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13_© Амурский зоологический журнал III(2), 2011.163-167_
УДК 595.768.1 © Amurian zoological journal III(2), 2011.163-167
CONTRIBUTION TO THE KNOWLEDGE OF THE FAMILIES NEMONYCHIDAE AND RHYNCHITIDAE
(COLEOPTERA) A.A. Legalov
[Легалов А.А. К познанию семейств Nemonychidae и Rhynchitidae (Coleoptera)]
Institute of Animal Systematics and Ecology, Siberian Zoological Museum, Frunze street, 11, 630091, Novosibirsk, Russia. E-mail: legalov@ngs.ru
Институт систематики и экологии животных СО РАН, Сибирский зоологический музей, Фрунзе, 11, 630091, Новосибирск, Россия. E-mail: legalov@ngs.ru
Key words: Coleoptera, Curculionoidea, Nemonychidae, Rhynchitidae, new taxa, new status, new placements, new synonyms, new combination
Ключевые слова: Coleoptera, Curculionoidea, Nemonychidae, Rhynchitidae, новые таксоны, новые статусы, новые систематические положения, новые синонимы, новая комбинация
Summary. New subfamily Idiomacerinae Legalov, subfam.n. (type genus: Idiomacer Kuschel, 2011) and new subtribe Rhynchitoplesiina Legalov, subtrib.n. (type genus: Rhynchitoplesius Voss, 1952) of the tribe Mecomacerini are described. New synonyms are established: Eugnamptus rusticus Legalov, 2003, syn.n. for Eugnamptus lacunosus Voss, 1948; Scolocnemus elegantulus Voss, 1938, syn.n. and Deporaus subseriatopilosus Voss, 1938, syn.n. for Scolocnemus pilosiusculus Voss, 1922. New systematic placement is made: Philippinorhynchites azurescens (Voss, 1932), placem.n. is transfered from the genus Thompsonirhinus Legalov, 2003 to the genus Philippinorhynchites Legalov, 2007. One new combination is established.
Резюме. В работе описаны новое подсемейство Idiomacerinae Legalov, subfam.n. (типовой род: Idiomacer Kuschel, 2011) и новая подтриба Rhynchitoplesiina Legalov, subtrib.n. (типовой род: Rhynchitoplesius Voss, 1952) трибы Mecomacerini. Установлены новые синонимы: Eugnamptus rusticus Legalov, 2003, syn.n. к Eugnamptus lacunosus Voss, 1948; Scolocnemus elegantulus Voss, 1938, syn.n. и Deporaus subseriatopilosus Voss, 1938, syn.n. к Scolocnemus pilosiusculus Voss, 1922. Philippinorhynchites azurescens (Voss, 1932), placem.n. перемещен из рода Thompsonirhinus Legalov, 2003 в род Philippinorhynchites Legalov, 2007. Установлена 1 новая комбинация.
INTRODUCTION
The families Nemonychidae and Rhynchitidae are primitive groups within the superfamily Curculionoidea. Nemonychidae is the most primitive in the superfamily, being very important in studies of phylogeny. The main works on the recent representatives of this family were made by G. Kuschel [Kuschel, 1954, 1959, 1983, 1989, 1993, 1994, 1995, 2003; Kuschel, May, 1997; Kuschel, Leschen, 2011] and A. Legalov [2009a, 2009c, 2010d] and for the fossil forms mostly by Gratshev, Zherikhin and Legalov [Gratshev, Legalov, 2009; Gratshev, Zherichin, 1995, 1996, 2000, 2003; Gratshev, Zherikhin, Jarzembowski, 1997; Kuschel, Poinar, 1993; Legalov, 2009d, 2010a, 2010b, 2010c, 2010d, 2011; Zherikhin, 1986, 1993; Zherichin, Gratshev, 2003, 2004]. The author thinks it is necessary to make some additions to the system of this group. Rhynchitidae is more advanced group deriving from Ithyceridae [Legalov, 2009b]. The further results of the study of this family are given in this paper as well.
MATERIAL AND METHODS
Types and other specimens are kept in the following collections and museums: ISNB - Institut Royal des Sciences Naturelles de Belgique (Belgium: Brussels); MRAC - Musee Royal de l'Afrique Centrale (Belgium: Tervuren); MZLU - Lund University (Sweden: Lund); USNM - National Museum of Natural History, [formerly, United States National Museum] (USA: Washington); ZFMK - Zoologische Forschungsinstitut und Museum "Alexander Koenig" (Germany: Bonn); ZMHB - Museum fur Naturkunde der Humboldt-Universitat (Germany: Berlin).
RESULTS
Family Nemonychidae Bedel, 1882 Subfamily Idiomacerinae Legalov, subfam.n.
Type genus: Idiomacer Kuschel, 2011 Diagnosis. The new subfamily differs from other subfamilies by the antennae inserted subbasally and by the reduction of clypeolabral suture.
Remarks. The uniqueness of the genus Idiomacer was noted in its description; however Kuschel and Leschen [2011] did not isolate it to an independent supraspecific taxa but placed it in the tribe Rhynorhynchini. On my opinion, this genus deserved to be placed in a subfamily of its own. The systematic position of this subfamily remains indistinct. Basal location of antennae and reduction of clypeolabral suture can be regarded as secondary characters. If these characters are plesiomorphic for this group, it should be placed in the family Ithyceridae despite the double gular suture.
For the description, see that of Idiomacer [Kuschel, Leschen, 2011: 592, figs. 41-43, 136, 137].
Subfamily Rhinorhynchinae Voss, 1922 Tribe Mecomacerini Kuschel, 1994 Subtribe Rhynchitoplesiina Legalov, subtrib.n.
Type genus: Rhynchitoplesius Voss, 1952 Description. Body black or yellow-brown, with appressed light setae. Antennae, pronotum, prothorax, legs red; labrum, mandibles and mouthparts red or reddish-brown. Rostrum straight or weakly curved, flattened or not, sometimes near the base compressed, densely and finely punctate; dorsally bright and quite densely punctate. Labrum large. Mandibles large, without teeth on exterior margin. Maxillae long, longer than mandibles. Antennae located on the middle or near the apex of the rostrum.
Frons wide, densely punctate, weakly flattened or convex. Eyes large, strongly convex. Head behind eyes weakly narrowed. Temples very short. Antennae rather long, reaching or almost reaching the middle of pronotum. Club 3-segmented, non-compact, more or less elongated. Pronotum longer than its width or very weakly transverse, with more or less rounded sides. Disc flattened, densely punctate. Scutellum small, rectangular. Elytra elongate-oval. Humeri weakly flattened. Elytral striae distinct. Scutellar striole rather long. Intervals wider than striae, more or less convex. Greatest width of elytra at middle. Elytral apices rounded together. Epipleura distinct. Precoxal part of prothorax elongated. Procoxal cavities located on the base of prothorax, connected. Mesocoxal cavities separated. Mesepisternum narrow. Metathorax weakly convex and rarely punctate. Abdomen weakly convex, finely punctate. Ventrites almost gomonomic. 5th ventrite weakly longer than 4th ventrite. Legs rather long. Procoxae oval, convex. Femora clavate. Tibiae almost straight, weakly widened at the apex, with apical setose fringe. Tarsi long. 1st segment triangular. 2nd segment widely triangular. 3rd segment bilobed. Clausal segment elongated. Claws narrow, with teeth. Length of body (without rostrum): 3.3-4.8 mm.
Diagnosis. The new subtribe differs from nominative subtribe by the punctate mesonotum without stridulatory files. Remarks. May [1993] was the first who offered to give the tribe status to this group. Genera Rhynchitoplesius Voss, 1952 and Rhynchitomacerinus Kuschel, 1954 are quite well isolated from other genera of the tribe Mecomacerini and should be placed in the independent category of supraspecific rank as a subtribe or possibly tribe.
For the description also, see that of Rhynchitoplesius and Rhynchitomacerinus [Kuschel, 1954, p. 105-106, 113 and Kuschel, Leschen, 2011, figs. 15-16, 62, 65, 78-84, 85-91].
System of recent Nemonychidae as follows: Family Nemonychidae Bedel, 1882 Subfamily Nemonychinae Bedel, 1820 Genus Nemonyx Redtenbacher, 1845.
Subfamily Rhinorhynchinae Voss, 1922
Tribe Mecomacerini Kuschel, 1994 Subtribe Mecomacerina Kuschel, 1994 Genus Aragomacer Kuschel, 1994. Genus Araucomacer Kuschel, 2011. Genus Bunyaeus Kuschel, 1994. Genus Eutactobius Kuschel, 1994. Genus Mecomacer Kuschel, 1954 Genus Notomacer Kuschel, 1994.
Subtribe Rhynchitoplesiina Legalov, subtrib.n.
Genus Rhynchitomacerinus Kuschel, 1954. Genus Rhynchitoplesius Voss, 1952.
Subtribe Brarina Legalov, Genus Brarus Kuschel, 1997.
Tribe Rhinorhynchini Voss, 1922 Genus Atopomacer Kuschel, 1989. Genus Basiliorhinus Kuschel, 1994. Genus Basilogeus Kuschel, 1994. Genus Nannomacer Kuschel, 1954.
Genus Pagomacer Kuschel, 1994. Genus Rhinorhynchus Sharp, 1882. Genus Zimmiellus Kuschel, 2011.
Tribe Rhynchitomacerini May, 1993 Genus Rhynchitomacer Voss, 1937. Genus Stenomacer Kuschel, 1954.
Subfamily Cimberindinae des Gozis, 1882 Tribe Cimberindini des Gozis, 1882 Genus Acromacer Kuschel, 1989. Genus Cimberis des Gozis, 1881 Subgenus Cimberis s. str. Subgenus Amerocimberis Legalov, 2009. Genus Pityomacer Kuschel, 1989.
Subfamily Doydirhynchinae Pierce, 1916 Genus Doydirhynchus Dejean, 1821. Genus Lecontellus Kuschel, 1989.
Subfamily Idiomacerinae Legalov, subfam.n. Genus Idiomacer Kuschel, 2011.
Family Rhynchitidae Gistel, 1848
Tribe Eugnamptini Voss, 1930 Subtribe Eugnamptina Voss, 1930 Genus Eugnamptus Schoenherr, 1839 Eugnamptus lacunosus Voss, 1948 (col. pl. I: 1, 8) Eugnamptus lacunosus Voss, 1948: 157 Eugnamptus rusticus Legalov, 2003: 160, syn.n. Remarks. The lectotype is designated by the author - a male from the collection ZFMK with labels "Kuatun (2300 m), 27,40n, Br. 117, 40ö, L. J. Klapperich, 31.5. 1938 (Fukien)", "Type", "Eugnamptus lacunosus n. sp.", "Lectotype Eugnamptus lacunosus Voss, 1948, A. Legalov design. 2010". Paralectotype: a male (ZFMK) with labels "Kuatun (2300 m), 27,40n, Br. 117, 40ö, L. J. Klapperich, 31.5. 1938 (Fukien)", "Type", "Paralectotype Eugnamptus lacunosus Voss, 1948, A. Legalov design. 2010"; 2 male (ZFMK) with labels "Kuatun (2300 m), 27,40n, Br. 117, 40ö, L. J. Klapperich, 31.5. 1938 (Fukien)", "Paratypoid Eugnamptus lacunosus Voss", "Paralectotype Eugnamptus lacunosus Voss, 1948, A. Legalov design. 2010"; 2 male (ZFMK) with labels "Kuatun (2300 m), 27,40n, Br. 117, 40ö, L. J. Klapperich, 1.6. 1938 (Fukien)", "Paratypoid Eugnamptus lacunosus Voss" "Paralectotype Eugnamptus lacunosus Voss, 1948, A. Legalov design. 2010"; 6 male (ZFMK) with labels "Kuatun (2300 m), 27,40n, Br. 117, 40ö, L. J. Klapperich, 4.6. 1938 (Fukien)", "Paratypoid Eugnamptus lacunosus Voss", "Paralectotype Eugnamptus lacunosus Voss, 1948, A. Legalov design. 2010"; 4 male (ZFMK) with labels "Kuatun (2300 m), 27,40n, Br. 117, 40ö, L. J. Klapperich, 5.6. 1938 (Fukien)", "Paratypoid Eugnamptus lacunosus Voss" "Paralectotype Eugnamptus lacunosus Voss, 1948, A. Legalov design. 2010".
Study of the type specimens has shown that Eugnamptus rusticus Legalov, 2003, syn.n. is a synonym to Eugnamptus lacunosus Voss, 1948. Distribution. China.
Eugnamptuspedestris Voss, 1948 (col. pl. I: 2, 9) Eugnamptus pedestris Voss, 1948: 155 Remarks. The lectotype is designated by the author - a male from the collection ZFMK with labels "Kuatun
(2300 m), 27,40 n, Br. 117, 40 ö, L.J. Klapperich, 25.5. 1938 (Fukien)", "Type", "Eugnamptus pedestris n. sp.", "Lectotype Eugnamptus pedestris Voss, 1948, A. Legalov design. 2010".
This species is very close to Eugnamptus kazantsevi Legalov, 2003 but differs with the darker rostrum, head and femora and smaller lobes on the apex of aedeagus. Distribution. China (Fujian).
Tribe Isotheini Scudder, 1893 Subtribe Deporaina Voss, 1929 Genus Chinadeporaus Legalov, 2007 Chinadeporaus bicolor (Voss, 1938) Deporaus bicolor Voss, 1938: 106 Remarks. The lectotype is designated by the author - a female from the collection ZMHB with labels "female", "42", "Pr. Chekiang, Hangchou", "P.L. Fong leg.", "Deporaus bicolor n. sp., Det. E. Voss", "SYNTYPUS Deporaus bicolor Voss, 1938 labelled by MNHUB 2010", "Lectotype Deporaus bicolor Voss, 1938, A. Legalov design. 2010". Distribution. China. Genus Scolocnemus Kirsch, 1875
Scolocnemus ^pilosiusculus Voss, 1922, stat.res. (col. pl. I: 3-4) Scolocnemus pilosiusculus Voss, 1922: 386 Scolocnemus elegantulus Voss, 1938: 83, syn.n. Deporaus subseriatopilosus Voss, 1938: 99, syn.n. Scolocnemuspulchellus f. decolor Voss, 1938: 85 Distribution. Indonesia (Kalimantan), Malaysia (Sabah). Remarks. The holotype of Scolocnemus elegantulus Voss, 1938 was studied by the author - a male from the collection ZMHB with labels "S.O. Borneo, Grabowsky.", "Scolocnemus elegantulus n.sp.", "HOLOTYPUS Scolocnemus elegantulus Voss, 1938 labelled by MNHUB 2010", "Holotype Scolocnemus elegantulus Voss, 1938, A. Legalov det. 2010".
The holotype of Deporaus subseriatopilosus Voss, 1938 was studied by the author - a female from the collection ZMHB with labels "S.O. Borneo, Grabowsky.", "Deporaus (Arodepus) subseriatopilosus n. sp.", "HOLOTYPUS Deporaus subseriatopilosus Voss, 1938 labelled by MNHUB 2010", "Holotype Deporaus subseriatopilosus Voss, 1938, A. Legalov det. 2010".
The study of type specimens has shown that Scolocnemus elegantulus Voss, 1938, syn.n. and Deporaus subseriatopilosus Voss, 1938, syn.n. are synonyms to Scolocnemus pilosiusculus Voss, 1922.
Subtribe Anisomerinina Legalov, 2003 Genus Anisomerinus Voss, 1933 Anisomerinusproteae Voss, 1933 (col. pl. I: 5-6, 10) Anisomerinus proteae Voss, 1933: 53 Remarks. The lectotype is designated by the author - a male from the collection ZMHB with labels "Hist.-Coll. (Coleoptera), Nr. 3453, Rhynchites Proteae Lichtenst., Promont. B. Sp., Lichtenst., Zool. Mus. Berlin", "SYNTYPUS Anisomerinus proteae Voss, 1933 labelled by MNHUB 2010", "Lectotype Anisomerinus proteae Voss, 1933, A. Legalov design. 2010". The paralectotypes are designated by the author - a female from the collection ZMHB with labels "Hist.-Coll. (Coleoptera), Nr. 3453,
Rhynchites Proteae Lichtenst., Promont. B. Sp., Lichtenst., Zool. Mus. Berlin", "SYNTYPUS Anisomerinus proteae Voss, 1933 labelled by MNHUB 2010", "Paralectotype Anisomerinus proteae Voss, 1933, A. Legalov design. 2010" and a female from the collection ZMHB with labels "3453", "Pr. B. Sp., Lichtenst.", "Proteae Lichtenst.", "Anisomerinusproteae n. sp., Det. E. Voss", "SYNTYPUS Anisomerinus proteae Voss, 1933 labelled by MNHUB 2010", "Paralectotype Anisomerinus proteae Voss, 1933, A. Legalov design. 2010". Distribution. S-Africa.
Tribe Rhynchitini Gistel, 1848 Subtribe Rhynchitina Gistel, 1848 Genus Caporhynchites Legalov, 2003 Caporhynchites longicollis (Gyllenhal, 1839) Rhynchites longicollis Gyllenhal, 1839: 332 Remarks. The specimens were studied by the author - a male from the collection MRAC with labels "Musée du Congo, S Afr., Ebitenhaege (don Marschall)", "R. Dét, J 3912", "S. Africa, Nitenhage, 9.XII.1900, J.A. Neil", "Rhynchites longicollis Gyll., Det. G.A.K. Marshall", and the second specimen - a female from the collection MRAC with labels "Natal Estcourt", "30.I.1899, Dimock Brown", "Coll. Mus. Congo (leg. E. Voss)", "Involvulus longicollis Gyll., E. Voss det., 1954". Distribution. S-Africa. Genus Philippinorhynchites Legalov, 2007 Philippinorhynchites azurescens (Voss, 1932), comb.n., placem.n. (col. pl. I: 7) Rhynchites azurescens Voss, 1932: 563 Remarks. The lectotype is designated by the author - a female from the collection USNM with labels "Surigao, Mindanao, Baker", "17108", "Recd ex. Voss Mch 1932", "Rhynchites azurescens n. sp., Det. E. Voss", "Lectotype Rhynchites azurescens Voss, 1932, A. Legalov design. 2010". Distribution. Philippines.
ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS
The author is thankful to his colleagues for the help with the work.
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