CC BY
72
DOI 10.14526/2070-4798-2019-14-1-141-146
Motor activity optimization among the 5th grade schoolchildren for APSC
RLD standards fulfillment
Larisa A. Berezina, Dmitriy N. Nemytov*, Vladimir V. Vavilov
Ulyanov State Pedagogical University, Ulyanovsk, Russia ORCID: 0000-0002-9471-2652, berezinalar@yandex.ru ORCID: 0000-0001-5217-8458, nemytoff@gmail.com ORCID: 0000-0002-2436, vavilov1963@mail.ru
Abstract: Considerable decrease of health indices among secondary school children is conditioned by several factors, among which the leading place takes insufficient volume of motor activity. That is why it is necessary to search for the new ways of this problem solution. Significant changes in state policy, caused by political, social-economic and educational situation, demand a new concept in physical upbringing system at all stages and especially at general education institutions. It will provide pupils' readiness for the standards fulfillment of All-Russian Physical Sports Complex Ready for Labor and Defense. Research methods. Information sources analysis and summarizing, testing, questionnaire survey, pedagogical experiment, methods of mathematical statistics. Materials. Experimental methodology substantiation of training 11-12 year-old pupils for APSC RLD standards of the 3rd stage. Results. The offered forms of physical lessons and sports-mass events organization and realization provide new RLD complex perception as one of the leading structural components. They provide health-forming activity. The realization of them will help to increase the effectiveness of training the 5th grade pupils for the standards of RLD complex fulfillment. Conclusion. The conceptual part of the experimental methodology of training pupils for RLD complex standards fulfillment offers the following organizational forms: physical culture lessons, directed toward speed-power qualities development, and sports-upbringing events, which help to create the most favorable conditions for 11-12 year-old pupils.
Keywords: All-Russian Physical Sports Complex Ready for Labor and Defense (RLD), schoolchildren, standard demands, physical upbringing, motor activity, physical training.
For citation: Larisa A. Berezina, Dmitriy N. Nemytov*, Vladimir V. Vavilov. Motor activity optimization among the 5th grade schoolchildren for APSC RLD standards fulfillment. The Russian Journal of Physical Education and Sport. 2019; 14(1): 122-126. DOI 10.14526/2070-4798-2019-14-1-141-146
Introduction
Social policy of Russia, directed toward humanistic values, ideals and standards realization, provides skills revelation, personality potential development, and life quality improvement among citizenry. One of the parts of this policy is physical culture and sport development.
Nowadays it is very important to involve pupils into physical culture and sport.
The government of Russia set the Strategy of physical culture and sport development till 2020. According to this strategy by 2020, there should be no less than 80% of pupils, who go in for physical culture and sport. For the strategy realization, the main taken measure was All-Russian Physical Sports
Complex Ready for Labor and Defense introduction. Ready for Labor and Defense complex renewal is a timely step, which provides the main objectives solution in the system of school education.
However, in the opinion of many authors (A.A. Vinogradov, 2015; K.S. Dunaev, 2017), there is the problem of RLD complex standards inconsistency in terms of 3rd stage pupils' physical readiness estimation. Moreover, the offered motor regimen recommendations for training and RLD complex standards fulfillment should be detailed for all age categories [1,2,6].
In this case we need to study RLD complex standards correspondence with the readiness of modern 11-12 year-old pupils in order to fulfill RLD
tests.
The aim of the research work is to increase physical training effectiveness among 11-12 year-old pupils in order to fulfill the III rd stage All-Russian Physical Sports Complex Ready for Labor and Defense standards (test).
The objectives of the research:
1. To create and introduce training means and methods for RLD complex standards fulfillment among the pupils of the 5th grade.
2. To substantiate experimentally the methodology of training 11-12 year-old pupils for the III rd stage RLD complex standards fulfillment.
Materials and methods
One of the leading aims of state internal policy is care concern for the health of the oncoming generation. In terms of this the role of general secondary education as the social institute increases,. It forms not only educated, but also thoroughly developed and physically ideal people [3,7,8]. A new RLD complex is a great contribution to this direction. It is the important stage in physical upbringing system development. It creates necessary conditions for pupils' thorough physical training. Owing to its specificity RLD complex has the greatest upbringing potential and is one of the most powerful mechanisms of a personality's worldview conceptions formation. This proves the importance of a new RLD complex introduction.
The strategy of RLD Complex realization places new demands on its content, new forms of training creation, tests fulfillment, methodical
provide physical readiness level increase. These items realization can be viewed as content renewal of physical-health-improving and sport-mass work at general education institutions [4,9,10].
Successful RLD standards fulfillment demands theoretical knowledge mastering. Also the main motor qualities formation, the level of physical readiness increase and health improvement [5,11,12].
Results and Discussion
In order to check the effectiveness of created by us experimental methodology we held the pedagogical experiment. 11-12 year-old schoolchildren of the 5th grade took part in the experiment. They were divided into 2 groups: control group (CG) and experimental group (EG). At the initial stage in order to define the initial physical readiness level the test was held with the help of the following control tests: 60 meters running (sec), 1500 meters running (sec), dip up (quantity), standing long-jump (cm), bending forward (cm), 150 gr ball throwing (m). The received results of preliminary study show that the pupils from the control and experimental groups didn't have valid differences and didn't differ much from each other according to physical readiness level. However, it was revealed that the most difficult standards of RLD complex for boys (EG/CG) were the following: small ball throwing, chin-up from hanging position at a high bar. For girls the most difficult standards were the following: dip up, 1500 meters running, target throwing.
techniques revelation of physical exercises use. They
Table 1 - Badges indices of All-Russian Physical Sports Complex Ready for Labor and Defense (RLD)
among the 5th grade pupils before the experiment
Groups Gold badge Silver badge Bronze badge Without any badge n
5 А (EG) 6 5 8 6 25
5 B (CG) 6 6 9 5 26
According to quantitative index of readiness for badges getting among the 5th grade pupils it was revealed that 6 people (EG) and 5 people (CG) got gold badge for the standards fulfillment, 5 people (EG) and 7 people (CG) got silver badge, 8 people
(EG) and 10 people (CG) got bronze badge and 6 people (EG) and 4 people (CG) didn't get any badge. These results are presented in table 1.
The received results motivated us to analyze weekly motor regimen of the 5th grade pupils and
compare it with the standards demands of RLD complex. Qualitative indices of motor activity among 11-12 year-old pupils were registered in observation protocol. The volume of motor activity among the 5th grade pupils in the obligatory educational part is 4,8 hours a week in EG and 4,6 hours a week in CG. General volume of pupils' motor activity, where independent lessons are not taken into consideration, is 9,4 hours in EG and 9,6 hours in CG.
Nevertheless, the results of observation helped to state that most schoolchildren don't attend sport sections, extracurricular activity and it proves insufficient level of the respondents' motor regimen (EG/CG) in accordance with the recommendations to a weekly motor regimen of RLD complex of the IlIrd stage (no less than 9 hours).
Preliminary studies of physical readiness level and motor regimen among the 5th grade pupils were the base for the experimental methodology
12 year-old pupils training for the IlIrd stage RLD complex tests fulfillment.
CG pupils studied according to "Physical culture, the 5th -9th grade, Lyakh V.I., Zdanevich A.A." program. EG pupils studied according to the experimental methodology. It includes the lessons with specially chosen (in accordance with RLD complex) exercises focused on speed-power qualities development. During extracurricular activity specially created sports-upbringing events were held (sports competitions, contests, conversations).
According to the pedagogical experiment results additional test was held in order to reveal the physical readiness indices dynamics among experimental and control groups pupils and to reveal their readiness to fulfill the IIIrd stage RLD complex tests. The received results show that the indices improved in both groups (CG/EG), however the indices were considerably higher in the EG (tables 2,3).
creation. This methodology is directed toward 11-
Table 2 - Physical readiness indices among the 5th grade girls before and after the pedagogical
experiment
Tests Girls EG (x±m) n=10 Girls CG (x±m) n=9 Р
1. 60 meters running (sec) 10,68±0,07 9,86±0,02 10,65±0,06 10,40±0,05 Р>0,05 Р<0,05
2. 1500 meters running (sec) 498,78±3,24 496,43±3,14 500,55±3,37 498,54±3,14 Р>0,05 Р>0,05
3. Dip up (quantity) 12,00±0,65 14,11±0,58 12,00±0,52 12,21±0,53 Р>0,05 Р<0,05
4. Standing longjump (cm) 154,22±1,45 156,87±1,40 155,00±1,45 155,77±1,44 Р>0,05 Р>0,05
5. Bending forward (cm) 10,67±0,43 11,79±0,48 10,44±0,43 11,00±0,42 Р>0,05 Р>0,05
6. Small ball throwing (m) 19,11±0,53 21,21±0,38 19,00±0,56 19,65±0,52 Р>0,05 Р<0,05
Notes: in numerator- the indices before the pedagogical experiment, in denominator - the indices after the pedagogical experiment
Table 3 - Physical readiness indices among the 5th grade boys before and after the pedagogical
experiment
Tests Boys EG (x±m) n=15 Boys CG (x±m) n=16 P
1. 60 meters running (sec) 10,01±0,21 9,11±0,08 10,23±0,22 10,21±0,21 P >0,05 P <0,05
According to quantitative indices of badges getting in the CG and EG we see a positive tendency. In the experimental group, more pupils get gold badges for RLD complex standards fulfillment (table 4).
2. 1500 meters running (sec) 452,14±7,16 451,86±6,78 454,83±6,25 454,93±6,29 Р >0,05 Р >0,05
3. Dip up (quantity) 6,50±0,43 8,06±0,52 6,14±0,43 6,63±0,32 Р >0,05 Р <0,05
4. Standing longjump (cm) 166,29±1,50 168,50±1,34 166,21±1,40 165,21±1,40 Р >0,05 Р <0,05
5. Bending forward (cm) 7,63±0,81 8,36±0,86 7,64±0,77 7,78±0,76 Р >0,05 Р >0,05
6. Small ball throwing (m) 32,50±0,77 34,86±0,72 31,07±0,77 31,36±0,77 Р >0,05 Р <0,05
Notes: in numerator- the indices before the pedagogical experiment, in denominator - the indices after the pedagogical experiment
Table 4 - Badges getting indices for RLD complex standards fulfillment among the 5th grade pupils after the pedagogical experiment
Groups Gold badge Silver badge Bronze badge Without any badge
5 A (EG) 9 10 4 2
5 B (CG) 6 7 12 1
Thus, on the basis of the received results we come to the following conclusion: the experimental methodology use helps to train pupils for the IlIrd stage RLD complex standards fulfillment more effectively. Quantitative indices of badges getting by pupils from the experimental group prove the effectiveness of created by us methodology.
Pupils' gained knowledge formed motor skills and abilities and also realizes attitude to modern RLD complex will be one of the parts for a purposeful and self-developing personality formation.
References
1. Vinogradov P. A. About the attitude of different population groups of the Russian Federation to All-Russian Physical-Sports Complex "Ready for Labor and Defense" (RLD) according to social study results. Vserossiyskiy fizkulturno-sportivnyi komplks "Gotov k trudu i oborone". Moscow: Sovetskiy sport. 2015: 155.
2. Dunaev K.S., Fedoseev A.M. Physical culture lessons structure and content for 11-12 year-
old schoolchildren in order to fulfill the norms of RLD "Ready for Labor and Defense" (RLD). Uchenye zapiski universiteta im. P.F. Lesgaft. 2017; 8(150): 29-32 (In Russ.).
3. Kostyunina L.I., Berezina L.A. Scientific-pedagogical potential of physical culture and sport in terms of All-Russian Physical Sports complex RLD (GTO) introduction and realization in the region. Aktualnye voprosy i perspektivy vnedreniya vserossiyskogo fizkulturno-sportivnogo komplekca "Gotov k trudu i oborone" (GTO): Vserossijskaya nauchno-prakticheskaya konferenciya in Saransk [Topical issues and prospects of implementation of the all-Russian sports complex "Ready for labor and Defense" (RLD): All-Russian scientific-practical conference in Saransk]. 2016: 137-146.
4. Fedoseev A.M., Dunaev K.S. Motor regimen of "Ready for Labor and Defense" (RLD) badgers. Uchenye zapiski universiteta im. P.F. Lesgatfa. 2017; 10 (152): 112-115 (In Russ.).
5. Shabalina Y.V. Visual -manual "History" discipline teaching in terms of sports
higher educational establishment (by the example of Povolzhskaya State Academy of Physical Culture, Sport and Tourism). Izvestiya Tulskogo gosudarstvennogo universiteta. Fizicheskaya kultura. Sport. 2018; 2: 82-91 (In Russ.).
6. Bedard A.C., Nichols S., Barbosa J.A., Schachar R., Logan G.D., Tannock R. The development of selective inhibitory control the life span. Developmental Neuropsychology. 2002; 21: 93-111.
7. Brocki K.C., Bohlin G. Executive functions in children aged 6 to 13: A dimensional and developmental study. Developmental Neuropsychology. 2004; 26: 571-593.
8. Bunge S.A., Dudukovic N.M., Thomason M.E., Vaidya C.J., Gabrieli J.D.E. Immature frontal lobe contributions to cognitive control in children: Evidence from fMRI. Neuron. 2002; 33: 301-311.
9. Hillman C.H., Castelli D.M., Buck S.M.
Submitted: 24.02.2019
Aerobic fitness and neurocognitive function in healthy preadolescent children. Medicine and Science in Sports and Exercise. 2005; 37: 1967-1974.
10. Jonkman L.M. The development of preparation, conflict monitoring and inhibition from early childhood to young adulthood: A Go/ Nogo ERP study. Brain Research. 2006; 1097: 181193.
11. Tamm L., Menon V., Reiss A.L. Maturation of brain function associated with response inhibition. Journal of the American Academy of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry. 2002; 41: 1231-1238.
12. Van der Meere, Stemerdink N. The development of state regulation in normal children: An indirecr comparison with children with ADHD. Developmental Neuropsychology. 1999; 16: 213225.
Author's information:
Larisa A. Berezina - Candidate of Pedagogics, Associate Professor, Ulyanov State Pedagogical University, Ulyanovsk, 432700, Russia, Ulyanovsk, square of the 100th anniversary of Lenin's birth, House 4, e-mail: berezinalar@yandex.ru
Dmitriy N. Nemytov* - Candidate of Pedagogics, Associate Professor, Ulyanov State Pedagogical University, Ulyanovsk, 432700, Russia, Ulyanovsk, square of the 100th anniversary of Lenin's birth, House 4, e-mail: nemytoff@gmail.com*
Vladimir V. Vavilov - Candidate of Pedagogics, Associate Professor, Ulyanov State Pedagogical University, Ulyanovsk, 432700, Russia, Ulyanovsk, square of the 100th anniversary of Lenin's birth, House 4, e-mail: vavilov1963@mail.ru
