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23педагогического потенциала традиционных методов обучения. Так как метод кейса «призывает учащихся к самостоятельной познавательной, активной деятельности, приобретать навыки анализировать сложные ситуации, а также планировать свою деятельность и их осуществления, умение слушать остальных» [2, c. 106], он завоёвывает позитивное отношение со стороны студентов, которые видят в нём игру, где они имеют возможность проявить и усовершенствовать аналитические и оценочные навыки, научиться работать в команде, применить на практике теоретический материал, увидеть неоднозначность решения проблем в реальной жизни, найти наиболее рациональное решение.
В заключении, можно отметить то, что интенсивная и интерактивная методика (в том числе - метод кейсов) требует наличия не столько набора определенных знаний, сколько умения студентов анализировать конкретную ситуацию, принимать решение, логически мыслить, при этом лучше всего использовать многокомпонентный метод формирования знаний и умений.
Список литературы
1. Велиева Н. О некоторых моментах использования метода кейсов в обучении иностранному языку. // Проблемы современной науки и образования, 2016. № 12 (54). С. 104-108.
2. Назарова С.Н. Применение метода кейса в обучении. // Проблемы современной науки и образования, 2016. № 37 (79). С. 106-108.
3. Позднякова Е.В., Понамарева О.А., Демидчик Л.А. Опыт внедрения case-study в учебный процесс при преподавании биохимии. // Вестник науки и образования, 2017. № 8 (32). С. 62-65.
VIEWS ON THE CONCEPT OF "HOLIDAY" WHILE TEACHING ENGLISH IN UZBEKISTAN Otakulova D.
Otakulova Dildora - Teacher, DISTRICT SCHOOL № 18, BAYAUT, REPUBLIC OF UZBEKISTAN
Abstract: in this article the author considers the problem of cultural differentiation of the concept "holiday" and suggests how to approach this phenomenon in the process of teaching English in Uzbekistan.
Keywords: holiday, culture, consciousness, contrast, society.
Each lesson of English language is a crossroad of the cultures; each foreign word reflects the foreign world and foreign culture: behind each word there is a representation caused by national consciousness about the world. Each cultural system and each single fact of the public behavior obviously or secretive implies communication. It is a question of necessity of deep and careful studying of the world of native speakers, their cultures in wide ethnographic sense of a word, their way of life, national mentality because the real use of a word in speech is substantially defined by value of social and cultural life of a speaker.
Holidays are an integral part of life of any people since the ancient times. A holiday was always a considerable event for a society and each individual as the form of collective expression of installations of society. A holiday exists as a contrast of daily occurrence to everyday life and as the form of social memory. Storage and adequate translation of this information is carried out by means of symbols and rituals. A holiday unites a society round general idea, which is concentrated on value of life by people of a certain cultural tradition.
We can see how holiday are important for each culture. In the Uzbek audience at lessons of English language there is some information on English holidays, but often the information that is given has superficial character. Deeper comparative cultural analysis of English and Uzbek holidays in the comparative plan will give the chance to understand better mentality of two compared cultures and to reveal features of the phenomena of holiday, and that will help with language studying.
Etymology of the word holiday dates back to Old English "haligdaeg" (from "halig" -holy + "daeg" - day) [1, p. 174]. Originally, a holiday is a day of dedication to religious observance. Many holidays of the major world religions tend to occur at the approximate dates of more ancient, pagan festivals. Traditionally, many holidays are celebrated by family reunions and the sending of greeting cards and gifts.
In Great Britain there are only six public holidays: Christmas Day, Boxing Day, Good Friday, Easter Monday, Spring Bank Holiday and Late Summer Bank Holiday. In Great Britain, the so-called bank holidays are marked by the closing of banks and other institutions. A bank holiday is a public holiday in both the United Kingdom and Ireland. Bank holidays are often assumed to be so called because they are days upon which banks are shut, but this is not in fact the case. Easter and Christmas are religious holidays which are at the same time public holidays too. There are some other religious holidays: St. Patrick's Day and St. David's Day. British people have also some holidays that are not religious or public but the same popular to celebrate: St. Valentine's Day, Mothering Sunday, Halloween, April Fool's Day, and others.
Thus, for the native English speaking person, a holiday is a period of time when one has a rest far from home, stop from work. Another explanation of a holiday is the day when one does not need to go for work because of religious or national festivals. Thus, for the English speaking person, a holiday is a time when a person does not have to go to work or celebrates national festivals. Analyzing dictionaries on subject of the holiday, we have detected individualistic features of a holiday in English speaking countries: "individualism is built into custom and practice" [2, p. 206].
Uzbek person and his mentality perceive a holiday ("bayram") first of all as the day of celebrations in honor of important historical, national or religious event. Uzbek people like to gather on holiday and celebrate it in community.
There are 9 public holidays in Uzbekistan: New Year, International Women's Day, Navruz, Memory Day, Independence Day, Teacher's Day, Constitution Day, religious Ramazon Hayit (Eid al-Fitr) and Qurbon Hayit (Eid al-Adha). People do not go in to work on public holidays. Uzbek holidays have a specific history. As a part of Former Soviet Union, Uzbek people accepted the holidays that are not connected to religion, like New Year's Holiday and International Women's Day, but some holidays (Navruz or Hayit) were almost forgotten. Nowadays many religious and historical holidays are returned.
Both British and Uzbek nations has a tradition of celebration of the New Year Holiday. It is the last day of the year, according to the Gregorian calendar. Symbols of this most popular holiday are mostly the same in Uzbekistan and English speaking countries: New Year tree, presents, snow etc. By the way, Uzbek culture has equivalent of New Year holiday called "Navruz" - the holiday of the awakening, springtime, of the vernal equinox, celebrated on 21st of March.
To conclude it must be stated that in the process of teaching English in Uzbekistan a teacher should take into consideration some specific features of the concept "holiday".
References
1. Graddol D. English Next. 3rd edition. Oxford: OUP, 2010.
2. Thomson G., Fort M. (eds). Longman Explanatory Dictionary. London: Macmillan Press,
2012.
