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8«шушмум-лшигмау» s02i / economic sciences
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ECONOMIC SCIENCES
УДК 3 33 338 335.2
Zokirov S.
Head of the group of the Institute for forecasting and macroeconomic research, PhD in economics Tashkent, Uzbekistan DOI: 10.24412/2520-6990-2021-25112-67-69 LARGE VILLAGES ARE AN IMPORTANT SOURCE OF URBAN FORMATION
Зокиров С.
Руководитель группы Института прогнозирования и макроэкономических исследований, кандидат экономических наук
Ташкент, Узбекистан
БОЛЬШИЕ ДЕРЕВНИ - ВАЖНЫЙ ИСТОЧНИК ОБРАЗОВАНИЯ ГОРОДА
Abstract.
The level of development of the country is closely related to its economic, political and technological development, as well as to the extent to which the urbanization processes in it are growing. From this point of view, this article is studied on the basis of methods of grouping, critical analysis and synthesis of local urbanization indicators of the Republic of Uzbekistan. In the end, it was proposed to grant the status of a city of regional subordination to the regions with a population of about 6 20,000 people in the territory of our country.
Аннотация.
Уровень развития страны тесно связан с ее экономическим, политическим и технологическим развитием, а также с тем, насколько растут в ней процессы урбанизации. С этой точки зрения данная статья исследуется на основе методов группировки, критического анализа и синтеза показателей локальной урбанизации Республики Узбекистан. В итоге было предложено придать статус города областного подчинения регионам с населением около 6 20 тысяч человек на территории нашей страны.
Keywords: urbanization, the process of urbanization, rural settlements, rural cities, population, grouping.
Ключевые слова: урбанизация, процесс урбанизации, сельские поселения, сельские города, население, группировка.
Introduction. Over the past 35 years, not a single rural settlement in Uzbekistan has received the status of a city. At the same time, there was a weak migration movement of the rural population to the cities and a relatively low birth rate in cities in relation to the villages. The combined influence of the above factors led to a reduction in the level of urbanization in the country.
In order to solve this problem, in 2009, according to a special government decree, about a thousand rural settlements were transformed into urban settle-ments.[1.15 p.] As a result, in just one year, the level of urbanization in Uzbekistan increased from 35 to 51 percent. But, even with this indicator, Uzbekistan occupies only 147th place among 218 countries of the world in the international ranking of urbanization. [2.12 p]
In recent years, the intensification of urbanization processes has become one of the most important directions of the state's socio-economic policy. In particular, a draft Concept for the development of urbanization in the Republic of Uzbekistan until 2030 was developed as a scientific and ideological basis for the development
of this area. This Concept provides for the transformation of large rural settlements into urban settlements as one of the sources of urbanization development.
According to article 11 of the Law of the Republic of Uzbekistan "On the procedure for resolving issues of the administrative-territorial structure in the Republic of Uzbekistan" it is indicated that "urban settlements are settlements with a population of at least seven thousand people with industrial enterprises and developed infrastructure". Also, in accordance with Article 12 of the said law, "settlements located at industrial enterprises, construction sites, railway stations and other important facilities with a population of at least two thousand people, as a rule, can be classified as urban settlements". [3.25 p.]
The conducted studies show that in recent years the level of provision of rural settlements with infrastructure facilities has significantly improved, as well as their demographic potential has increased. At present, the number of large rural settlements with a population of more than 5000 people is 239 units, including the number of villages with a population of more than 10,000 people - 22 units (table 1).
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Table 1
Grouping of large rural settlements in the context of regions of the Republic of Uzbekistan by population
№ Regions Total including:
from 5001 to 10000 more than 10001
number of villages population number of villages population number of villages population
The Republic of Uzbekistan 10933 16945990 217 1351149 22 304545
1. Republic of Karakalpakstan 1123 936801 4 23270
regions:
2. Andijan 453 1403898 54 340340 7 92675
3. Bukhara 1452 2167607
4. Jizzakh 515 681947 15 91541 1 16491
5. Navoi 582 490412 1 5823
6. Namangan 391 935736 19 114452 2 24940
7. Samarkand 1849 2329275 25 160206 1 11511
8. Syrdarya 251 445168 7 44078
9. Surkhandarya 865 1620888 14 82391 1 11407
10. Tashkent 878 1449720 24 161159 4 68523
11. Fergana 991 1503056 7 38762 1 12546
12. Khorezm 548 1203788 15 91356 1 16072
13. Kashkadarya 1035 1777694 32 197771 4 50380
Source: Calculated by the author based on the data of the state committee of the Republic of Uzbekistan on statistics.
These rural settlements are home to about 29.0% of the country's rural population. This means the need to make certain changes to the current legislation. In our opinion, when assigning the status of a city to a settlement, the population should be at least 20,000 people, and when assigning the status of an urban village -at least 5000 people.
Currently, within the framework of the "Obod kishlok" program, certain work is being carried out to commission production facilities and infrastructure, improve and improve the architectural appearance of villages.
In particular, only for 2019 in 478 villages with the development of 4.8 trillion. sum provides for: construction and improvement works; repair and reconstruction of internal roads (with a total length of 5476 km); measures to improve more than 36 thousand night street lighting systems (with a total length of 2,458 km) and 21 communication systems; construction of 556 bus stops and purchase of 189 modern buses; construction of 2,219 km of new networks and 221 water structures; reconstruction of 729 km of networks and 163 water structures; improvement of the electricity and gas supply system; repair of 214.2 thousand individual private residential buildings and 1,182 apartment buildings; construction and repair of 280 preschool educational institutions, 510 schools, 237 healthcare facilities, 439
other social facilities and 2532 market infrastructure facilities, and others.
These measures are important for the socio-economic development of villages and the improvement of their architectural appearance, and this, in turn, serves as an important factor for assigning them the status of urban.
During the study, all rural settlements (about 11 thousand units) were grouped by population. As a result, it was revealed that the number of settlements with a population of about 20 thousand people is 6 units. We consider it expedient to assign to all these settlements the status of a city of regional subordination.
In order to select candidates for assignment of urban settlements among villages, inventory data were used, carried out by the Urbanization Agency under the Ministry of Economy in cooperation with local authorities. The results of predictive calculations carried out in this area show that the bulk of rural settlements expected to receive the status of an urban village in the medium term falls on the share of Samarkand, Tashkent and Kashkadarya regions. In Namangan, Syrdarya, Surkhandarya, Fergana and Khorezm regions, 1-2 rural settlements can move to the rank of urban settlements. As a result, the urban population will increase by 280 thousand people (table 2).
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Table 2
List of rural settlements claiming the status of an urban settlement until 2030_
№ Region name Districtname Name of the rural settlement Population, people
1. Andijan Asaka Markayuz 8401
2. Andijan Bulakbashi Nayman 9466
3. Andijan Izbaskan Yangikishlak 8787
4. Andijan Paxtaabad Butakara 8439
5. Andijan Paxtaabad Omonjura 9833
6. Andijan Shaxrihan Nazarmaxram 13773
7. Andijan Shaxrihan Saroy 10085
8. Andijan Kurgantepa Dardok 8564
9. Andijan Kurgantepa Kushtepa 8183
10. Andijan Kurgantepa Kurgantepa 13635
11. Namangan Namangan Xonobod 12650
12. Namangan Namangan Tepakurgan 12290
13. Samarkand Nurabad Jom 11511
14. Samarkand Kattakurgan Andok 8596
15. Samarkand Kattakurgan Moybulok 9105
16. Samarkand Urgut Besgkapa 8034
17. Syrdarya Sardoba Yangiobod 8137
18. Surkhandarya Denau Sina 11407
19. Tashkent Parkent Zarkent 10195
20. Tashkent Parkent Sukak 10909
21. Tashkent Parkent Changi 9600
22. Tashkent Bekabad Jumabazar 8366
23. Fergana Fergana Kaptarxona 12546
24. Khorezm Honka Toma 8293
25. Kashkadarya Kasbi Xujaxayron 10086
26. Kashkadarya Mirishkor Chandir 12383
27. Kashkadarya Chirakchi Oktunli 8304
28. Kashkadarya Yakkabag Chaydori 8455
Total 280033
Source: Calculated by the author based on the data of the state committee of the Republic of Uzbekistan on statistics.
These changes may lead to an increase in the number of urban settlements from 1062 to 1068, and the number of cities from 119 to 135 units. We hope that these measures will serve as an important tool for fulfilling the President's instruction "to bring the level of urbanization in the country to 60 percent by 2030». [4.22 p.]
References
1. Resolution of the Cabinet of Ministers of the Republic of Uzbekistan from 13.03.2009. No. 68 "On additional measures to improve the administrative-territorial structure of settlements of the Republic of Uzbekistan" . https://lex.uz/docs/1486855
2. List of countries by urbanization level. https://nonews.co/directory/lists/countries/urban-pop-ulation
3. Law of the Republic of Uzbekistan "On the procedure for resolving issues of the administrative-territorial structure in the Republic of Uzbekistan". https://lex.uz/docs/38835
4. Message from the President of the Republic of Uzbekistan Shavkat Mirziyoyev to the Oliy Majlis. https://uza.uz/ru/politics/poslanie-prezidenta-respubliki-uzbekistan-shavkata-mirziyeevas-28-12-2018
