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12ФИЛОЛОГИЧЕСКИЕ НАУКИ
THE MAIN FEATURES OF PARALLEL CONSTRUCTIONS Gadjieva A.R.1, Khaydarova S.D.2, Mukhiddinova S.A.3
'Gadjieva Arzu Rustamovna - English Language Teacher;
2Khaydarova Sevara Dauilbaevna - English Language Teacher, 2nd ACADEMIC LYCEUM BENEATH THE GULISTANSTATE UNIVERSITY;
3Mukhiddinova Sabokhat Akhmadjonovna - English Language Teacher, DEPARTMENT "FOREIGN LANGUAGES THROUGH FACULTIES", PHILOLOGY FACULTY, GULISTAN STATE UNIVERSITY, GULISTAN, REPUBLIC OF UZBEKISTAN
Abstract: in this article talk goes about the grammar of English language. Especially about the constructions called parallelism. The article contains several illustration of this phenomenon. And we can see that all were given skillfully, because by reading every example reader easily understands and will have a clear point about the construction.
Keywords: parallel construction, phrase, imperative verbs, sentence.
UDC 8'
Parallel construction, also called parallelism, shows that two or more ideas are equally important by stating them in grammatically parallel form: noun lined up with noun, verb with verb, phrase with phrase. Parallelism can lend clarity, elegance, and symmetry to what you say:
I came, I saw, I conquered. - Julius Caesar. Using three simple verbs to list the things he did, Caesar makes coming, seeing, and conquering all equal in importance. He also implies that for him, conquering was as easy as coming and seeing [1, p. 112].
In many ways writing is the act of saying I, of imposing oneself upon other people, of saying listen to me, see it my way, change your mind. - Joan Didion.
Didion gives equal importance to saying I, imposing oneself, and voicing certain commands. Furthermore, she builds one parallel construction into another. Using a series of imperative verbs, she puts equal weight on listen, see, and change. The result is a rhetorically commanding definition of the act of writing.
We look for signs in every strange event; we search for heroes in every unknown face. - Alice Walker. Walker stresses our searching by making the second half of this sentence exactly parallel with the first. To write parallel constructions, put two or more coordinate items into the same grammatical form: I have nothing to offer but blood, toil, tears, and sweat. - Winston Churchill Churchill uses four nouns to identify what he offers the British people in wartime. . . . and that government of the people, by the people, for the people shall not perish from the earth. - Abraham Lincoln
Lincoln uses three prepositional phrases to describe the essential characteristics of American democracy.
On all these shores there are echoes of past and future: of the flow of time, obliterating yet containing all that has gone before. - Rachel Carson
Carson uses two prepositional phrases about time, and then a pair of participles to contrast its effects. We must indeed all hang together, or most assuredly we shall all hang separately. - Benjamin Franklin. Franklin uses two parallel clauses to stress the difference between two equally pressing alternatives. Parallel constructions may be partial or complete. Partial parallel arrangement is the repetition of some parts of successive sentences or clauses as in: "It is the mob that labors in your fields and serve in your houses - that man your navy and recruit your army, - that have enabled you to defy all the world, and can also defy you when neglect and calamity have driven them to despair." (Byron)
The attributive clauses here all begin with the subordinate conjunction that which is followed by a verb in the same tense form, except the last. The verbs however are followed either by adverbial modifiers of place (in your fields, in your houses) or by direct objects (your navy, your army) [1, p. 117].
In general having confidence while using parallel construction in writing and other compositions we can colorize our piece of work and it will have a power to appeal the readers or the audience attention.
References
1. McCauley J.K. & McCauley D.S. Using Choral Reading to Promote Language Learning for ESL Students. The Reading Teacher, 1992. 45 (7). 526-533.
2. Bozorova L.B Sovremenno'e informatsionno'e texnologii v protsesse formirovaniya leksicheskix navo'kov na urokax angliyskogo yazo'ka // Nauka, obrazovanie i kultura. № 4 (19), 2017.
3. Mamatkulova B.R. Kontsept «ognya» i protsess ego izucheniya v istorii // Nauka i obrazovanie segodnya. № 5 (16), 2017. P. 39.
4. Bazarova L.B. Learning foreign language through reading // Nauka i obrazovanie segodnya. № 5 (16), 2017. P. 40.
5. Rahmonova K.T. Self study is a discovery of effective language learning strategy // Nauka i obrazovanie segodnya. № 5 (16), 2017. P. 42.
THE TIME SPENT WITH TEACHER Dushaeva S.J.1, Abdunazarova G.Kh.2
'Dushaeva Sohiba Janikulovna — Teacher, ENGLISH LANGUAGE AND LITERATURE DEPARTMENT, PHILOLOGY FACULTY;
2Abdunazarova Gavhar Khidiralievna — English language teacher, 'ST ACADEMIC LYCEUM, GULISTANSTATE UNIVERSITY, GULISTAN, REPUBLIC OF UZBEKISTAN
Abstract: as it has been known from the title the main issue of this article is to identify the role of teacher in the growth of children until being ready to independent life. The author tried to emphasize every phase of man development in a clear and in illustrative way. She cited that teacher is the person who spends more than half of the day time with the people to whom he or she is subjected. It is more than the time which a person spends with his family. Keywords: education, teaching, schools, teachers, role model, fount.
UDK 8'
A great number of changes have been observed in education systems through the worldwide recently. If we aim to have a closer look at the characteristic features of the changes, we have to examine what they are. What everybody can see at first sight is that schools went through relevant changes. Schools used to be the source of knowledge, a place where children were educated more or less without parental control. Schools used to prepare learners for exams. Thus, teaching was mostly exam preparation or exam training, especially in the final years of the secondary schools. Together with the changes, new expectations appeared towards our schools. Nowadays schools need to teach their learners how to gain information and how to select and use them. The changes that took place in schools have changed the roles of teachers, too. For instance, in the past teachers used to be the major source of knowledge, the leader and educator of their students' school life. Teachers would organize after-school activities. They used to be the authority in the class and often took over the role of parents. At present, teachers provide information and show their students how to tackle them. Although they are still considered to be a kind of leader in the class, they can be thought of as facilitators in the learning process [1, p. 79]. They are supporters rather than educators and also advisors towards parents. If we focus on the teaching process, we still realize that there are huge deals of changes in this field as well, and all of them have an influence on the role of teachers. First of all, teachers in modern classrooms are no longer lecturers, they are facilitators, their main task is to set goals and organize the learning process accordingly.
Teachers play an extraordinary part in the lives of children for the formative years of their development. Their influence can and will stretch on long after the final bell rings, beyond the walls of the actual school. Life has its own education, with formal schooling playing only a small fraction. Momentarily we can recall the saying that sounds like "if the life educates we don't need educators". However, that does not undermine the role of the teacher. Those who sit in the class room have a good bit of influence of shaping the minds of the future. Thus here we just partly look at the issue, if we look at this from other perspectives we simply guess that teacher is one of the most significant person in child's growth. "Every second of our life is precious" - we spend most of our precious time with teacher, so by naming our time as vital we simply state the role of teacher in our lives.
