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PEDAGOGY
УДК 372.881.1
Original Paper Оригинальная статья
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Поступила в редакцию: Received: November 30, juJ^jjf* ^J ^ИлУ/
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Одобрена рецензентами: Reviewed: December 10, it, i „ ,,¿'-,7/ „г
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Принята к публикации: Accepted: December 13,
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INTELLECTUAL PROPERTY IN THE ONLINE AND DISTANCE LEARNING ENVIRONMENTS AT SAUDI UNIVERSITIES
Prof. Reima Al-Jarf
Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
ORCID ID: 0000-0002-6255-1305
reima.al.jarf@gmail.com
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Abstract
Many instructors use online material and resources in teaching and learning. Some copy and paste whatever they like such as learning materials, Powerpoint presentations, research papers, ebooks, video clips, and images without prior permission from the owner, and without documentation. Although the Internet has contributed to the flow of information and electronic material, this has not been associated with inadequate protection of owners ' copyright. Some Arab universities are very slow in setting standards and measures for protecting copyright of digital resources. Some available copyright policies are often very vague. For those reasons, the current study aims to answer the following questions: (i) Are university instructors and students aware of the intellectual property of electronic resources? (ii) How do they view copyright violations? (iii) What misconceptions do they have about intellectual property? Results of the survey with a sample of instructors and students showed lack of awareness of copyright laws. There is also a need for protecting the copyrights of electronic resources and for setting clear-cut copyright policies by Saudi universities. Many Arab instructors and students have misconceptions about copying and pasting information without documentation and without taking permission from the owner. Some copyright violators refuse to delete what they have plagiarized. Some instructors whose copyrights have been infringed do not know where to complain. Their employers do not care about restoring their copyright, and do not punish copyright violators. The study reports the findings in detail and gives some recommendations for protecting copyright at Saudi universities.
Keywords: intellectual property, author copyright, publishing copyrights, electronic publishing, elearning, distance learning, plagiarism, Saudi universities, WIPO.
For citation: Al-Jarf R.S. (2021). Intellectual property in the online and distance learning environments at Saudi universities. Eurasian Arabic Studies, 16, 68-94. (In Arabic)
ИНТЕЛЛЕКТУАЛЬНАЯ СОБСТВЕННОСТЬ В ОНЛАЙН И ДИСТАНЦИОННОМ ОБУЧЕНИИ В УНИВЕРСИТЕТАХ САУДОВСКОЙ
АРАВИИ
Алъ-Джарф Р.С.
Рияд, Саудовская Аравия ORCID ID: 0000-0002-6255-1305
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Аннотация
Многие преподаватели используют онлайн-материалы и ресурсы в преподавании и обучении. В некоторых случаях автоматически копируются и вставляются, например, учебные материалы, презентации Powerpoint, исследовательские работы, электронные книги, видеоклипы и изображения без предварительного разрешения владельца и без документации. Хотя Интернет способствовал потоку информации и электронных материалов, это не было связано с недостаточной защитой авторских прав владельцев. Некоторые арабские университеты очень медленно устанавливают стандарты и меры по защите авторских прав на цифровые ресурсы. Некоторые доступные правила в области авторского права часто очень расплывчаты. По этим причинам настоящее исследование направлено на то, чтобы ответить на следующие вопросы: ф Осведомлены ли преподаватели и студенты университетов об интеллектуальной собственности электронных ресурсов? (и) Как они относятся к нарушениям авторских прав? (Ш) Какие у них неправильные представления об интеллектуальной собственности? Результаты опроса с выборкой преподавателей и студентов показали недостаточную осведомленность о законах об авторском праве. Существует также необходимость в защите авторских прав на электронные ресурсы и в разработке университетами Саудовской Аравии четкой политики в области авторского права. Многие арабские преподаватели и студенты имеют неправильные представления о копировании и вставке информации без документации и без разрешения владельца. Некоторые нарушители авторских прав отказываются удалять то, что они заимствовали. Некоторые преподаватели, чьи авторские права были нарушены, не знают, куда обратиться с жалобой. Их работодатели не заботятся о восстановлении их авторских прав и не наказывают нарушителей авторских прав. В исследовании подробно излагаются результаты и даются некоторые рекомендации по защите авторских прав в университетах Саудовской Аравии. Ключевые слова: интеллектуальная собственность, авторское право, право на публикацию, электронная публикация, онлайн обучение, дистанционное обучение, плагиат, университеты Саудовской Аравии, ВОИС.
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Для цитирования: Алъ-Джарф Р.С. Интеллектуальная собтвенностъ в онлайн и дистанционном обучении в университетах Саудовской Аравии // Арабистика Евразии. 2021. №16. С. 68-94. (на арабском языке)
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BIBLIOGRAPHIC REFERENCES
1. Al-Jarf, R. (2019). Challenges faced by peer-reviewers for local and international academic institutions. Eurasian Arabic Studies, 6, 54-77. Retrieved from https://cyberleninka.ru/article/n7challenges-faced-by-peer-reviewers-for-local-and-international-academic-institutions
2. Al-Jarf, R. (2017). A model for integrating electronic resources in university courses. King FahadLibrary Journal, 23(1), March, 89-122. https://kfnl.gov.sa/Ar/mediacenter/EMagazine/DocLib/23_1/89_122.pdf http://search. shamaa. org/FullRecord?ID=245475
3. Al-Jarf, R. (2008). Issues in KSU faculty publication archiving and access. Lex et Scientia International Journal, 15(2), 89-112. http://lexetscientia.univnt.ro/download/206 lesij es XV 2 2008 art 7.pdf
4. Al-Jarf, R. (2008). MA and Ph.D. thesis evaluation problems and proposed solutions. Symposium on Peer-reviewing. Imam Mohammad Bin Saud University. Riyadh, SA. Nov 19-20, 2013. https: //www.researchgate.net/publication/355484478
5. Al-Jarf, R. (2008). Thesis evaluation challenges in Saudi Arabia as perceived by graduate students, advisors, and examiners. Conference on Peer Reviewing. Imam Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia. Accessed from https://www.researchgate.net/publication/356430518
6. Al-Jarf, R. (2008). eLearning and distance learning education at Arab universities. 5th ISCAL Conference Titled Horizons of Scientific Research and Technological Development. King Abdul-Aziz City for Science and Technology. October 26-30, 2008. Fez, Morocco. Accessed from https://www.researchgate.net/profile/Reima-Al-Jarf/publication/355557006
7. DiRamio, D. & Kops, G. (2004). Distance education and digital intellectual property issues. Planning for Higher Education, 32(3), 37-46.
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8. Starkey, L., Corbett, S., Bondy, A. & Davidson, S. (2010). Intellectual Property: What Do Teachers and Students Know? International Journal of Technology and Design Education, 20(3), 333-344.
9. Al-Jarf, R. (2013). Intellectual property and elearning at Saudi universities: Problems and solutions. 9th eLearning and Software for Education Conference (eLSE). Bucharest, Romania. Volume 2, 243-249. DOI: 10.12753/2066-026X-13-147.
10. Lape, L. (1992). Ownership of copyrightable works of university professors: The interplay between the copyright act and university copyright policies. Villanova Law Review, 37, 223 - 269.
11. Packard, A. (2001). Copyright or copy wrong: An analysis of university claims to faculty work. Communication and Law Policy, 7, 275-316.
12. Kromrey, J. (2005). Intellectual property and online courses: policies at major research universities. Paper presented at the National Educational Computing Conference, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, June, 27-30.
13. Kelley, K., Bonner, K., McMichael, J. & Pomea, N. (2002). Intellectual property, ownership, and digital course materials: A study of intellectual property policies at two- and four-year colleges and universities. Portal: Libraries and the Academy, 2(2), 255-66.
14. Loggie, K., Barron, A., Gulitz, E., Hohlfeld, T., Kromrey, J. & Sweeney, P. (2007). Intellectual property and online courses: Policies at major research universities. Quarterly Review of Distance Education, 8(2), 109-125.
15. Hawkridge, D., Armellini, A., Nikoi, S., Rowlett, T. & Witthaus, G. (2010). Curriculum, intellectual property rights and open educational resources in British universities--and beyond. Journal of Computing in Higher Education, 22(3), 162-176.
16. Al-Jarf, R. (2017). A comparison of the Egyptian library consortium and OhioLink. Joint International Conference on Information and Communication Technologies for Education and Training and International Conference on Computing (ICCA-TICET). August 1-3, 2017. 1-18. Piscataway, NJ: IEEE. DOI: 10.1109/ICCA-TICET.2017.8095298.
17. Al-Jarf, R. (2013). Arabic electronic databases in education and psychology: current status and future perspectives. Shamaa Conference on M.A. & Ph.D. Studies at Arab Universities: Quality and Added Value. Lebanese American University, Beirut, Lebanon. Retrieved from https://www.researchgate.net/publication/354403672
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Eurasian Arabic Studies, № 16, December 2021
Информация об авторе
Ph. D., профессор Рейма Саадо Алъ-Джарф Университет Короля Сауда
Эр-Рияд, Королевство Саудовская Аравия reima. al.jarf@gmail. com ORCID ID: 0000-00026255-1305
Scopus Author ID: 14119546100
Web of Science ID AAL-3778-2021
Information about the author
Ph. D., Professor Reima Saado Al-Jarf King Saud University Riyadh, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia reima.al.jarf@gmail. com ORCID ID: 0000-00026255-1305
Scopus Author ID:
14119546100
Web of Science ID AAL-
3778-2021
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reima.al.jarf@gmail. com ORCID ID: 0000-00026255-1305
Scopus Author ID:
14119546100
Web of Science ID AAL-
3778-2021
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Conflicts of Interest Disclosure: The author declares Conflicts of Interest Disclosure.
Раскрытие информации о конфликте интересов: Автор заявляет об отсутствии конфликта интересов.
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