... r
tf i , 4.
4 -ii-^ K i «J?1
w-i.-r j/.y^ ~ i- '
-^TTf - V -i
* " " Z j ■
'6 Travel Blog, https://www.mappingmegan.com/worlds-top-gambling-cities/
'7 How Halal Tourism is Reshaping the Global Tourism Industry, https://hospitalityinsights.ehl.edu/halal-tourism-global-industry
'8 63 Types of Tourism in The World, https://colorwhistle.eom/types-of-tourism/#tour-nine
'9 15 Types of Tourism You've Never Heard of, https://farewellalarms.com/unusual-and-strange-travel-styles-d2efd696df61
20 Experimental travel, https://zims-en.kiwix.campusafrica.gos.orange.com/wikipedia_en_all_nopic/A/Experimental_travel
2' Blindfolded tourism, https://alchetron.com/Blindfolded-tourism
22 Experimental Travel - The what's, why's and how's, https://www.holidify.com/pages/experimental-travel-1809.html
3
о >
о о
<
I
со
с.
с
$
(УЗ и
&
а &
j"
3 и
pbp, npmbr[ piugiul|iujni.d tili t|hl|inpujl|uj-bnLpjnibb nL p22wjfib 1|шищ: UjuuiliuniL' ршг]ифшрЬш1|ЬЬрр hbiupu^npnLpjnib bli nibbbrud iuu|pb|ru ii}i2bujr|.ujpjujb l|iud iui|h|ji u]iupqnibujl| iqiujdiubbhpnLd: Йрп-uiu2P2nLpjiub iuju inhuiul|p ипшршбфиб t U$pfil|iujni.d, Udiuqnbfi 2nLtiq.[|nljbpnnJ, ULuhLUJh Lbnlibpnui U тшфшшлшЬЬЬршД <jnLufiuujjfili Uiibpfil|ujjfi iulimiunlihpni.d23:
28. Пшши]шр1|ги| qpnum2P2nL|3jriLli (Backpacker tourism). 6iuihJinprib|nL luifh-liiutdiuli ÖLhpfig t, bpp qpnuiu2p2hl-|khpp rnb^g mb^ bb ^^brnd ш^шпрпшЬЬрпф qbшg£bbpn4 ^d р]т2Ьтш]^Ь шфшр^ ^bpnLpjnLbbbp^ ^2ngn^' sndübpp qbb|n^ Ьш^шцЬи U qb^n^, Ьши q^2b-pmJ bb Ьр^тшишр^ш^шЬ hnüpbihbpnLd ^d фшbbbpnLd: Ldшb 6шdфnp^.nLpJnLb-bbpp h^^ш^шbnLd bb ^dpbpn^ ^^übpp ^üb|nL Ьщштш^пф HLüm^mp^bpmJ mb^ bb qrnbmd бшdфnp-^.b|nLb шbhpшdb2m ^pbp, ш^ p^md1 qh2b-
pb|nL hшJшp hшpJшp фшbbbp, üb^birn
qnpöрbpшgр ^шqdш^bpщ4nLd t n^ pb nbü-mnpшbbbpmJ, шд фn^ngbbpmJ, ^ШЬШ.Р-bbp^g ^d übb^ mш^ш4шpbbp^g qbb-hшJшщшmшü^шb t^b mrnb[hßbbp ^d hbbg ^pbbf bb щшmpшиmnLd hpbbg ^bpш^mpp: бшJфnp^.mpJшb рbpшggnLd mgb|ni.d bb ^ш^ш^ш^Ь шJq^bbp, b^b^b-g^bbp, ^и^ pшbqшpшbbbp qbrnd bb ш^ opbp^b, bpp drnrngb шqшm t24:
29. <nqUnp qpnum2p2^pj^b (Spiritual tourism). иш ^dшümb m Ь2ШЬШ-^mpjmbp щшpqb|nLb фт^шб 6шJфnp^m-pjrnb t, np^ рbpшggnLd ^bpb|p bb ш^шЛ Jшp^.m dmш4np U qqшJш^шb tbbpq^bbpp, qшpqшbmJ, щшhщшb4nLd U pшpb|ш44nLtf bb bpш dшpфbр, ^mfb m hnq^b25: <nqUnp qpnüШ2P2nLpJшb ЬЩШ-тш^р n^ Ш^ШЬ ^шфбш^р, np^b ^bfb ^pbb ФП^Ь[Ь t: иш 6qbш4np 6ШЬШ-цшphnp^mpJmb t bpшbg hшJшp, n^ßbp gшb^шbmJ bb qrnbb[ bbpg^b bbp^.ш2bш-
InLpjnLb U ^pqh pbpbL Jmfbpp: LJmb qpnum2p2h^bbpp ^lbni.J bb ^^d iLhJrn-jn^ bplpbbp, un^npmpmp' ^^шитш^ Фш^шЬт ^mJ hb^.nbbqhш, Jpbn-
LnpmmJ jnqujn^ U hnqUnp qupqugJub ^pdnLpinLbbbpn^ qpu^^bL^ hrnJrnp26:
30. Shbqbpш^шb qpnиш2P2^PJ^b (Space tourism). hrnJup^mJ t 6шbшцшp-hnp^mpjub ш^ьш^шь^ rnbuu^p, fubh np bbpu^pmJ t m^Unpmpjmb ^b^h shb-qbpf, bpl|ph m^b&hp ^rnJ Uh2rnqqujhb mhbqbpш^шJшb, q4шp6шbfh l^J qhsu-hbmшqnmшlшb b^urnulbbpn^: U.2^mphh unu2hb rnhbqbpulub qpnuu2p2hlD b^b[ t ш^phlшgh qnpSupup ^bbhu Shsnb' 2001 р., n^ 20 ^Lhnb UUL ^nLup t 46upb[ nmuulub Союз ТМ-32 mhbqbprnbrn^n^ p^h^fh U 7 op Uh2rnqqrnjhb rnhbqbpulub lujubmJ rnbglrngbbLni. huJup: Shbqbpu-1шЬ qpnuu2p2^pjrnb qbbpp rnuppbp bb: Ophbul' Virgin Galactic-h SpaceShipTwo-n^ 2,5 dшJ mUn^mpJшJp bbprnnLqh&prnjhb p^h^fh snJubpp ^rn^mg шp^.bb ^шбшп^шб bb ' 2-3 mшp4ш hrnJrnp, hul p^h^fb шpdb 250000 UUL ^.nLrnp: Space Adventures-b шnш2шplmJ t p^h^f L^ubh 2mp2, mJg T-b-^h US4, bLf pшg shbqbpf, p^h^f hшmml Boeing 727-200-n^, G-FORCE ONE™-n^: 7-14-opJш mmpp US4-mJ rnpdb 20-40 JLb UUL тnLшP' hul iprngrnghi 3-5
JLb UUL Tnirnp' lшpbLh t bшU t^PU qшL pшg rnhbqbpf2?:
23 Top 6 weird types of tourism you might want to try, https://www.mylittleadventure.com/blog/top-6-weird-types-of-tourism-you-might-want-to-try
34 63 Backpacking Tips: Epic travel advice for Broke Backpackers, https://www.thebrokebackpacker.com/travel-tips/
25 Spiritual Tourism: Tourists First, Tour Operators Second, And Destinations Third, https://worldfinancialreview.com/spiritu-
al-tourism-tourists-first-tour-operators-second-and-destinations-third/
27 O-ni^duiujuib 9-., Sfibqbpwl^uib qpnuw2P2nL|3jnLb. bpp bpmqmbfbbpp ^mnbmd bb f)pw^wbnL|3jnLb, https://asue.am/am-
berd/publications/-space"tourism-when-dreams-come-true
Uju^un^ qpnuш2P2nLpjnLhp pшqdш-тЬиш^ t L ^шрп^ t hnp фпрЙшптр|тЬ L qqшgnтnLpjnLhhЬp щшpqLЬL qpnuш2p2h^-hbp^h, пшт^, шр^шб^Ьр^ u^pшhшphЬpp,
npnhf hnqhb[ bh фшщш^шт nL mmpbp^g, ^pn^ bh фnpЙшp^ЬL hnp шпш-2шp^hЬpp, ^hшp^Ь, ^пшшфЬщ^ qш4np L фи^ш^ m^Lnpmpjmhhbp^g:
o^su^nnu^uG ^пичиъпьшпьъ
1. га-пф]ши|шЪ S|ibqbpiiil|iiib qpnuui2p2nL-pjinh. bpp bpixiquibgbbpQ qwnhnLiJ bh |ipiii-l|ixibnLpjnLh,
https://asue.am/amberd/publications/-space-tour-ism-when-dreams-come-true
2. Джихад-туризм: британские мусульмане сражаются против Башара Асада во время отпуска,
https://russian.rt.com/article/5679
3. Blindfolded tourism, https://alchetron.com/Blindfolded-tourism
4. Budiani-Saberi D. A., Delmonico F. L., Organ Trafficking and Transplant Tourism: A Commentary on the Global Realities, American Journal of Transplantation, 2008; 8: 925929,
http://cofs.org/home/wp-content/uploads/2012/06/ Budiani_and_Delmonico-AJT_April_20081.pdf
5. Experimental travel, https://zims-en.kiwix.campusafrica.gos.orange. com/wikipedia_en_all_nopic/A/Experimental_travel
6. Experimental Travel - The what's, why's and how's,
https://www.holidify.com/pages/experimental-trav-el-1809.html
7. Gonzalez J., Garijo I., Sanchez A. Organ Trafficking and Migration: A Bibliometric Analysis of an Untold Story, Int J Environ Res Public Health. 2020 May; 17(9): 3204, https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/ PMC7246946/
8. Granzow M. E., "International Black-Market Organ Trade" (2017). Student Publications, https://cupola.gettysburg.edu/cgi/viewcontent. cgi?article=1660&context=student_scholarship
9. How Halal Tourism is Reshaping the Global Tourism Industry,
https://hospitalityinsights.ehl.edu/halal-tour-ism-global-industry
10. Shark Diving: The 13 Best Dive Sites in the World,
https://blog.padi.com/2019/08/03/shark-diving-the-10-best-dive-sites-in-the-world/
11. Spiritual Tourism: Tourists First, Tour Operators Second, And Destinations Third, https://worldfinancialreview.com/spiritual-tour-ism-tourists-first-tour-operators-second-and-desti-nations-third/
12. 'Suicide tourism' and understanding the Swiss model of the right to die, https://theconversation.com/suicide-tourism-and-understanding-the-swiss-model-of-the-right-to-die-96698
13. The most organ transplants in the world, https://www.comparethemarket.com.au/health-in-surance/most-organ-transplants-in-the-world/
14. Transplant tourism: A 'pervasive' and dangerous 'shadow world of medicine' https://www.healio.com/news/infectious-dis-ease/20190416/transplant-tourism-a-perva-sive-and-dangerous-shadow-world-of-medicine
15. Travel Blog, https://www.mappingmegan.com/worlds-top-gam-bling-cities/
16. Top 6 weird types of tourism you might want to try, https://www.mylittleadventure.com/blog/ top-6-weird-types-of-tourism-you-might-want-to-try
17. Welcome to Atomic Tourism, https://www.atomictourism.net/
18. 25 Bizarre Types Of Tourism You Might Want To Try,
https://list25.com/25-bizarre-types-of-tourism-you-might-want-to-try/
19. 63 Backpacking Tips: Epic travel advice for Broke Backpackers,
https://www.thebrokebackpacker.com/travel-tips/
20. 7 Famous Drug Tourism Destinations in the World,
https://travel.earth/drug-tourism-and-7-famous-drug-tourism-destinations/
21. 15 Types of Tourism You've Never Heard of, https://medium.com/farewellalarms/unusual-and-strange-travel-styles-d2efd696df61
22. 63 Types of Tourism in The World, https://colorwhistle.com/types-of-tourism/
23. 10 Unconventional Types Of Tourism, https://listverse.com/2018/10/20/10-unconvention-al-types-of-tourism/
24. 12 unusual types of tourism, https://farmguests.com/diary/12-unusu-al-types-of-tourism/
25. 10 War Tourism Destinations in the World for Your Adventure Tour,
https://traveljee.com/world-travel/war-tourism-des-tinations/
Гаяне ТОВМАСЯН
^ Старший исследователь исследовательского центра «Амберд», АГЭУ,
¡Е кандидат экономических наук
5 А ВЫ ЗНАЕТЕ, ЧТО...?
РЕДКИЕ, СТРАННЫЕ И ОПАСНЫЕ ВИДЫ ТУРИЗМА
Как известно, туризм подразумевает переезд с места жительства в другое место для отдыха, развлечений, лечения, учебы и других целей. Помимо общеизвестных и популярных видов туриз-
о
I—
т
с. с
с с"
J" ZD £.
ма, существует ряд видов, которые на первый взгляд могут показаться странными, опасными или просто редкими. В этой статье представлено 30 таких видов, которые могут сильно изменить представление читателя о туризме. Чтобы получить новые ощущения и впечатления, многие туристы могут попробовать представленные здесь безопасные виды, при этом оставаясь в стороне
от опасных видов туризма.
Ключевые слова: туризм стихийных бедствий, темный туризм, трансплантационный туризм, аэротуризм, альфатуризм, бэкпекинг туризм, сафари туризм
of Gayane TOVMASYAN
oo Senior Researcher at «Amberd» Research Center, ASUE,
& PhD in Economics
DO YOU KNOW THAT...?
RARE, STRANGE AND DANGEROUS TYPES OF TOURISM
As we know, tourism implies visiting a place other than the place of one's residence for leisure, entertainment, treatment, education and other purposes. In addition to the well-known and popular types of tourism, there is a number of types that, at first glance, may seem strange, dangerous, or just rare. In this paper, 30 types of tourism that can greatly change the reader's perception of tourism are presented. To get new sensations and experiences, many tourists may try the safe types presented here, at the same time staying away from dangerous types of tourism.
Keywords: disaster tourism, dark tourism, transplant tourism, aerotourism, alphatourism,
backpacker tourism, safari tourism
IQ2
