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19ЕР УЧАСТКАСИГА МУЛК ХУЦУЦИНИ ЖОРИЙ ЭТИШ МУАММОЛАРИ
ВА УЛАРНИ ХАЛ ЭТИШ ЙУЛЛАРИ
АбдуFани Мукумов
Тошкент ирригация ва кишлок хужалигини механизациялаш мухандислари
институти катта укитувчиси abduganimuratov59@gmail .com
АННОТАЦИЯ
Маколада ер участкаларини хусусийлаштириш ишларининг кулами ошганлиги боис амалдаги конун хужжатларига тегишли узгартириш ва кушимчалар киритиш билан бирга, ер участкаларини хусусийлаштиришнинг назарий масалалари устида чукуррок илмий мушохадалар юритиш зарурати тугрисида суз юритилади.
Калит сузлар: ер хукуки, фукоролик хукуки, ер фонди, ер участкаси, хусусийлаштириш,ер муносабатлари.
PROBLEMS OF THE INTRODUCTION OF PROPERTY RIGHTS TO THE LAND PLOT AND WAYS OF THEIR SOLUTION
Abdugani Mukumov
Senior Lecturer of Tashkent Institute of Irrigation and Agricultural Mechanization
Engineers abduganimuratov59@gmail .com
ABSTRACT
The article discusses the need for more in-depth scientific observations on the theoretical issues of land privatization, along with the introduction of relevant amendments and additions to existing legislation due to the increasing scale of privatization of land.
Keywords: Land law, Civil law, land fund, land plot, privatization, land relations.
КИРИШ
Узбекистон Республикасининг амалдаги ер конунчилик хужжатларига асосан умуммиллий бойлик хисобланадиган табиий ресурслар ичида ер узига хос макомга эга [1]. Мамлакатимиз ахолисининг асосий кисми кишлок жойларда истикомат килганлиги, шунингдек, мустакиллик йилларида кишлок хужалик сохасини ислох килишга алохида эътибор каратилаётганлиги боис купчилик олимлар ернинг хукукий холати хакида суз борганда, асосан кишлок хужалигига
Myn^annaHraH epnap SunaH SoFnuK xyKyKufi Macananapra TyxTanumagu [2]. Acnuga эca, ep KumnoK xy^anuruga umnaS HuKapum BocuTacu Synum SunaH Supra hhcohhat ynyH ^yga MyxuM aHa Sup Ba3u$aHu Sa^apagu, atHu y $yK;aponapHuHr amamn ynyH ®:ofi, ropuguK maxcnapHuHr xygygufi ^ofinamyBu ynyH acoc SynuS xu3MaT Kunagu [3]. ffly caSaSnu epgaH xap KaHgafi mapouTga Ba gaBpga oKunoHa, caMapanu Ba TyFpu ^ofiganaHumHu TamKun этнm xanKHuHr ^apoBoHnurura, TypMym gapa^acuHuHr ycumura xH3MaT Kunagu. AfiHHKca xo3upru mapouTga epgaH ^ofiganaHum SunaH öofhhk xyKyKufi MyHOcaöaTnapHH MyHTa3aM paBumga TaKoMunnamTupum xaMga coxagaru xyKyKHÖ Sa3aHu aHrunaS Sopum, puBo^narnupum gaBp TanaSura afinaHgu [4-6].
YCy^^AP
PecnySnuKaMu3 MycTaKunnuK fiunnapuga 6o3op MyHocaSaraapura ny^yppoK KupuS SopraHu capu Sup BaKTnap gaBnarauHr MyraoK MoHonon xyKyKu ocTHga SynraH oSteKTnap $yK;aponuK MyoManacura acTa-ceKHH KupuTuna SomnaHgu [7]. MaMnaKaTHMH3ga ep-xyKyKufi ucnoxoTnap SocKuHMa-SocKuH aManra omupuna SomnaHuS, SyryHru KyHga "ep yHacTKanapura MynK xyKyKuHu Sepum" Macanacu KynHunuKHuHr guKKaT MapKa3uga, acocufi эtтнSopнga TypuSgu [8]. Acnuga Tapuxra Mypo^aT KunuHca, 6y Macanaga SupMyHHa aBBanpoK cy3 ropmuna SomnaHraHnuruHu Kypum MyMKuH [9]. ^yHoHH^YsSeKucTOH pecnySnuKacuHuHr SupuHHu npe3ugeHTu H.KapuMoB TOMoHugaH 2006 fiun 24 uronga KaSyn KunuHraH 'TOpuguK maxcnap Ba ^y^aponapHuHr SuHonapu xaMga uHmooTnapu SunaH SaHg SynraH ep ynacTKanapuHu xycycufinamTupum TyFpucuga" OapMoH MaMnaKaraMu3 ropнcпpygeнцнacнгa coxagaru MyxuM ycTuBop fiyHanumnapHu SenrunaS SepraH xonga anoxuga MatcynuaT roKnaraH эgн. ^yHKu энgнnнкga ep ynacTKanapuHu xycycufinamTupum umnapuHuHr KynaMu omraHnuru Souc aMangaru KoHyH xy^^araapura Terumnu y3rapTupum Ba KymuMHanap KupuTum SunaH Supra, MaB3yHuHr Ha3apufi Macananapu ycTuga Hy^yppoK unMufi Mymoxaganap roprnum 3apypaTu TyFuna Somnagu [10-12].
HATH^AtfAP
Ep KogeKcuHuHr 18-Moggacuga Ha^a^aT Y3SeKucTOH PecnySnuKacu ropuguK Ba ^ucMoHufi maxcnapu, SanKu xan^apo TamKunoTnap, xopu^ufi MaMnaKaraap BaKonaTxoHanapu, HeT gaBnaTnap ropuguK Ba ^ucMoHufi maxcnapuHuHr ep ynacTKanapura SynraH MynK xyKyKKHuHr By^ygra Kenum acocnapu epuTunraH. YmSy Mogga Kouganapu HeT gaBnaTnapHuHr SapHa ^y^aponapu Ba ropuguK maxcnapura HucSaTaH TaTSuK этнnмafigн. YHga $a^aT gunnoMaTua KopnycuxoguMnapu, Y3SeKucTOH PecnySnuKacuga aккpegнтaцнa KunuHraH MaTSyoT BaKunnapu, ^upManap, KoMnaHuanap Ba xan^apo TamKunoTnap gouMufi BaKonaTxoHanapu xoguMnapu, HeT эn ннвecтнцнacн umTupoKugaru KopxoHanapga gouMufi acocga
HrnnoBHH maxcgap, myHuHrgeK pecnySguKaga gouMufi ucTuKoMaT KugyBnu Ba arnarn ynyH ryBO^HOMacH SygraH maxcgap ep ynacTKagapugaH MygK xyKyKu acocuga ^ofigagaHumu MyMKuHguru SegrugaHraH [13-15].
EyryHru KyHga ep KoHyHnuguruga ep ynacTKagapuHu xycycufigamTupum MacananapHHH enurnHHHr xyKyKufi acocgapu aparagraH. EyHra 2019 fiug 13 aBrycTga KaSyg KunuHraH "KumgoK xy^anurura Myg«:aggaHMaraH ep ynacTKanapuHH xycycufigamTupum Tyrpucuga" Y3SeKucTOH PecnySguKacu KOHyHuHuHr KaSyg KuguHumu aKKon Mucog Syga ogagu [16]. YmSy KOHyHga ep ynacTKagapuHu xycycufigamTupum Macagacu KoHyHufiguK, uxTuepufinuK, xaK Tygam, xycycнfigamтнpнgagнгaн ep ynacTKagapuHuHr Ba ygapga ^ofigamraH KyHMac MygK oSteKraapuHuHr Supguru, onuKguK Ba ma^o^guK KaSu acocufi npннцнngap acocuga aMagra omupugumu SegrugaS SepugraH [17]. KoHyHga SegrugaHumuna Kyfiugarugap ep ynacTKagapuHu xycycufigamTupum oSte^raapu Sygumu MyMKuH:
• ropuguK maxcgapra MygK xyKyKu acocuga Terumgu SygraH eKu ygap TOMoHugaH xycycнfigamтнpнgaeтгaн SuHogap Ba uHmooTgap, umgaS nuKapum uH^paTysugMacu oSteKraapu ^ofigamraH ep ynacTKagapu, myHuHrgeK ygapra TyTam SygraH, umgaS nuKapum ^aoguaraHu aMagra omupum ynyH 3apyp ygnaMgapgaru ep ynacTKanapu;
• YsSeKucTOH PecnySguKacu ^yKapogapura aKKa TapTuSga yfi-^ofi Kypum Ba yfi-^ofiHu oSogoHgamTupum ynyH SepugraH ep ynacTKagapu;
• Sym TypraH ep ynacTKagapu;
• YsSeKucTOH PecnySguKacu HKTucogueT Ba caHoar Basupguru xy3ypugaru YpSaннзaцнaнн puBo^gaffrapum ^aMrapMacura SepugraH ep ynacTKagapu.
ffly SugaH Sup KaTopga KoHyHga xycycнfigamтнpнgмafigнгaн ep ynacTKagapu TapKuSu xaM SegrugaHraH SyguS, ygapra KyfiugarugapgaH TamKug Tonagu:
• TacguKgaHraH Ba эtgoн KuguHraH pe^agamTupum cxeMagapu SygMaraH xygyggapga ^ofigamraH ep ynacTKagapu;
• pyfixara KoHyH xy^®araapura MyBo^uK SegrugaHaguraH, xycycuHgamTupugMaHguraH ^ofigagu Ka3ugMagap KoHgapu, gaBgaT MygKugaru cTpaTeruK oSteKraap ^ofigamraH ep ynacTKagapu;
• TaSuaTHu Myxo$a3a Kugum, corgoMgamTupum, peкpeaцнa MaKcaggapu Ba Tapuxufi-MagaHufi MaKcaggap ynyH Myg^aggaHraH epgap TapKuSura KupyBnu ep ynacTKagapu, myHuHrgeK ypMoH Ba cyB ^oHggapuHuHr, maxapgap Ba maxapnagapHuHr yMyMufi ^ofigagaHumgaru epgapu (MafigoHgap, Kynagap, Top Kynagap, fiyggap, coxug Syfigapu, cKBepgap, xueSoHgap);
• xaB^gu Moggagap SugaH 3apapgaHraH Ba SuoreH 3axapgaHumra gynop SygraH ep ynacTKagapu;
• эpкнн uKTucogufi Ba kuhuk caHoaT 3oHagapu umTupoKHugapura SepugraH ep ynacTKagapu.
KoHyHga SenrunaHumuHa Y^SeKucTOH PecnySnuKacu ^y^aponapu SynraH ^ucMoHufi maxcnap Ba Y^SeKucTOH PecnySnuKacu pe3ugeHTnapu SynraH ropuguK maxcnap ep yHacTKanapuHu xycycufinamTupum cySteKTnapu xucoSnaHagunap. ffly SunaH Sup KaTopga HeT эnnнк ^y^aponap Ba YsSeKucTOH PecnySnuKacuHuHr Hope3ugeHTnapu SynraH ropuguK maxcnap, myHuHrgeK ^y^aponuru SynMaraH maxcnap ep yHacTKanapuHu xycycufinamTupum cySteKTnapu Syna onumMafigu [1820].
MyH03APA
Y3SeKucToH PecnySnuKacuHuHr aMangaru Oy^aponuK KogeKcuga ep yHacTKanapuHuHr ongu-coTgucu yMyMufi TapTuSga ongu-coTgu mapraoManapura oug HopManap SunaH TapTuSra conuHagu geS SenrunaHraH [21]. TaSuufi caBon TyFunagu. OHa 3aMuH xucoSnaHraH epHu KaHgafi KunuS oggufi "ToBap" cy3u SunaH u^oganam MyMKuH? Axup SyHuHr uno^u fiyK-Ky! ffly caSaSnu Su3HuHrHa, epHu ^y^aponuK xyKyKufi MyoManacura KupuTuS, yHuHr y3ura xoc xycycuaTnapuHu uHoSaTra onraH xonga Oy^aponuK KogeKcuHuHr 22-SoSuga ep yHacTKacuHuHr ongu-coTgucu SunaH SoFnuK SynraH HopManapHu anoxuga naparpa^ cu^araga ypHarnm no3uM [22]. EyHgaH Tam^apu ep yHacTKanapuHu xaga Kunum, afiupSomnam, rapoBra Kyfium Macananapu ro3acugaH aMangaru HopManap yзгapтнpнnнmгa MyxTo^;. ^yHKu ep yHacTKacu ^y^aponuK MyoManacura KupuTunraH, yHra HucSaTaH gaBnaTHuHr MoHonon xyKyKu HeKnaHagu. Ep yHacTKacuHuHr xycycufi MynKgopu yHu Ha^a^aT cotuS onum, Sarau xaga Kunum, afiupSomnam, rapoBra Kyfiumra xaM xaKnu Synumu no3uM [23].
CyHrru nafiTnapga Sup KaTopy3SeKucToHnuK Ba HeT эnnнк onuMnap ToMoHugaH ep yHacTKanapu xycycufi MynK MaspMura эгa SynaeTraHnuru caSaSnu coxagaru MyHocaSaTnapga ^y^aponuK xyKyKKHuHr eTaKHunuK KunaeTraHu, ep xyKyKuHuHr axaMuaTu эca ToSopa nacafiuS KeTaeTraHu xa^uga $uKp-Mynoxa3anap SungupunMoKga [24]. Eu3 SyHgafi ^uKpra KaTtufi Kapmu hukk^h xonga myHu TatKugnaMo^HuMroKu, ep SunaH SoFnuK xyKyKufi MyHocaSaTnap goupacuga yHuHr TaSuufi xycycuaTnapu SupnaMHu axaMuaTra эгa Synumu no3uM. ^yHKu ep uHcoHnapHuHr amam MaHSau SynuS, xycycufinamTupunaguraH epnap axonu nyHKTnapuHuHr Kypunum epnapura TyFpu Kenagu. fflaxap(nocenKa) Ba KumnoK axonucuHuHr amam epnapu эca MaMnaKaTuMu3 ep ^oHguHuHr araru 0,5 % uhu TamKun Kunagu. 3Hr acocuficu эca, ep gaBnaT xygygu xucoSnaHagu. YMyMxyKyK Ha3apuacura Kypa gaBnaT xygygu yHuHr MaB^ygnuruHuHr SupnaMHu mapTugup. gaBnaTHuHr ep ^oHguHu Som^apum ^aonuaraHu KynHunuK onuMnap yHuHr epra HucSaTaH MynK xyKyKu SunaH SoFnuK xonga TanKuH Kunumagu. Eu3HuHrHa, ep yHacTKanapura HucSaTaH xycycufi MynK xyKyKu ^opufi этнnгaн mapouTga SyHgafi eHgamyB MyHo3apanugup. gaBnaT ep yHacTKanapu ^y^aponap Ba ropuguK maxcnapra
KaHgafi maKgga Terumgu SygumugaH KaTtu Ha3ap (ygap xycycufi eKu gaBgaT MygKHuguruga экaнgнгнгa KapaMafi) MatMypufi-xygygufi SomKapyBHu aMagra omupum opKagu ygapra Tatcup yTKa3agu. ffly caSaSgu ep ynacTKagapuHu xycycufigamTupum ^apaeHu Su3ra HucSaTaH aBBagpoK ^opufi этнgгaн gaBgaTgap ep xyKyKu Ha3apuacuga cyHrru nafiTgapga "ep $oHgu SomKapyBu" aTaMacu ypHura "ep pecypcgapu SomKapyBu" aTaMacuHuHr KyggaHugumu Ky3aTugMoKga. Ey эca y3 HaBSaTuga, ep ynacTKagapuHuHr xycycнfigamтнpнgнmн coxagaru gaBgaT SomKapyBu umgapuHu xaM TaKoMuggamTupugumu KepaKguruHu KypcaTagu.
Eu3HuHr ^uKpuMu3Ha ep-xyKyKufi ucgoxoTgapuHuHr xo3upru SocKuHuga WKopuga KegTupugraH KoHyHga Ha3apga TyTugraH ep ynacTKanapu TyrpugaH Tyrpu oggu-coTgu oSteKTu Sygum opKagu ^yKapoguK MyoMagacura KupuTugumu Ba, ^yKapoguK KoHyHHuguruga xaM y3 u^ogacuHu Tonumu go3uM. fflyHuHrgeK, ep KoHyHHugurugaru ep ynacTKanapuHu oggu-coTgu, xaga Kugum, afiupSomgam, rapoBra KyfiumHu MaH KugyBHu HopMagap yзгapтнpнgнmгa MyxTO®:. ^yHKu, epgapHu xycycufigamTupum So3op ^^cogue^m yTumHuHr xo3upru SocKuHuga aManra omupugumu go3uM SygraH ^apaeH экaн, y xycycufi ep ynacTKanapuHu ^yKapoguK MyoMagacura TyguK KupuTumHu TagaS этagн. ffly caSaSgu, ^opufi KoHyHHuguKKa xycycufi ep ynacTKanapuHu oggu-coTgu Kugum SapoSapuga ygapHu xaga Kugum, afiupSomgam, rapoBra Kyfium MyMKuHguru xaKuga yзгapтнpнm Ba KymuMHanap KupuTugumu MaKcagra MyBo^uK.
XY.TOCA
Ep yHacTKagapura HucSaTaH xycycufi MygK xyKyKuHuHr ypHaragumu SugaH SorguK xy^^araapHu ypraHum gaBoMuga myHra aMuH Sygum MyMKuHKu, coxagaru KoHyH xy^^araapu Ba KoHyHocTu aKTgapuga SegrugaHraH HopMagap ypTacuga MyBo^uKguK Sygumu SapoSapuga MatgyM Ta^oByraap xaM MaB^yg. fflyHuHrgeK, ep yHacTKagapura HucSaTaH xycycufi MygKHuguK MyHocaSaraapuga ep xyKyKu HopMagapu SugaH Sup KaTopga ^yKapoguK xyKyKu HopMagapuHuHr xaM axaMuaTu SeKuec. TatKuggam ^ou3Ku, afiHaH myHuHr yHyH xaM ep yHacTKagapuHu xycycufigamTupum SugaH SorguK Ep KogeKcu SoSgapura KupuTugaguraH KymuMHa Ba yзгapтнpнmgap ^yKapoguK KoHyHHuguru SugaH MyTaHocuSguKga aMagra omupugumu go3uM.
Eo3op MyHocaSaTgapura acocgaHraH geMoKparnK xyKyKufi gaBgaT Kypum fiygugaH SopaeTraH xo3upru Y3SeKucTOH mapouTuga epra HucSaTaH xycycufi MygKHuguKHuHr xyKyKufi MyaMMogapu HyKyp ugMufi Mymoxaga acocuga aMagueTga y3 eHuMuHu KyTaeTraH gog3apS Macaga SyguS xucoSgaHagu. Ey эca ymSy MacagaHuHr TyguK ypraHugumuHu, WKopuga KaMpaS oguHMaraH ^MxaraapHuHr xap ToMoHgaMa epuTugumuHu TaKo3o этagн. 3epo, TaSuufi pecypcgapHuHr agoxuga Typgapura
нисбатан хусусий мулк хукукининг жорий этилиши ривожланган бозор талабларидан биридир.
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