CC BY
0INTERNATIONAL SCIENTIFIC AND PRACTICAL CONFERENCE
"ACTUAL PROBLEMS OF LIVESTOCK DEVELOPMENT, MODERN METHODS AND
DEVELOPMENT PROSPECTS" _SEPTEMBER 26-27, 2024_
UDK. 638.1.10
ASALARI OILALARINING IQTISODIY SAMARADORLIGI
1Orifjonov Jasur Rustamovich, 2Kakhramanov Boymakhmat Abduazizovich, 3Raxmatova Gulnoza Turakulovna, 4Xudayberganova Xulkar Baxtiyor qizi, 5O'ralova Jayrona O'tkir
qizi
1,2,3,4,5Toshkent davlat agrar universiteti https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13859096
Annotasiya. Maqolada asalari oilalarining mahsuldorligi, asal va mum yetishtirishi hamda ularning iqtisodiy samaradorligi kabi ko'rsatkichlar o'rganildi va qiyosiy tajribalar asosida tahlil qilindi.
Kalit so'zlar: asalari, shakar sharbati, asal, mum, perga, ishlab chiqarish, ish xaqqi, gulchangi, ona asalari, tuxum, xarajatlar, sof foyda rentabillik, iqtisodiy samaradorlik.
Аннотация. В статье на основе сравнительных экспериментов были изучены и проанализированы такие показатели, как продуктивность пчелиных семей, производство меда и воска, а также их экономическая эффективность.
Ключевые слова: пчела, сахарный сироп, мед, воск, перга, производство, зарплата, пыльца, пчеленая матка, яйца, затраты, рентабельность, чистая прибыль, экономическая эффективность.
Abstract. In the article, based on comparative experiments, such indicators as the productivity of bee colonies, the cultivation of honey and wax, as well as their economic efficiency were studied and analyzed.
Keywords: bee, sugar syrup, honey, wax, perga, production, salary, pollen, queen bee, eggs, costs, profitability, net profit, economic efficiency.
KIRISH
Toshkent viloyatining tog' oldi sharoitida asalarichilikni rivojlantirish, oilalar mahsuldorligini oshirish bugungi kunning dolzarb masalalaridan biridir [1,2,3.4].
Bozor iqtisodiyotining o'ziga xos xususiyatlaridan biri - ishlab chiqarilayotgan asalarichilik mahsulotlari salmog'i va sifati bilan jahon andozalari talabiga mos kelishi lozim [5,6,7.8].
Asalarichilikda asosan ishlab chiqarish xarajatlarini kamaytirish yo'li bilan ko'plab sifatli mahsulot yetishtirish, daromad va sof foyda salmog'ini oshirish imkonini yaratish talab etiladi [9,10,11.12].
Asalarichilikda o'tkazilayotgan ko'pgina tadqiqotlar shuni ko'rsatmoqdaki, asalari oilasi mahsuldorligini oshirish uchun erta bahorda ona asalari yetishtirish, asalari oilalarini shakllantirish va asalari paketlari ishlab chiqarish, ularni jadal usullarda boqish va iqtisodiy samaradorlikni oshirish asosiy omil hisoblanadi [13,14,15].
Shu maqsadda, asalari oilalarini tezkor texnologiya asosida boqish, ularni tog' oldi sharoitida oila mahsuldorligini oshirishga ta'sir etadigan texnologiyani ilmiy asoslarini o'rganish to'g'risida ilmiy tadqiqotlarni o'tkazish muhimligidan dalolat beradi [16,17].
TADQIQOTNING MATERIALI VA USLUBI.
Tadqiqotlar 2023-2024 yillarda Toshkent viloyatining Bo'stonliq tumanidagi Yangi Qurg'on MFY "Safinabonu-Mexrangiz" MChJning asalarichilik xo'jaligi va Soyliq MFY "Al-Baxrom Soxibkorlar" fermer xujaligi asalarizorlarida olib borildi.
Tadqiqotlar davrida bir xillik asosida tajriba va nazorat guruhlari tashkil etildi.
INTERNATIONAL SCIENTIFIC AND PRACTICAL CONFERENCE
"ACTUAL PROBLEMS OF LIVESTOCK DEVELOPMENT, MODERN METHODS AND
DEVELOPMENT PROSPECTS" _SEPTEMBER 26-27, 2024_
Olingan ma'lumotlarga Styudent mezonlari yordamida, Ye.K. Merkureva (1970, 1991) uslubi bo'yicha, (R) qiymat darajasiga ko'ra statistik ishlov berildi, hisob-kitob ishlari MS OFFICE (Microsoft Excel) dasturlari bo'yicha kompyuterda korrelyatsiya qilindi.
TADQIQOT NATIJALARI.
O'tkazilgan tadqiqot ishlarimiz natijalarini ishlab chiqarishga joriy etish maqsadida, ularning iqtisodiy samaradorligini o'rganish ham muhim ahamiyatga ega. Biz shu maqsadda olib borgan tadqiqot ishlarimizning iqtisodiy samaradorligini o'rgandik.
Shuning uchun ham asalari oilalarini ko'chirib turish jarayonlariga alohida e'tibor berildi, ularning asal to'plash imkoniyatlaridan samarali foydalanildi. Tajribadagi asalari oilalarining o'sish va rivojlanishidan fermer xo'jaligining o'zidagi barcha sharoitlar hisobga olindi. Bunda bitta asalari oilalarini tashkil etishda va uni ko'chirib turishdagi sarf - xarajatlar hisoblab borildi 1-jadval.
Asalari oilalariing shakar sharbati bilan ozilantirish 3600000 so'm sarf - xarajat qilindi, jami xarajatlar miqdori 20054520 so'mni tashkil etdi. Asalari paketlarini hozirgi kundagi sotish bahosi 350 - 400 ming so'mni tashkil etishini hisobga olsak, oddiygina har bir asalari paketlari sotgan taqdirda ham ulardan qo'shimcha ravishda yana minglab so'mni sof foyda qilish mumkin.
1- jadval
Bitta asalari oilasidan olingan mahsulotlarning iqtisodiy samaradorligi.
№ Ko'rsatkichlar Bir kunlik 1 ta asalari oilasiga beriladiga n miqdori, mg Tajribadag i oilalar soni 90 kun mobaynida 1 ta oilasiga beriladiga n miqdori, kg Xarajat miqdori so'm
1 Shakar sharbati (250x90=2,25x10 =22,5) 250 10 225 225x16000=3600000
2 Asal (200x90=18x10=18 0) 200 10 180 180x85000=15300000
3 Perga (0,069x90=6,21) 0,069 10 6,21 6,21x1200=74520
4 Asalarichiga ish xaqqi (12000x90=324000) 12000 10 108000 1080000
Jami xarajatlar 20054520
5 Asal ishlab chiqarish kg (26,7x10=267) 26,7 10 267 267x85000=22695000
6 Gul changi gr (2x10=20) 2 10 20 20x6000=120000
Jami, so'm 22815000
INTERNATIONAL SCIENTIFIC AND PRACTICAL CONFERENCE "ACTUAL PROBLEMS OF LIVESTOCK DEVELOPMENT, MODERN METHODS AND
DEVELOPMENT PROSPECTS" SEPTEMBER 26-27, 2024
7 Yalpi foyda: 22815000-20054520=2760480
8 Rentabillik darajasi 2760480x100/20054520=1
% 3,8
1 - jadval ma'lumotlaridan ko'rinayaptiki, har bitta asalari oilasi 26,7 kgdan kg tovar asal
olindi. Faqatgina asalni sotishdan olingan foyda 22695000 so'mni tashkil etdi (o'rtacha bir kg asal 85000 so'mdan sotildi). Har bitta asalari oilalarini tashkil etish uchun qilingan sarf - xarajatlar (20054520 so'm) chegirib tashlanganda sof foyda 2760480 so'mni tashkil etdi. Asalari oilalaridan foydalanishning rentabellik darajasi 13,8 % - ni tashkil etdi.
XULOSA
Ilmiy - tadqiqot ishlari shuni ko'rsatdiki, Toshkent viloyatining tog'oldi hududlari sharoitida asalari oilalarida bahorgi asalari paketlarini tashkil etish samarali ekanligini ko'rsatdi. Bu esa o'z navbatida nafaqat zootexnikaviy va iqtisodiy, balki aholini asal maxsulotiga bo'lgan ehtiyojini qondirish borasida olib borilayotgan bir butun chora - tadbirlarini asosi hisoblanadi.
REFERENCES
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INTERNATIONAL SCIENTIFIC AND PRACTICAL CONFERENCE "ACTUAL PROBLEMS OF LIVESTOCK DEVELOPMENT, MODERN METHODS AND
DEVELOPMENT PROSPECTS"
_SEPTEMBER 26-27, 2024_
9. Kaxramanov B.A., Orifjonov J.R. "Oziqlantirish usullarini asalari oilasi mahsuldorligini oshirishdagi ahamiyati" J. "O'zbekiston agrar fani xabarnomasi" Toshkent-2022 y.№6/2. (6) maxsus son. b.-78-80.Nurmatovbaxtiyor868@gmail.com
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