РАБОЧЕЕ ВРЕМЯ КАК ИНСТИТУТ ТРУДОВОГО ПРАВА Текст научной статьи по специальности «Право»

B' $ j)E*)

z599KM23HXO:264816PIHJ249Q31M2M5MKGH O0)/*) $

g_`+

Qoeb

+-+2J5,M-.)NJ5Q)()4c6

p<C,€,@"%p$,

)+7[8429JH8

&&'()*+,-A$D$?%/

<"&%(F="%

<< $=;<?%D!,

<,# %<"B<?/

" "&%(

./012314.'2)5%,<","," /

",# ,<

6.,*+(+7'2)&+,5p?aF@%<"ffB'/

$ j)E*)

t:2[23494:M2J9K

p!$!p#

!<=<^;8$BC;`<?[

zK94:51243IM4MKrJH3H82J{32SK:12MP,\2316,TK05U92JHXzK94:51, )+7[8429JH8

89:;<=:-WNK05:0H1KHXMN214:M2J9K21MHJH312VK:MNKXK4M5:K1HXMNK231M2M5M2H3HX94UH:94ZZH:623[

M28K‚WNK45MNH:JN4:4JMK:2}K1MNK9K[49:K[594M2H3HXZH:623[M28K4MMNK23MK:34M2H34943V34M2H3499KSK91

WNK1HJ249:K94M2H31:K[594MKVUPMN21231M2M5M2H3,2M1X53JM2H3143VXK4M5:K1HXMNK8KMNHVHX9K[49:K[594M2H3

4:K23SK1M2[4MKVI0KJ2X2J0:23J209K1HXMNK231M2M5M2H3ZH:623[M28K‚4:KN2[N92[NMKV

>?@A;B95ZH:623[NH5:1,94UH:94Z231M2M5M2H3,9K[49:K[594M2H3,0:23J209K1,X53JM2H31,8KMNHV

A; =C:<:CADk zK:4}256 y x ‡H:623[ M28K 41 4 94UH: 94Z 231M2M5MK

,,3H ,00)/*)Q3T511

g % , " C## <

% < != # < B /

= = "! % ?

%,%%=<"/

! #<%?$%

"""%%,"</

<$$"<<

lp?aF,

--EFG

H

'%D<<,

$ h, @"% p$ %D"

<< " " < " < , !

. ` @"% p$* B , <

""<%"<B%D_

" , <=, <, % "

"<",<"<<c€<</

"%C=, $=$="=,<"D</

%<_ €<< <%

"?D=" "="=#<+

B<%=<$,%,$</

!=<,"<%<"<$€<</

<€^h,** $?%<%

#<"<"<</"=="/

‰*,c)Š€^h< %=<%?<<,?

=€^h%,$?%?"D

‰,0*Š'%‹QQQB$<<",

%,?$"<$/

%<<,<<!<

' <<<€^h%%`/

**%"!*<È *_

"<€<<# <%"!$<<=

""<,=$%"<$/

%<"!,%<D,/

<<"!‰*,ccŠ_"$,"/

$<` *"$$%"!,

*€^h"` ?%<=

d€^h"!< $ << $< ,/

=%<=‰,0+Š@!"=/

"%? %%,=/

%,"%,<$<=,"="

@"% p$ €^h * * + #

<$ ‰Š`?D%, /

=@"%p$,<?Dk` D%/

< <? * , +c ` %

<<"<"!=%=*+),c`

<"<"!"*+.,‰+,ŠB/

# =@"%p$ %%</

$%,` %*,*c*,

` "%*+,*c

*` @"%p$<",""#<=+%*),*c+,c#

€k "#@"p$,+

B%D < " " b$ F% ^^ * < *+. ff ^ ^%ƒ<= k

# {TykNMM01kffZZZ53H:[f:5fVHJ58K3M1fVKJ9ŒJH3SfVKJ94:4M2H31fVKJ9N:1NM89<%Dk*

€<<"%C=, $=$="="*)<*))@? ‹‹Q*+)/

" < b$ F% ^^ ff ^ ^%ƒ<= k # {Tyk NMM01kffZZZ53H:[f:5f VHJ58K3M1fVKJ9ŒJH3SfJH3SK3M2H31f04JMKJH31NM89<%Dk*

+_ €<< < % "?D= " "= "= # < =

"b$# €^h.)/,>,*.?*.ff^ ^%ƒ<= k#

{TykNMM01kffZZZ53H:[f:5fVHJ58K3M1fVKJ9ŒJH3SfVKJ94:4M2H31f29HŒ0:23J209K11NM89<%Dk*

J

G 6Ì"?D< €^h%%k@/

< D"<$%*),**)@/

< %*,*c.@< "%

*+, *. @< < €^h ? <$ <=, "=

",!%<="<=#=

<$",$=,%<

%=< $k , ! #

@"% p$, %$! %D= " C= <

<$<",**ch<<@"%p/

$*<Eh`k<)D"</

$%<"?%%=D%

< **.h`","%

" !? < % , , < $ %

$"%*h`%="/

%<%=/%<="<‰ Š

^$ $<$"?<$<$,

!%<=" /

" " "<$ % %" "

<=+` @"%p$,=h`,=

<$ < ", C , ?D < <$= /

=C=E=<=,!=,=$/

="==,<=<=

B %, ",<="=E

C"B"<%"

"<$ <, , # ,

C<"!<"‰)Š

'< % "<$ < " /

< , % %=< %$ ?

"<$$%,$,?<$,

="<,/<,$

<<$ = $ "< "<$$ /

%Fh`=<$<"<$<,

< "D " " $

%,<$,=<$<""/

"%

g%,?<$,"<,/

%%=<%$,<%$$!,"</

=h`,=="</<,$/

<<$/<;%</

"<**h`

B""<<%

<", <"<?/

!="<"E<%D <,

# ? " ", "? % <

"&%(%ƒ<"/

?","?%,?$

*h<<@"%p$)?*)Ei<@"p$?*.Eiff hFa^

i<$@"%p$f "#@"p$€,

--EFG

K

'< " %D " " "$ /

="=,%ƒ%%",=/

%D!h,$$<",/

<? "< <<$ < ", /

<"" $/" <<"B?<$,"</

$<<$<"<, $</

, < <, % , <, <=, %/

", " , < < ", $ $

=<‰c,J*ŠB<$==< ""</

$‰.,JŠ,<<&%(

<=<"

B%D"%","?D"<?"$

"=$"‰Š;=,/

?D % , ", /"=, !,

,"D<$=<%,

%%=%D=!,=<"*h`

;?<%"%,/

D"<h`"<<a~^/

%=<%ƒ<**.h`*h`&@%(,

%ƒ,%"%<%?<$

"%<$%$ D,!=!/

=, "= = %, ?% "< &%$(

,?D=<", <$,"/

"**.h`$" E"$%

h`,%**.h`‰*,+ŠB/=,h`%

<%D""<%,%

%,,??D%%"/

E%<<$=%<$="<,/

?$""<"/

< "<$ % B/$=, h` =

<$<%%"?<"

<$=<=<<=%D=!

BC!","D</

"<= < % , %, "<? /

%%%?"",=<D?"<"<",

?=""<<$<"

B< "< ?< ,

<$ < " "?

"<"=%D!C," "/

<"‰.,J*Š

i " " " < " $ &' " ", " ?

` j<@"%p$,$=,"?

"?D= , " , <D=

<<""$<$(‰**,J Š<%$!

<" "",<!<$%<"/

<^<" "","%D","?/

, "?D <D , " "= "<"/

=?D=,?D$" %<$

"‰*Š

LM

G 6I

jD<# " "",</

"< <?<<,%D",,/

," "

' = " " # < ? <?Dk " " /

"<"D< %<" "

%" <= %"= <, ??D %? = < D,!= "<"%$?" "<

<## <

' $ " " < " $ "/

"<%%"<=o

<? ‰*, *+, * * Š, "< <=

k%<=@ /

" " "<" D " "< =

=="<%,"?D==$

$%<=F<" ",FFb

"<"$h`‰* Š

%=<$," "<"?<#/

< " = <, ? " # /

!, ? " C %D "# b F/

<D<††‰*),J+E++Š'C%

<"?" "<$="=,/

&% ( B * h` &@% ( "

<$$<D=%

h, h` " % "/

<$"<<**E**+h`,**

h`,<="<"<=<**)h`,

**ch`" "$"<$%

o<"<"%%=/

"<$%k<"D=%**

h`==%"%*h`/

*h`<" <)h`"/

" % " % = "<$

%

^%$ " % < %

"*h`g%<=<=%/

,%$<""<#,<" "

<$%

' % %" "<

"=<=%,C<"$

=='Ch`=<$<

"? $ % % , %

<%%ƒ<p,"%

!$ < < % ", %

$<<$%" "<,<#/

# << %

' %D " % " %

" "< " %;?/

? D, ! < %,

<?"!<"<<

--EFG

LL

b# =%,<?D'</

<=%"==<"

< "<$ % %"/

" <=, , "= %?< % /

%#<%""/

$<%, $#

iD# ,h€'‰*+,*.Š," $/

%""=<="

C= " = D % "% ,

=%$!<"B%$/

""!?%$",%%ƒ,

%%?<$ %,"$%/

"? =% "< % /

? = , %"$ ? $ /

% "<= <= "< ` C, /

D " "<$ % < <$=

%%?"<<"D# ,

%" < " D < <$/

, #? "<" < "< < $

""

==%,<?</

?$%,"!?"<$<C##/

"$%<,?"<,"<</

""<#

'< < < " " "% < </

""<%ƒ,<$?%D/

!‰*c,Š'C,"<,</

< < " < < #, %=< "$ %D

C < " %D= ! /

!,<"‰*.Š

B D " %D " < "$ , ?D=

%<"‰*,*E*cŠ

'E?<=#,,

"D "<= "! # < q<

#<$==="$E?<%/

%$%

'< , * ** h` < < %$

<<$<<<=j,?</

#,"%%%

, %< $ ƒ %= < "!,

#?<<

_<%%=<"/

<=?<=#B,"%?D?<#

"$k ", "$% $ %

% " " =

% <, "<<?D= <$, %$,

%?D""D/

% < '?D ""D?D ?<

#%<,",<%D=

L

G 6I

<""%" ,

%$, " = %

<$,%%<%

%"DD%$,"/

<<%,<

B"=?D=

%D= ! <$, /< $, </

<$/<

jch`,<,!$"/

, ? " <$, < <

<= = !, ", /

$",<,=<!?D"%"

?<$<,?<$,$"

$ <"$ < < % /

?" %,=

?D= ! " % /

,""<

B,< ?k

"<$%%<E++`/

@"%p$,**h`"<$D"<$$%/

< % %= < " <

** h`, <$= % **+ h` "<$ "</

$$ < % < <$= % E

** h`"<$$%<"<

"<<**)h`

j ** h`, "<$ % /

D , = h` </

**h`j,"<$%/

< , "< h` < ,

"<<='CD"%/

h`"%<<$/<%

_"%"

"< h, * * h` "< % "<

"<"<=h`<%<

<$ "<$ % <= " /

=<="<@%%%=/

< %, " , "< "

< "< # % * h` b# %

<"?"#? *h`B

<<"<$,,%,h`/

% , = <, !,

=$="==,<<$%

_!p,

c h` < < "< %

<< =%BC"<%=<$<""/

,"<%,<,/

!,<<,%=<$D?D

<$< << %,<$,/

"<<$%"!?

--EFG

L%

^<$=<<</

%"%h,**.h`"<,

"%"!?%^</

, $?# ?",<.h`"<

%,$ % $"% h%/

,"<%<%""%,/

<$=%""%=

%

j"<""%$

%$?<h,"%""<<%ƒ</

"!"%<,","<",<

?"==",%/

%$ % "<$, , % <

"$, " !? < % /

$"%<"$

- %$? < " " <

<, % , " $ " B

,h`"",%"<$/

<,! ** h`%,/

$ % $ " % , %$ "<

<,!.h`

;, ,""EC"%D<="%"

"%<"!B<"/

" % = % % % h` "<,

",< "$"+h`j<,"/

!",=h`! %/

%, "$ < !

<$<

h %, % ? < i$

< ?%€^h,"<"/

! <" E < , = $

<'<$<@"%p$/

<<<?%%"<h`=/

<$<,<?=<=,!/

=,=$="==,<=<=,=<!?"C

""%

F ", "?D= "<? "$ $ /

",","% %"<?

% %%? "" "= <<$ < ", ?,

%,$<",%<?D" ",

%<",?D# /

<"

h, " " " % $

<?Dk " " $ "<$ %

" " % " % = "<$/

%" "<$%" "</

,<## << %" "</

" %

LN

G 6I

%=&%("? $,D

"<# <"B?<$,%<"/

"? "< " "<= ?<= #/

, = %D= ! % %

" C "% h` <$ " <</

$%,"<""/

%,<<,%

L+0M6+0,M'J+6MN

* ` < " ^%D $ k % "% f F FB ‰ <Š "< %D <

^j`,àh!€kh,*)

‡H:623[JH3V2M2H3194Z1:K0H:M*k x[9HU49:KS2KZf G4L „NH1NKN Q3MK:34M2H349 y4UH5:tX/

X2JK„K3KS4kQyt,*.+0

GtT\yr‹Q3XH:84M2H3IP1MK8H3Q3MK:34M2H349y4UH5:IM43V4:V1RH53M:P0:HX29K1EzK94:51ff Q3MK:34M2H349y4UH5:t:[432}4M2H3kHXX2J24912MK{TykNMM0kffZZZ29HH:[fVP3f3H:89KYfK3fX0Ž*k****k kkGtk****kO****ŒRt{GWTŒQsk** +<%Dk*

+ ` €<< <,# @"%p$f

/oFB€k€</&€;hj^(,**)

p?aF@$€<< <%ff

;<%<k <<=""=/

k<€</"#,€,*)<*)€kF<

€B_,*)jE

) p?aF`"D%ffBp/

<‘C‘Ck /""*c+*j*E

**

c h<"k%"%fFFb‰<Š"<%D<bFB, àh!€kF< 2=,)

. h<"k%f"<<^Bj,;^j,bb<€k

@b/',* )

h < " k f "< < ; €, F B €$ € k qƒ,+c).

* ^ a~ ' <<$= <= !k

€k;ji,

** hFb` " "=<=</

"ff'%%Dk%B"*)€k`<,

*j .E +

* p? a F ^<$ " " < " D

" ff<@<?<=B"*ch€k^^^&;</

$&q(,*cj E +

* h;h<"k%"%€kB!C!!,*+.

*+ ' h € d " " < " @"% p$k %D =/

<ffj"%"<k%B"*€kpb g,

**j*.)E*

* b F F ' <= # D/

# <"ffiD<="<kfo;F"‰<Š"<

<bp’!b<kqj',*)j Ecc

*) F<bj<"€kb?<,* +.

*c h! à, B o F h< " k % "% €k F#,

+

*. ;jF,a! @i,^q'j<"k"

€k,*c.).

--EFG

LO

BEBCB@_BD

*|HPM26 x x KM 49 “5:1 M:5VHSH[H 0:4S4 tU1NJN4P4 JN41M] ‰y4UH: 94Z JH5:1K „K3K:49 04:MŠ

\2316,WK1KPO5U9,*,)0Q3T511

‡H:623[JH3V2M2H3194Z1:K0H:M*kx[9HU49:KS2KZfG4L„NH1NKNQ3MK:34M2H349y4UH5:tXX2JK

„K3KS4,Qyt,*,.+0

GtT\yr‹ Q3XH:84M2H3 IP1MK8 H3 Q3MK:34M2H349 y4UH5: IM43V4:V1 RH53M:P 0:HX29K1 / zK94:51

xS4294U9K4MkNMM0kffZZZ29HH:[fVP3f3H:89KYfK3fX0Ž*k****kkkGtk****kO****ŒRt{GWTŒQsk** +

4JJK11KV*

+“H3SK3M122 \K}NV534:HV3HP H:[432}4M122 M:5V4, :4M2X2M12:HS433PK TK105U926HP zK94:51] ‰RH3SK3/

M2H31HXMNKQ3MK:34M2H349y4UH5:t:[432}4M2H3:4M2X2KVUPMNKTK05U92JHXzK94:51Š\2316,\K}NV534:HV3PP

532SK:12MKM\QWIt‚O5U9,*,*)0Q3T511

zK:4}256yxTH9]\K}NV534:HV3HPH:[432}4M122M:5V4S:K[592:HS4322:4UHJNK[HS:K8K32‰TH9KHX

MNKQ3MK:34M2H349y4UH5:t:[432}4M2H323MNK:K[594M2H3HXZH:623[NH5:1Š

‰WNK2VK49HX4X:KK

N58430K:1H3492MPkX:H8MNKQ3MK:34M2H349RHSK343M1H3u5843T2[NM1MHMNK\HVK:3RH31M2M5M2H3Š\2316, x64VK82P4\2321MK:1MS4S35M:K3326NVK9O5U9,*),00/ Q3T511

)zK:4}256 y x “H809K613PP 43492} 151NJN3H1M2 2 1H1M4S4 :4UHJNK[H S:K8K32 ‰RH80:KNK312SK

4349P121HX34M5:K43VJH80H12M2H3HXZH:623[M28KŠ ,*c, 3H+*,00*/**Q3T511

c„:KJNK36HSxxKM49W:5VHSHK0:4SH‰y4UH:94ZŠ\2316,xV564M1PP42SP6N4S433KO5U9,,

)0Q3T511

.W:5VHSHK0:4SH‰y4UH:94ZŠrV1t|I82:3HS,QtI32[K:KS4,G„„94V6HS\H1JHZ,T„/

O:K11O5U9,*, )0Q3T511

WKH:2P4[H15V4:1MS420:4S4‰WNKH:PHX1M4MK43V94ZŠrV1GQ\4M5}HS,x|\49]6H\H1JHZ,

5:21MO5U9,+,c).0Q3T511

*t1M:HS162Py4O:4SHSHK:K[592:HS432K23V2S2V549]3P6NM:5VHSP6NHM3H1NK32P‰yK[49:K[594M2H3

HX23V2S2V54994UH::K94M2H31Š\2316,QI”O5U9,,0Q3T511

**W26HSK36H x „ “H31M2M5M12H33PK 0:23M120P 2 3H:8P 646 H13HS4 216NHV3P6N 34JN49 M:5VHSH[H

0:4S4‰RH31M2M5M2H3490:23J209K143V3H:8141MNKU4121XH:MNK232M2490:23J209K1HX94UH:94ZŠ

‰y4Z 23 8HVK:3 zK94:51243 1HJ2KMPŠ Q11 *) \2316, “H9H:[:4V O5U9,

*,00 ./ +Q3T511

*zK:4}256 y x tMVK9]3PK 0:23M120P M:5VHSH[H 0:4S4 646 [4:43M22 }41NJN2MP 2 :K492}4M122 0:4S 92M1

‰IK04:4MK 0:23J209K1 HX 94UH: 94Z 41 4 [54:43MKK HX MNK 0:HMKJM2H3 43V KYK:J21K HX MNK :2[NM1 HX 0K:1H31Š

!"# $%!‰IJ2K3M2X2JZH:61T511243xJ4VK8PHXyK[49

IJ2K3JK1ŠQ11*c,SH9\H1JHZ,5:21MO5U9,*c,00 / +Q3T511

*W4:41KS2JN G Q W:5VHSHK 0:4SH ‰y4UH: 94ZŠ \2316, |P1NKP1N4P4 1N6H94 O5U9, *+, .0

Q3T511

*+OKMHJNK36HW\v536M12220:23M120PM:5VHSH[H0:4S4TK105U9262zK94:51]kHU1NJN4P46N4:46MK:/

21M2642 S2VP‰v53JM2H3143V0:23J209K1HX94UH:94ZHXMNKTK05U92JHXzK94:51k[K3K:49JN4:4JMK:21M2J143V

MP0K1Š ‰\HVK:30:HU9K81HXL5:210:5VK3JKŠQ11*\2316,zK9H:511/

62P[H15V4:1MSK33PPK6H3H82JNK162P532SK:12MKMO5U9,**,00*.)/*Q3T511

* „:KJNK36HS x x O:4SHSHK :K[592:HS432K S:K8K32 HMVP6N4 646 X46MH: :K492}4M122 }41NJN2M3HP

X536M122 M:5VHSH[H 0:4S4 ‰yK[49 :K[594M2H3 HX:K1M M28K 41 4 X4JMH:23 MNK 2809K8K3M4M2H3 HXMNK 0:HMKJM2SK

X53JM2H3 HX 94UH: 94ZŠ & ' ‰O:HMKJM2H3 HX 94UH: :2[NM1 HX J2M2}K31Š

rV„zIN21N6H„:HV3H,5:I4O:23MO5U9,*),00 /ccQ3T511

*)x9K6143V:HS G „ IHSKM16HK M:5VHSHK 0:4SH ‰IHS2KM 94UH: 94ZŠ \H1JHZ, „H1P5:2}V4M O5U9,

* +,.0Q3T511

*cWH841NKS162P “ y, |H96 r x W:5VHSHK 0:4SH ‰y4UH: 94ZŠ \2316, x849XKP4 O5U9, ,

+0Q3T511

*.QS43HSIx,y2S1N2M1T ”,t:9HS162P5OIHSKM16HKM:5VHSHK0:4SHk SH0:H1PMKH:22 ‰IHS2KM

94UH:94Zkˆ5K1M2H31HXMNKH:PŠ\H1JHZ,G4564O5U9,*c.,).0Q3T511

LP

G 6I

&Q'7R)*+,'S)2('71

--E171T/U()*+,-./0/,1,23-4,56*748

*--,-.36.4*931/:+;-71*/-.<366; =/*<;<:51,->,=?,6

@3?;/7--4;+;+;-71*/-.<366;+;A4;6;),23-4;+;76,<3/-,.3.*

DVA;W<:CAD<8AX::Y><X:YA;

- ->;<ZCX[( BC8

$D B'D8

j$ "" < ? ) <% " *.

""% .

WNK 4:M2J9K Z41 15U82MMKV ) 400:HSKV 4XMK: :KS2KZ23[ *. 4JJK0MKV XH: 05U92J4M2H3.