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11
Karakhanov Asomidin,
Scientific research institute of mechanization and agriculture electrification
(Republic of Uzbekistan), chief of laboratory Ibragimov Abdirasuli Abdikarimovich, Scientific research institute of mechanization and agriculture electrification (Republic of Uzbekistan), researcher
E-mail: dbirasul_82@mail.ru
COMBINED AGGREGATE FOR SEWS OF GRAIN
Abstract: The article contains information on a combined unit developed at the Institute for the Simulation of Soil, for simultaneous cultivation of soil and ordinary sowing of cereals in the inter-row of cotton and in open areas.
Keywords: combined unit, inter-row soil cultivation, sowing, cereals, test results.
Караханов Асомидин, научно-исследовательский институт механизации и электрификации сельского хозяйства (Республика Узбекистан), руководитель лаборатория Ибрагимов Абдирасули Абдикаримович, научно-исследовательский институт механизации и электрификации сельского хозяйства (Республика Узбекистан), научный сотрудник E-mail: аbirasul_82@mail.ru
КОМБИНИРОВАННЫЙ АГРЕГАТ ДЛЯ СЕВА ЗЕРНОВЫХ
Аннотация: В статье приведены сведения о комбинированном агрегате, разработанном в ИМЭСХ, для одновременной обработки почвы и рядового сева зерновых в междурядья хлопчатника и на открытых площадях.
Ключевые слова: комбинированный агрегат, междурядная обработка почвы, посев, зерновые культуры, результаты испытаний.
Growing of grain in our country is one of the main directions of agricultural production. At present, the bulk of grains in our country is being planted in the cotton fields. However, due to the lack of a special machine, NRU-0.5 type fertilizer utensils, customized cottonseed cultivators and other devices are used. In this case, the seeds are not sprouted and planted in a series of cotton fields, and are not buried in demand depths, that is, 25 to 30 percent of seed planted seeds fall below the set depth and 10 to 12 percent fall on the soil surface. Seeds falling deeper than demand are rotten, and birds eat on the sur-
face. As a result, the number of seedlings in each hectare decreases by 20-25%. In addition, these operations are performed individually, although it may be possible to process the cotton fields and process wheat in one unit.
It is also important to note that the preparation of seeds for the sowing ofcotton does not satisfy the requirements. When seeds are sown in well-grounded areas, seeds do not fall into the same depth. Secondly, 20 to 30 percent of the seeds will remain on the softened protective zone under the heifer. Thirdly, the seeds sown in rhizome areas are mixed with soil, not mixing with 30-40% of soil [1, 2].
Section 11. Technical science
To eliminate the above shortcomings, a combined aggregate has been developed by scientists of the Institute of Mechanization and Electrification of Agriculture to produce a single row of cotton in the range of cotton fields (Figure 1).
Combined aggregate consists of center, right and left front rack mounted on the front of the tractor and auger rack mounted on the mounting mechanism. The front rods of the aggregate include workgroups for processing
cotton, forage bins, cork bins, rolling pallets, pushbuttons, seeders and sowing machines and disk drives.
In 2014, an experimental party of the aggregate aggregate was developed at the Agregat Plant joint stock company and was tested at a large scale and in 2016, the State Center for Agricultural Technology and Technology Certification and Testing in Uzbekistan [3]. The results of the tests are given in the table. Figure 2 shows the appearance of seedlings in the field planted with this aggregate.
Figure 1. Working appearance of a combined aggregate Table 1.- Results of the first state tests of combined aggregate (Act No. 15-2016)
№ The name of the display The value of the display
according to agrotech-nical require-ments Experimental results
I-experience (open spaces) II-experiment (between cotton series)
1. Planting time 15.10.2016 y. 26.10.2016 y.
2. Aggregate speed, km / h 7-10 (5.4-7.2)* 5.7 7.8
3. Sowing norm, kg / ha mounted in practice 60-260 233 217
4. Deterioration of the applied rate,% no more than 10 6.8
5. Depth of planting seeds, cm: average sowing depth, cm, mean square quadrature, ± cm, Variation coefficient^ 3-5(2-6)* 2.28 0.25 11 4.68 0.26 5.56
6. the specified planting depth and the amount of seeds found in the adjacent one centimeter,% at least 80 100 100
7. he thickness of seedlings in the 1 m2 area, pcs 413 371
8. nterval between lines, cm (15 ± 2)* 14 14
* - according to the initial requirements to the combined aggregate with the sowing of cotton in one row and the grain
Combined aggregate has been awarded the "Best Innovative Development in Agriculture" nomination at the VIII Republican Fair of Innovative Ideas, Technologies and Projects, held on May 19-21, 2015, and was awarded the "Certificate of Honor" by the Cabinet of Ministers of the Republic of Uzbekistan.
As can be seen from the information above, all indicators were tested at the initial level when the combined aggregate was tested between an open field and a row of
cotton. That is, when the aggregate motion velocity in open areas is 5.7 km / h, the sowing depth of the seeds and their average squared elongation are 2.28 and 0.25 cm respectively, and the aggregate velocity of the seeds is 7.8 km / h The indicators were respectively 4.68 and 0.26 cm. The designated planting depth and the amount of seeds found in an area adjacent to it were 100 per cent between open pits and cotton fields.
Thanks to the application of a combined aggregate, the seedlings, fuel consumption and other costs are reduced, and the yield of the grain increases as a result of the sowing of the cotton seeds together and sowing the grain in the same depths. This combined aggregate is
Figure 2. The appearance of sown wheat seeds
protected by patents of FAP № 00922 of the Intellectual Property Agency of the Republic of Uzbekistan, "Grain Batching Aggregation" and FAP № 01159 "Growing Aggregation for Cotton Fields".
References:
1. Siddikov R. Everyone has a handicraft // The Village Life newspaper. - Tashkent, -2017.- No. 100 (8807). - 3 p.
2. Qorakhonov A., Ibragimov A. Combined aggregate grain harvesting unit // Uzbekistan Agriculture. - Tashkent, -2015.- No. 10. - 37 p.
3. The test report of the combined unit SZH-3,6 for simultaneous processing and sowing of cereals in the inter-row cotton development of the Research Institute of Mechanization and Electrification of Agriculture // UzSCCTATT.- Gulbakhor,- 2016.- No. 15.- 2016.- 29 p.
