CC BY
15Новости систематики высших растений 2018
Novitates Systematicae Plantarum Vascularium 49: 144-148 I i ISSN 0568-5443
Two Euphorbia (Euphorbiaceae) species new for the flora of China (Xinjiang and Inner Mongolia)
Два вида Euphorbia (Euphorbiaceae), новые для флоры Китая (Синьцзянь и Внутренняя Монголия)
D. V. Geltman
Komarov Botanical Institute, Russian Academy of Sciences Herbarium of Higher Plants
Professora Popova Str., 2, St. Petersburg, 197376, Russia geltman@binran.ru
https://doi.org/10.31111/novitates/2018.49.144
Д. В. Гельтман
Ботанический институт им. В. Л. Комарова РАН Гербарий высших растений
ул. Профессора Попова, 2, Санкт-Петербург, 197376, Россия geltman@binran.ru
Abstract. Euphorbia caesia Kar. et Kir. and E. cyrtophylla (Prokh.) Prokh. are reported for the first time in China; E. caesia occurs in several localities in the northern Xinjiang and eastern Nei Mongol, and E. cyrtophylla in a single locality near Sailimu (Sayram) Lake (northern Xinjiang). A revised synonymy with typification, description and detailed distribution data are provided for each species.
Keywords: Euphorbia, China, Xinjiang, Inner Mongolia.
Аннотация. Euphorbia caesia Kar. et Kir. и E. cyrtophylla (Prokh.) Prokh. впервые указываются для флоры Китая. E. caesia обнаружен в нескольких местонахождениях на севере Синьцзяна и востоке Внутренней Монголии, E. cyrtophylla — в единственном местонахождении вблизи озера Сайлиму (Сайрам) на севере Синьцзяна. Для каждого вида приводятся уточненная синонимика, типификация, морфологическое описание и детальные сведения о распространении.
Ключевые слова: Euphorbia, молочай, Китай, Синьцзян, Внутренняя Монголия.
Euphorbia L. (Euphorbiaceae) is one of largest genera of flowering plants and contains ca. 2000 species (Horn et al., 2012). J. S. Ma and M. G. Gilbert (2008) recorded 78 Euphorbia species for the Flora of China, and K. Shen (2011) mentioned 39 species of this genus for the Flora of Xinjiang. However, more extensive studies of herbarium holdings provide more data about species distribution. I have already reported E. edgewor-thii Boiss. as new for Xinjiang, China (Geltman, 2012). The aim of this paper is to report two more species new for those areas.
Material and methods
Holdings of the following Chinese Herbaria were taken into account: Xinjiang Agricultural University (XJA), Xinjiang Institute of Ecology and Geography, Chinese Academy of Sciences (XJBI), Xinjiang University (XJU) and the Shihezi University (SHI). Also materials from the Herbarium of the Komarov Botanical Institute of the Russian Academy of Sciences (LE) and the Herbarium of the Tomsk State University (TK) were used, mainly for description of general distribution and typification. Conservation status categories are provided according the IUCN system (IUCN, 2012).
Поступила в редакцию | Submitted: 04.06.2018
Results and taxonomic treatments
Euphorbia caesia
E. caesia Kar. et Kir. is a Eurasian steppe species occurring in Russia from the Volga River to Transbaica-lia, in Northern and Eastern Kazakhstan, and a significant part of Mongolia. Recently it was unexpectedly found in Austria (Geltman, Till, 2009). This species was never recorded from China. P. N. Krylov (1935) and Ya. I. Prokhanov (1949) treated E. caesia as a synonym of E. subcordata Ledeb., but, in my opinion, it merits the specific rank (Geltman, 1996).
In the course of studies of XJA, XJU and XJBI Herbaria, it became clear that E. caesia also occurs in China, in the northern Xinjiang, where it is mostly restricted to Altay and Tarbagatay prefectures; one locality is found in Changji Hui Autonomous Prefecture. After careful studies of the LE holdings, it was found that this species also occurs in Inner Mongolia (Nei Mongol) Autonomous Region (Hulunbuir district).
E. caesia belongs to section Esula (Pers.) Dumort. In some ways it resembles the widely distributed E. vir-gata Waldst. et Kit., but clearly differs by its smaller size (usually up to 30 cm, rarely to 50 cm; E. virgata is
Принята к публикации | Accepted: 18.12.2018
Two Euphorbia (Euphorbiaceae) species new for the flora of China (Xinjiang and Inner Mongolia)
145
30-70 cm) and the greyish raylet-leaves during flowering, almost the same colour as stem leaves. There are also evident differences in habitat preferences: E. caesia is usually a member of undisturbed steppe communities, whereas E. virgata prefers roadsides, agricultural and abandoned lands, human settlements, etc.
Euphorbia caesia Kar. et Kir. 1841, Bull. Soc. Imp. Naturalistes Moscou, [14], 4: 743. = Tithymalus caesius (Kar. et Kir.) Klotzsch et Garcke, 1860, Abh. Köni-gl. Akad. Wiss. Berlin, 1859: 87. = Galarhoeus caesius (Kar. et Kir.) Hurus. 1954, Journ. Fac. Sci. Univ. Tokyo, Sect. 3, Bot. 6: 249. — Lectotype (Gubanov et al., 1998): Kazakhstan, "In montosis deserti Soongoro-Kir-ghisici prope Arkat, a. 1840, Karelin et Kiriloff, № 442" (LE: LE01043400).
= E. cyparissias L. var. glabriuscula C. A. Mey. 1833, Fl. Altaic. 4: 180. — Type unknown.
= E. cyparissias L. var. pubescens C. A. Mey. 1833, Fl. Altaic. 4: 180. — Lectotype (Geltman, designated here): Kazakhstan, "prope Ustkamenogorsk, Ledebour, № 701" (LE: LE01043401!).
= E. esula L. var. humilior C. A. Mey. 1833, Fl. Altaic. 4: 182. — Lectotype (Geltman, designated here): Russia, "In rupestribus ad fl. Tscharysch, 15 VI [1826], Ledeb[our]" (LE: LE01043403!).
= E. esula L. var. cyparissioides Boiss. 1862, in DC., Prodr. 15, 2: 161. — Lectotype (Geltman, Till, 2009): Kazakhstan, "In montosis deserti Soongoro-Kir-ghisici prope Arkat, a. 1840, Karelin et Kiriloff, № 442" (LE: LE01043400!).
= E. subcordata Ledeb. f. obtusifolia Krylov, 1907, Fl. Alt. Tomsk. Gub. 5: 1195. — Lectotype (Gureye-va, Geltman, designated here): Kazakhstan, "Между дд. Красноярской и Новошульбинской, степь, 31 V 1901, П. Крылов [Between villages Krasnoyarskaya and Novoshulbinskaya, steppe, 31 V 1901, P. Krylov]" (TK 001791!).
= E. subcordata Ledeb. var. glabra (Krylov) Krylov, 1935, Fl. Zap. Sibiri, 8: 1879. = E. subcordata a. glabra Krylov, 1907, Fl. Alt. Tomsk. Gub. 5: 1195. — Lectotype (Gureyeva, Geltman, designated here): Kazakhstan, "Алтай, с. Шемонаиха, на Мохнатой сопке, 26 IV 1901, П. Крылов [Altay, Shemonaikha village, on Mokhnataya Hill, 26 IV 1901, P. Krylov]" (TK 001787!).
Glabrous or pilose perennials with thin, horizontal or obliquely descent roots. Stems few or numerous, erect, 10-30(50) cm, scaly at the base, sometimes with a few axillary vegetative shoots. Stem leaves green or greyish, linear or oblong, 1-6 cm x 0.3-0.7 cm, base rounded or truncate, apex more or less acute or almost rounded. Terminal rays of synflorescence 5-10(15), ax-
illary 2-10, once or rarely twice dichotomous, 1.5-4(6) cm. Ray-leaves similar to upper stem leaves, raylet-leaves 2, broadly triangular, rhombic-ovoid or reniform, the same colour as stem leaves or slightly yellowish-green when flowering. Cyathia 1-2.5 mm long and 0.7-2.2 mm diam., with small, obtuse pubescent lobes, glands 4, semilunate, with or without short appendages. Capsule truncate-ovoid, trilobate, 3.5-4 x 3-4 mm, glabrous or finely rugose. Seeds ca. 2.5 x 1.5 mm, glabrous, caruncle discoid or conic.
Specimens studied. XINJIANG-UYGUR AUTONOMOUS REGION. Altay Prefecture: Fuyun County Suburb, desert, 900 m, 11 VI 1972, Zhenggao An, № А720469 (XJA); Qinghe County Suburb, desert, 900 m, 15 VI 1972, Cangyou Yang, № A720653 (XJA); Qinghe County, Xiao-qing River, river bank, 980 m, 11 VII 1972, Zhenggao An, № A720671 (XJA00062238); Qinghe County, Xiaoqing River, Mutougou, steppe, 1400 m, 13 VI 1972, Zhenggao An, № A720671 (XJA00062239); Altay City Suburb, dry montane slope, 10 V 1976, anon. № 0013 (XJBI00025158, XJBI00025175); Buerjin County, Kanas Nature Reserve, montane slope, 1700 m, 13 V 1992 [collector unclear], № 319 (XJU00031732B). Tarbagatay Prefecture: Tayeer-gaite Lake, river bank, 900 m, 6 VII 1972, Zhenyu Wang, № 368 (XJA00062249); Hebukesaier Mongolian Autonomous County (formerly Hefeng County), Biesigaoerzha Swamp, 1500 m, 18 VI 1980 [Desert Investigation Team], № 80618-5 (XJA00062252); Wusu County, Qianjin Farm, mountain slope, 1820 m, 27 VI 1981 [Grassland Survey Team], № 038 (XJA00062254); Wusu City, Ganjiahu forest farm, gravels and sands, 252 m, 27 IV 1985, Xiaozhen Zhang, № 8 (XJU00031750B); Wusu City, Kuitun River North Shore, Ganjiahu Forest Farm North, 252 m, 27 IV 1985, Xiaozhen Zhang, № 630 (XJU00031747B); Wusu City, Kuitun River North Shore, Ganjiahu Forest Farm North, 252 m, 27 IV 1985, Xiaozhen Zhang, № 81 (XJU00031730B). Changji Hui Autonomous Prefecture: Manasi Country, Xiaobaiyanggou, Fanxiu Town, 1400 m, 9 VI 1972, anon., № 1064 (XJBI00075066). NEI MONGOL AUTONOMOUS REGION. Hulunbuir District: окрестности ж.-д. ст. Маньчжурия, равнина между станцией и еврейским кладбищем, 13 VI 1915, E. Нечаева [vicinity of Manzhouli railway station, plain between the station and Jewish cemetery, 13 VI 1915, E. Nechaeva] (LE); Manzhouli railway station, Beishan mountain, abandoned land, 23 VI 1951, Li Shuhsin, Fuh Peuyun, Chang Yuiliang, № 811 (LE); Manzhouli railway station, Nanshan mountain, 24 VI 1951, Wang Chang et al., № 872 (LE); vicinity of Hailar, Nunmintun village, at the foot of sand slope, 10 VI 1951, Wang Chang, № 613 (LE); prope Dolon-nor, in arenosis, Lomonossov, 1870 (LE); Terra Ordos, in valle Hoanghe, 12 (24) V 1872, N. M. Przewalski (LE).
Distribution. Russia (European part: republics of Tatarstan and Bashkortostan, Ulyanovsk, Samara, Saratov, Volgograd, Orenburg regions; Siberia: republics of Altay and Khakassia, Altay, Krasnoyarsk (south) and Transbaicalia territories, Chelyabinsk, Kurgan,
Novitates Systematicae PLantarum VascuLarium | VoLume 49 | 2018
Fig. Euphorbia cyrtophylla from the vicinity of Sailimu (Sayram) Lake (SHI). Новости систематики высших растений | Том 49 | 2018
Two Euphorbia (Euphorbiaceae) species new for the flora of China (Xinjiang and Inner MongoLia)
147
Tyumen (south), Omsk, Tomsk, Kemerovo regions), Kazakhstan (Aktobe, Kostanay, North Kazakhstan, Ak-mola, Pavlodar, Karaganda, East Kazakhstan, Almaty regions), Mongolia (Uvs, Khovd, Govi-Altay, Töw, Dundgovi, Khentii, Sükhbaatar, Dornod, Ömnögovi aimags), China (north Xinjiang and east Inner Mongolia), Austria (Niederösterreich).
In the course of preparation of this article it became clear that E. caesia is much more widely distributed in Mongolia than had been suggested before (compare with map in Geltman, Till, 2009).
Habitats: steppes, dry meadows, rocks, dry and sparse forests, sometimes abandoned agricultural lands.
Conservation status: LC.
Euphorbia cyrtophylla
In the course of studies of SHI Herbarium I paid attention to an unnamed specimen from the vicinity of Sailimu (Sayram) Lake sharply differing from other Euphorbia (Fig.) occurring in Xinjiang. After careful additional studies it became clear that this specimen belongs to Euphorbia cyrtophylla (Prokh). Prokh. previously known from Uzbekistan and Tajikistan where it is restricted mainly to Gissar and Zeravshan ranges (Prokhanov, 1930, 1933, 1949; Pazij, 1959; Kinzikaeva, Shibkova, 1981; Nasimova, 1983) and also from Afghanistan and Pakistan (Rechinger, Schiman-Czeika, 1964; Radcliffe-Smith, 1986).
The locality in China is quite distant from the main range of this species — about 1100 km northeast. So, it is quite probable that this species could be found in high mountain areas of Kyrgyzstan and Kazakhstan.
Euphorbia cyrtophylla belongs to the section Esula. From other species of this sections occurring in Central Asia and Xinjiang, it differs mainly by numerous axillary shoots as well as the narrow elliptic stem leaves. Prokhanov (1933: 192) mentioned that this plant resembles "very small pine-tree".
There is no detailed information about habitat preferences of the species in China. It is quite probable that near Sailimu (Sayram) Lake it occurs on mountain slopes at an elevation of about 2100 m and higher. In Tajikistan, E. cyrtophylla occurs in high mountains at elevations of 2500-3600 m in sparse woodlands with Juniperus semiglobosa Regel, montane steppes, communities dominated by Cousinia Cass. and Onobry-chis Mill. species, sometimes forms almost pure groups (Kinzikaeva, Shibkova, 1981); in Pakistan it was found in mountain slopes and by edges of cultivated fields at 1770-3000 m (Radcliffe-Smith, 1986).
Euphorbia cyrtophylla (Prokh.) Prokh. 1949, Fl. URSS, 14: 441. = Tithymalus cyrtophyllus Prokh. 1930,
Izv. Glavn. Bot Sada SSSR, 29: 556. — Lectotype (Geltman, designated here): Uzbekistan, "Flora Zerav-schanica, Mousarif, alt. 7000-9000 pd., 28 VI 1893, V. L. Komarov" (LE: LE01043402!).
Glabrous perennials with vertical rootstock. Stems numerous, erect (10)12-40 cm, with numerous long axillary vegetative shoots. Stem leaves sessile, 0.7-3 x 0.3-0.7 cm, narrowly ovoid or elliptic, sometimes almost linear, entire, base rounded, apex acute, with prominent midrib. Leaves on axillary shoots linear, 1-2 x 0.1-0.2 cm, often arcuate. Terminal rays of syn-florescence 5-15, axillary — 0-6, unbranched or rarely branching monochasically, 2-6 cm. Ray-leaves similar to upper stem leaves; raylet-leaves 2, transversely elliptic or broadly ovoid, 0.5-0.8 x 0.9-1.2 cm, yellow at flower time. Cyathia broadly campanulate, glands 4, semilunate, usually without appendages. Capsule truncate-ovoid, 3-4 x 4-5 mm, usually finely granulate, seeds oblong-ovoid, 2.5-3 x 1.6-2 mm, caruncle truncate-conic.
Specimen studied. Xinjiang, Bole county, Sailimu Lake [44.30'N, 81.10'E], 24 V 2007, Wen-Bing Xu, Yang Liu, № 98 (SHI).
Distribution. Uzbekistan (Quashqadaryo and Surxondaryo regions), Tajikistan (Sughd Region, northern part of the Region of Republican (Central Government) Subordination), China (Xinjiang, Bole county), Afghanistan (Nuristan), Pakistan (Khyber Pakhtunkhwa province, Chitral district).
Habitats: sparse montane woodlands and steppes, alpine carpets, edges of cultivated grounds, 17703600 m.
Conservation status: LC. Acknowledgements
The work was provided in the framework of the institutional research project of the Komarov Botanical Institute of the Russian Academy of Sciences "Flora of nontropical Eurasia" (№ АААА-А18-118030590100-0). I am very grateful to Dr. Xue Jianhua (Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences) for the translation of herbarium labels from Chinese and Dr Mike Gilbert for many useful comments. The lectotypes of some names published by Krylov were designated jointly with Prof. Irina Gureyeva (P. N. Krylov Herbarium, Tomsk State University).
References
Geltman D. V. 1996. Taxonomic notes on species of Euphorbia subsection Esulae (Euphorbiaceae) // Bot. Zhurn.
Vol. 81, № 9. P. 73-89. [In Russian] (Гельтман Д. В. 1996.
Систематические заметки о видах подсекции Esulae
рода Euphorbia (Euphorbiacecae) // Бот. журн. Т. 81, № 9.
С. 73-89).
Novitates Systematicae Plantarum Vascularium | Volume 49 | 2018
Geltman D. V. 2012. Euphorbia edgeworthii Boiss. (Euphorbia-ceae), a novelty for the flora of China // Turczaninowia. Т. 15, № 4. P. 19-21. Geltman D. V., Till W. 2009. The Eurasian steppe species Euphorbia caesia Kar. & Kit. (Euphorbiaceae) — a new member of the flora of Austria// Ann. Naturhist. Mus. Wien. Ser. B. Bd. 110. S. 159-168. Gubanov I. A., Bagdasarova T. V., Balandina T. P. 1998. Nauchnoye naslediye vydayushchikhsya russkikh floristov G. S. Karelina i I. P. Kirilova [Scientific heritage of outstanding Russian experts in floristics G. S. Karelin and I. P. Kirilov]. Moscow. 95 p. [In Russian] (Губанов И. А., Багдасарова Т. В., Баландина Т. П. 1998. Научное наследие выдающихся русских флористов Г. С. Карелина и И. П. Кирилова. М. 95 с.). Horn J. W., van Ee B. W., Morawetz J. J., Riina R., Steinmann V. W., Berry P. E., Wurdack K. J. 2012. Phylogenetics and the evolution of major structural characters in the giant genus Euphorbia L. (Euphorbiaceae) // Mol. Phylogen. Evol. Vol. 63, № 2. P. 305-326. IUCN. 2012. IUCN Red List Categories and Criteria: Version
3.1. 2nd ed. Gland; Cambridge: IUCN. iv + 32p. Kinzikaeva G. K., Shibkova I. R. 1981. Sem. Molochainye — Euphorbiaceae [Spurge Family — Euphorbiaceae Juss.] // Flora Tadzhikskoi SSR [Flora of the Tadzhik Soviet Socialist Republic]. Vol. 6. Leningrad: Nauka Publ. P. 427-471. [In Russian] (Кинзикаева Г. К., Шибкова И. Р. 1981. Сем. Молочайные — Euphorbiaceae Juss. // Флора Таджикской ССР. Т. 6. Л.: Наука. С. 427-471). Krylov P. N. 1935. Flora Sibiriae occidentalis. Vol. 8. Tomsk. P. 1819-2088 + xiv. [In Russian] (Крылов П. Н. 1935. Флора Западной Сибири. Вып. 8. Томск. С. 18192088 + xiv).
Ma J. S., Gilbert M. G. 2008. Euphorbia L. // Flora of China. Vol. 11. Beijing: Science Press; St. Louis: Missouri Botanical Garden Press. P. 288-313. Nasimova T. 1983. Sem. Euphorbiaceae — Molochainye [Fam. Euphorbiaceae — Spurge family] // Conspectus florae Asiae
Mediae. T. 7. Tashkent: Ed. Acad. Sci. UzSSR. P. 47-79. [In Russian] (Насимова Т. 1983. Сем. Euphorbiaceae — молочайные // Определитель растений Средней Азии. Т. 7. Ташкент: Фан. С. 47-79). Pazij V. K. 1959. Sem. Euphorbiaceae — Molochainye [Fam. Euphorbiaceae — Spurge family] // Flora Uzbekis-tanica. T. 4. Tashkent: Ed. Acad. Sci. UzSSR. P. 82-123. [In Russian] (Пазий В. К. 1959. Сем. Euphorbiaceae — молочайные// Флора Узбекистана. Ташкент: Изд-во Акад. наук Узб. ССР. Т. 4. С. 82-123). Prokhanov Ya. I. 1930. Species novae e Herbario Horti Bo-tanici Ac. Sc. USSR // Izv. Glavn. Bot. Sada SSSR. T. 29. P. 550-569. [In Russian] (Проханов Я. И. 1930. Новые виды из Гербария Ботанического сада // Изв. Главн. бот. сада СССР. Т. 29. С. 550-569). Prokhanov Ya. I. 1933. Systematical review of the spurges of Middle Asia. Moscow; Leningrad: ONTI; the State Chemi-co-Technical Bookstore Ed. 241 p. [In Russian] (Проханов Я. И. 1933. Систематический обзор молочаев Средней Азии. М.; Л.: ОНТИ; Гос. хим.-техн. изд-во. 241 с.). Prokhanov Ya. I. 1949. Rod molochai — Euphorbia L. [Genus Spurge — Euphorbia L.] // Flora URSS. T. 14. Moscow; Leningrad: Ed. Acad. Sci. URSS. P. 304-495. [In Russian] (Проханов Я. И. 1949. Род молочай — Euphorbia L. // Флора СССР. Т. 14. М.; Л.: Изд-во АН СССР. С. 304495).
Radcliffe-Smith A. 1986. Flora of Pakistan: № 172 — Euphorbiaceae. [Karachi:] Dept. of Botany, University of Karachi; Islamabad: National Herbarium, Agricultural Research Council. 170 p.
Rechinger K. H., Schiman-Czeika H. 1964. Euphorbiaceae // Flora Iranica / K. H. Rechinger (ed). № 6. Graz. 48 p. + 20 tab.
Shen K. 2011. Euphorbiaceae // Flora Xinjiangensis. T. 3. [Urumqui:] Xinjiang Sci. Techn. Publ. House. P. 336-362. [In Chinese].
Новости систематики высших растений | Том 49 | 2018
