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ТЕХНИЧЕСКИЕ НАУКИ
DEVELOPING RENEWABLE SOURCES OF ENERGY IN
UZBEKISTAN Juraev N.N.
Juraev Nozimbek Nurmuhammad o 'g 'li - Student, POWER ENGINEERING FACULTY, FERGHANA POLYTECHNIC INSTITUTE, FERGANA, REPUBLIC OF UZBEKISTAN
Abstract: the article under discussion discusses the main directions of developing renewable sources of energy in Uzbekistan. The author of the article depicts the reforms conducted in the sphere of the energy sector of Uzbekistan in the field of the renewable sources of energy. Keywords: renewable, sources, energy, developing, solar, engineering, gross domestic product, electricity, capacity.
In Uzbekistan, for many decades, attention has been paid to the solar energy researches. Uzbekistan has a great potential of developing renewable sources of energy in the following directions: solar energy, biogas, wind energy, micro hydro generation. The first development in the field of solar energy in Uzbekistan began nearly 80 years ago, in the past 1932, when a laboratory of solar engineering was created in Samarkand. During 1940 and 1950s the first parabolic concentrator was built and the scientific investigations were commenced on solar energy conversion into electricity, after that the first photovoltaic installation was built. In 1943, the Physical-technical institute (PhTI) was organized, which was the first academic institution engaged in extensive research in the field of physics and engineering in a territory of Central Asia. In 1986, the Institute of Physics-Sun was organized on the basis of the Physical-technical institute. In 1987 a unique optical mirror complex with a big solar furnace, which thermal power is 1 MW was put into operation. Since 1965, the Physical-technical Institute of Physics-Sun has been publishing the international journal "Geliotehnika". The journal is translated into English by the company "Allerton Press" (USA) and it is published in the United States under the name "Applied Solar Energy" [1, p.p. 3-5].
The implementation of 100 MW Solar Photovoltaic Power Plant construction in Samarkand region is done in accordance with the Decree of the first President of the Republic of Uzbekistan dated 01.03.2013, № 4512"On measures for further development of alternative energy sources". The construction is financed by the Asian Development Bank, the Fund for Reconstruction and Development of Uzbekistan (UFRD) and "Uzbekenergo" company, including:
• hiring a consulting firm to supervise the construction and the contract for construction on the "turnkey" basis is financed by the ADB and UFRD;
•related infrastructure and external power lines' construction are financed by "Uzbekenergo" [2, p.p.2-6].
Memorandum of Understanding (MOU) was signed among Ministry of Finance of the Republic of Uzbekistan, UFRD, SJSC "Uzbekenergo" and ADB on 2.08.2013. The construction is being implemented by SJC "Uzbekenergo" jointly with Chinese partners in Free industrial economic zone "Navoi". Its capacity is at the first stage will be 50 MW solar panels per year. In the future it is planned to reach capacity of 100 MW per year.
The current President of Uzbekistan Shavkat Mirziyoyev signed a resolution "On the program of measures for further development of renewable energy, improving energy efficiency in economic and social spheres for 2017-2021" on 27 May 2017.
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The resolution was adopted to reduce the energy intensity in the gross domestic product and cost of production and to expand the use of energy from renewable sources in economic and social sectors for 2017-2021.
Uzbekistan plans to diversify the fuel balance through renewable energy sources, replacing them with traditional fuels and reducing their share in production of electricity and heat.
Long-term programs will be implemented to reduce the energy intensity of production in the sectors of the economy, and improve the environmental situation in industrial activity areas.
The President of Uzbekistan approved implementation of 810 projects for development of renewable energy for a total sum of US$5.3 billion in 2017-2025. He approved the target parameters for reducing the energy intensity of production in basic sectors of economy for 2017-2021, where 25 large enterprises and organizations set forecasts for reducing specific energy consumption rates for industrial production.
It is also planned to replace 17,250 heating boilers in 6,330 budget organizations of the Ministry of Public Education, Ministry of Healthcare and Center for secondary special and professional education.
In 2017-2021, Uzbekistan will replace 879 pumps and 1,523 electric motors in water management organizations of the Ministry of Agriculture and Water Resources. This will save 807.3 million kilowatt-hours of electricity.
It is planned to direct over 314.1 billion soums of budget resources to these projects and measures in 2017-2021 [3, p.p. 2-4].
References
1. AbdukarimovB.A. Trade economics. Tashkent, 2013. P.p. 3-5.
2. Electric power industry of Uzbekistan. SJSC "Uzbekenergo". Tashkent, 2002. P.p. 2-6.
3. Resolution of the President of the Republic of Uzbekistan of 13 July 2016 № PP-2559 "On measures to further improve scientific and technical activities in the field of electrical power engineering", 2016. P.p. 2-4.
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