CC BY
15
Higher Education "Volgograd State Medical University", 11, pr. Kalinina, Pyatigorsk, 357532, Russia, E-mail: pushkarskaya 85@mail.ru
Gaik D. Aleksanyants - doctor of medicine, professor, vice-rector on scientific work Kuban State University of Physical Culture, Sport and Tourism, 161, Bydennogo str., Krasnodar, 350015, Russia Shamil A. Imnaev - candidate of pedagogics, , associate professor, the head of physical culture and sport department, Pyatigorsk State University, 9, pr. Kalinina, Pyatigorsk, 357532, Russia
For citations: Pushkarskaya Y.A., Aleksanyants G.D., Imnaev S.A. The level of motivation for physical culture lessons among students of higher educational establishment, The Russian journal of physical education and sport (pedagogico-psychological and medico-biological problems of physical culture and sports), 2017, Vol. 12, No.2, pp. 78-86.
DOI 10.14526/01_2017_211
EFFECTIVENESS ESTIMATION OF SCHOOLCHILDREN TRAINING METHODOLOGY FOR THE NORMS OF THE IV STAGE OF THE RLD COMPLEX
FULFILLMENT
Marsel I. Khamitov - postgraduate Naberezhnye Chelny State Pedagogical University 9A, per. Geleznodorognikov, Naberezhnye Chelny, Republic of Tatarstan, 423806, Russia
E-mail: mir vip 92@mail.ru
Annotation. New RLD (ready for labor and defense) complex introduction is the stimulus for better understanding of the necessity to improve state system of physical upbringing at educational establishments. Nowadays schoolchildren have the following problems: weak motivation and interest in lessons, a low level ofphysical readiness and as a result, the number of children, who can't fulfill RLD complex normatives increases. However, as the research works show, most modern schoolchildren don't get any physical activity, apart from physical culture lessons. In order to solve these problems it is necessary to introduce author's innovative projects into the practice of physical upbringing, which help to increase the effectiveness of physical development among oncoming generation together with RLD complex. Materials. The aim of RLD complex introduction will be achieved in case of students' readiness provision to use regularly available methods, preparing exercises and modern technologies in trainingfor RLD complex normatives fulfillment. This research considers innovative directions of physical qualities development among boys-students by means of special site of training for the normatives of a new RLD complex, the results of their fulfillment are presented during the pedagogical experiment. Research methods: scientific-methodical literature analysis and summarizing, pedagogical experiment, methodology, testing, questionnaire survey, statistics analysis and handling. Results. The use of created by us methodology of motional qualities improvement among schoolchildren provides physical readiness indices increase. In our opinion, one of the important conditions for physical culture lessons effectiveness increase is modern technologies use on the basis of rationally selected method and preparing exercises, which are the most available for schoolchildren with a low level ofphysical readiness. Conclusion. The results of this experiment showed, that the use of created by the author methodology during the lessons provides physical readiness increase among boys-schoolchildren; the skills development of systematic independent physical exercises fulfillment as extracurricular activity; the volume of motional activity increase as an important condition for RLD complex normatives fulfillment.
Keywords: schoolchildren, training methodology, physical readiness, health, normatives of RLD complex.
Introduction. The necessity to popularize physical culture and sport is conditioned by the personality's rights, needs, age related characteristics of development, constantly changing criteria of vital activity and by social order for healthy people upbringing. Lack of motional activity led to the process of biological degradation among population and it caused considerable adaptation of an organism to sedentary lifestyle, health indices and physical and mental working capacity decrease. In order to realize these items and create an effective state system of population physical upbringing the Decree of the Russian Federation Government on "All-Russian RLD (ready for labor and defense) complex" renewal (June, 11, 2014 №540 Moscow) was approved. Such kind of necessity is conditioned, first of all, by the tendencies of sickness rate among schoolchildren, by their low level of motivation to lead a healthy life style, great increase of schoolchildren, who have poor physical fitness and disharmonic physical development [2, 3, 8]. It explains the necessity to realize the introduced in this country RLD (ready for labor and defense) complex, which is focused on cardinal improvement of physical upbringing state system.
The aim of the presented work is in theoretical and practical importance substantiation of the methodology creation of training boys-schoolchildren for the normatives fulfillment of the IVth stage of RLD complex, which provides physical readiness improvement.
Objectives:
1. To reveal the level of physical readiness among schoolchildren during the normatives fulfillment of the IV th stage of RLD complex.
2. To analyze the most effective methods of 13-15-year-old boys training for the norms of RLD complex fulfillment.
3. To study the attitude of 13-15 year-old boys to the renewed RLD complex.
4. To create the methodology of training 13-15-year-old boys for the norms of RLD complex fulfillment and check its expediency during the pedagogical experiment.
Results and their discussion. Literature analysis and the materials of our own research works revealed the fact, that the modern RLD complex demands corresponding readiness from schoolchildren for its fulfillment, the methods of training should include the content of different preparing exercises, which correspond to the age, the level of readiness and interests of those, who train. It conditions the necessity to search for innovative projects, which, together with RLD complex, help to increase the effectiveness of the oncoming generation development.
In September 2014 the normatives of the IVth stage of RLD complex were tested among boys-schoolchildren from schools of Nizhnekamsk of the Republic of Tatarstan. As a result we revealed a low level of physical readiness among 13-15 year-old boys-schoolchildren. It is proved by the norms of 60 meters running- 24,7% of the respondents didn't fulfill the normatives of the Complex. The same tendency is in the long jump, in 1500 meters running. Only 30% of boys can fulfill the normatives of the complex, in spite of the fact that modern RLD complex is considerably simplified in comparison with the old one [9].
According to the results, received by M.V. Tomilova, in May, 2015 the 1st testing among 11-15 year-old schoolchildren tudents was realized in terms of Unified RLD decade. From the general number of children (5280372 people) 620 thousand schoolchildren were able to participate (11,7%) [7]. Necessary number of norms was fulfilled by 29519 children or (4,8%) of children, who took part in testing:
49,9% of children got 14739 bronze badges;
41,8% of children got 12331 silver badges;
8,3% of children got 2449 golden badges
In this connection, we consider it urgent to study the attitude of 13-15-year-old boys to the renewed RLD complex and on the basis of the research results to create the methodology of motional qualities development among boys-schoolchildren during the process of training for the norms fulfillment of the IVth stage of RLD complex.
In order to check the effectiveness of these directions a questionnaire survey and a pedagogical experiment were held. 135 boys-students (13-15-year-old) from comprehensive school № 10 in Nizhnekamsk (the Republic of Tatarstan) took part in the experiment.
The results of the questionnaire survey showed, that 81,5% of the respondents said, that they understand the importance of RLD complex introduction in Russia, answering the following question: "Why is RLD complex renewed?" and 18,5% of the respondents couldn't give an answer.
75% of the respondents expressed a wish to fulfill RLD complex norms, 21,7% of the respondents fulfill the normatives, 3,3% of the respondents expressed disinclination for the normatives fulfillment.
During the questionnaire survey we informed the boys about created by us methodology of training for RLD complex
autumn session
normatives fulfillment. 79,3% of the respondents were interested in using created by us methodology of training for the norms of RLD complex fulfillment, 14,1% of the respondents couldn't answer, 6,5% of the respondents didn't want to use it.
As a result of scientific-methodical literature analysis, insufficient use of training means and methods among 13-15-year-old boys for the norms of RLD complex was revealed.
We consider that one of the methods in training for the norms of RLD complex fulfillment is circuit training. It solves important problems within a short time period, develops the main motional qualities quicker and it is more effective during complex demonstrations of motional qualities development [4].
In this connection, on the basis of circuit training method, the methodology of motional qualities development in training boys-schoolchildren for the norms of RLD complex fulfillment is created.
Picture 1 presents the structure of created by us methodology of 13-15-year-old boys' motional qualities development for the norms of RLD complex fulfillment.
methodology of motional qualities development
standing long-jump
exercise for quickness imp rove ment
X
2 km
running;
winter session
zzr
pull-up from handing Dosition at a Mäh bar
exercise for endurance imp rovement
Z
Exercise for
power dev el opm-e nt
3L
3 km ski race
Exercise for endurance imp r o v emen t
spring session
forrvard from aandins:
conjugate exercises
□=
ball throwing
exercise for flexibility dev el opm ent
conjugate exercises
weeks of winter session
weeks of autumn session
-c
is:
body lifting from dorsal
exercise for quickness imp ro vement
I in the gym ~| J
conjugate exercises
I -
weeks of spring session
our-of-doors
in I lie gym
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mobile application use
j in the gym
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Picture 1 - The structure of motional qualities development methodology among 13-15 year-old boys for the norms of RLD complex fulfillment.
The aim of this methodology is training 13-15 year-old boys for the normatives of the IVth RLD complex fulfillment (in order to get golden, silver, bronze badges).
In accordance with the Order of RLD complex testing and introduction into general education establishments of the Republic of Tatarstan, RLD complex normatives fulfillment during the year is divided into three sessions: September-November- autumn session, December-March- winter session, April-June- spring sessions [5].
Our methodology is formed on the basis of the Order and includes kinds of tests during the sessions:
1. Autumn session is based on training for 3 kinds of tests-60m running, standing longjump, 2 km running.
2. Winter session is based on training for 2 kinds of tests- pull-up at a high bar, 3 km ski race. _ _^^
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3. Spring session is based on training for 3 kinds of tests- leaning forward from standing position, ball throwing, body lifting from lying position.
In order to create the atmosphere of interest and motivation for students during the lessons and after them we created the site of training for the normatives of the IVth RLD complex fulfillment.
In order to register and enter the site we offered the following algorithm of actions for each of student:
1. Open the browser at a mobile computing device (communicator, computer, pad, smartphone), which has Internet access.
2. Find the site in the Internet (http://mobile-gto.ru), getting the password from the site manager beforehand (mir_vip_92@mail.ru).
3. Enter the system supplying the given password and personal e-mail address (picture 2). __ _ ______
Picture 2 - Entering the system
4. Then there will be the window with the training exercises for the normatives fulfillment during the sessions. __< _ _
Зимняя сессия - 3 Неделя - 3 - урок (26.11.16) Прослушать упражнения
Начать тренировку ► ооо/»» +) -•
Подготовка к выполнению нормативов зимней сессии комплекса ГТО: бег на лыжах 3 км. подтягивание из виса на высокой перекладине. Выполнение нормативов назначено на 04.02.17, 05.02.17 в Центре тестирования МБУ ДО "ДЮСШ Батыр" НМР РТ.
1 Станция
Подтягивания из виса с дополнительным отягощением (пояс-утяжелитель и др.) 7 раз (первый круг). 6 раз (второй круг). Остаток времени, пока играет музыка, вис на перекладине
2 Станция
Сгибание и разгибание рук в упоре на брусьях 16 раз (первый круг). 14 раз (второй круг) Остаток времени, пока играет музыка, пройти брусья на руках
3 Станция
Подтягивание из виса, стоя на резиновом жгуте, концы которого прижаты занимающимся к грифу перекладины начинать упражняться в этом движении следует, стоя на жгуте, сложенном одиночно. 7 раз (первый круг). 6 раз (второй круг) Остаток времени, пока играет музыка, вис на перекладине
4 Станция
Туловище наклонено вперед, попеременные движения (махи) прямыми руками вперед-назад с гантелями
5 Станция
Прыжки с ноги на ногу с продвижением вперед
Емайп
Необходимо заполнить «Емаил». Пароль
I
Необходимо заполнить «Пароль». Забыли пароль?
Picture 3 - The window, which presents the lesson
In the main window full information about the lesson is presented. The following things are described: session, the lesson of circuit training, the date of lesson, the date of RLD complex tests fulfillment in the Testing Center, exercises and the number of fulfillment at the stations, the function of listening exercises at the stations is offered, music is used during circuit training (picture 3).
In order to train for the kinds of RLD complex tests fulfillment during the sessions we created the complex of circuit training preparing exercises, used in the variative part of physical culture lessons according to the program, by means of the site. Created by us methodology is realized during the main part of the lesson (10 minutes - 2 circles each includes circle 5 stations).
The main aim at the sessions before training is the initial level of physical readiness diagnostics. Before each session boys-schoolchildren fulfill RLD complex normatives. Those, who don't fulfill the normatives, get the circuit training load of the 1st lesson; those, who get bronze badge, have the circuit training load of the 2nd lesson; those, who get silver badge, have the circuit training load of the 3rd lesson.
The preparing exercises form the base of the circuit training in training boys-schoolchildren for RLD complex normatives fulfillment.
The 1st week of the 1st circuit training lesson includes the preparing exercises of autumn session:
The 1st station. Speeding up 10 m from the high start for the prize.
The 2nd station. Preparatory position (PP) - crouch, arms are led back. To fulfill an energetic arms swing forward-up with simultaneous legs extension and heel rise (10 times).
The 3rd station. Jumping on one leg with legs change at half of 10 m distance.
The 4th station. PP - crouch (deep knee-bend), arms are led back. To fulfill an energetic arms swing forward-up with simultaneous up jumping with both legs pushing off (10 times).
information about the content of circuit training
The 5th station. Shuttle run3x8 m.
The 1st week of the 2nd and the 3rd lessons includes the same preparing exercises, but the amount of exercises and distance increase.
Thus, autumn session includes 8 weeks of lessons, winter session includes 11 weeks of lessons, spring session includes 13 weeks of lessons (3 lessons each week). Each next week includes additional new preparing exercises.
Each week of training at physical culture lessons develops motional qualities for the normatives of RLD complex fulfillment during the sessions. During autumn session we included the exercises for quickness, maximum quickness, speed power, speed endurance development and also the exercises for general, special and power endurance development. During winter session we included the exercises for maximum power, general, special and power endurance development. During spring session we included the exercises for quickness, maximum quickness, speed power, speed endurance development and also the exercises for active and passive flexibility development.
On the basis of diagnostics the control group (CG) and the experimental group (EG) were formed, each included 15 boys. At the beginning of the experiment the initial level of readiness was revealed with the help of the normatives fulfillment.
Statistical data handling didn't reveal considerable differences between the CG and the EG (p>0,05).
In the end of the session the main referee of the Testing Center checked how the boys from the CG and the EG fulfill the normatives of RLD complex. Only boys, who had the main and preparatory health groups according to the results of medical check-up and the pediatrician's opinion, were permitted to take part in the test. The received results analysis showed, that their improvement was in both groups: the CG and the EG, with the evident advantage of the EG. The received results handling helped to reveal the fact, that the results increase was in both groups, but with the evident advantage of the EG. Thus, in the
normative "60 meters running" in the CG with the initial results 8,9±0,15 seconds to the end of the pedagogical experiment the indices increased and were 8,8±0,14 seconds (p<0,05); in the EG with the initial results 8,7±0,08 seconds the indices increased till 8,4±0,08 seconds (p<0,05). In the normative "standing long-jump" in the CG with the initial indices 204,9±6,35 cm to the end of the pedagogical experiment the results increased and were 205,2±4,64 cm (p>0,05). In the EG with the initial indices 203,6± 3,95 cm to the end of the pedagogical experiment the results improved and were 211,1±4,13 cm (p<0,05). The same tendency of more considerable physical readiness results improvement in the EG was revealed according to other normatives of the Complex. If before the experiment the boys from the CG and from the EG didn't have valid differences at the sessions, after the experiment the results of testing and further statistic handling revealed valid differences among boys according to 5 tests, apart from standing long-jump with both legs push off, pull-up at a high bar and body lifting from dorsal position. In the EG the interest in training for the normatives of RLD complex fulfillment considerably increased, the boys used created by us site during extracurricular activity with great pleasure and it provided their opportunity to train independently for the normatives fulfillment.
For example, before the experiment 9 boys of the EG got golden badges for the normative "60 meters running", after the experiment 12 boys were able to fulfill the normative. In the CG before the experiment the normatives were fulfilled by 8 boys, after the experiment by 9 boys. Such kind of tendency of more considerable results improvement in the EG was revealed according to 8 kinds of tests.
Conclusion. Thus, the questionnaire survey among 13-15 year-old boys revealed the desire to fulfill RLD complex normatives and the diagnostics helped to reveal their low level of physical readiness. The most effective method in training for the normatives of RLD complex fulfillment is circuit training. Created by us methodology of preparatory exercises,
on the basis of circuit training, with the use of the site proved the effectiveness of the author's methodology.
The results of the pedagogical experiment showed the effectiveness of the offered methodology of motional qualities development among boys in training for the normatives of the IVth RLD complex fulfillment.
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Marsel I. Khamitov - postgraduate Naberezhnye Chelny State Pedagogical University, 9A, per. Geleznodorognikov, Naberezhnye Chelny, Republic of Tatarstan, 423806, Russia, E-mail: mir vip 92@mail.ru
For citations: M.I. Khamitov. Effectiveness estimation of schoolchildren training methodology for the norms of the RLD complex fulfillment, The Russian journal of physical education and sport (pedagogico-psychological and medico-biological problems of physical culture and sports), 2017, Vol. 12, No. 2, pp. 86-92.
DOI 10.14526/01_2017_212
FUTURE SPECIALISTS' NORMATIVE-JURIDICAL TRAINING METHODOLOGY IN
THE SPHERE OF SOCIAL TOURISM
Stanislav A. Kuznetsov - PhD, associate professor Tatar University of Assistance to Business 10, str. Tatarstan, Naberezhnye Chelny, 423825, Russia
E-mail: stanislav_kuznetsov@mail.ru
Annotation. The normative juridical proficiency of the specialist in the sphere of social tourism is one of the most important components of the professional competence. Knowing the normative-juridical basics of the profession and having the skills of using them depends mainly on market economy conditions which demand new skills from the specialist. These skills are: enterprise, economic liberty of actions, talent for risk. Therefore, it is necessary to create the methodology of specialists' professional training in the sphere of social tourism which will satisfy the requirements of this developing branch of the social-economic sphere of the society, the strategic target of which is social-juridical orientation of the future specialists' training process. Material. The material is
