CC BY
4
ОСНОВНОЙ РАЗДЕЛ
УДК 37.013.2
Ateyba L.L.
The 3rd course student Abkhazian State University Sukhum, Republic of Abkhazia ABKHAZIAN UPBRINGING
Abstract: Within the study course "Ethnopedagogical traditions of the Abkhaz folk upbringing" the article discusses the way parents brought their children up and the author claims that in this process relatives, neighbours were involved in Abkhazia of the past. It is observed that some customs and traditions of ethnic upbringing still remain popular in the Republic.
Keywords: Abkhazia, Abkhazian people, the Republic of Abkhazia, folk upbringing, parents, children and relatives.
In this report, we will focus on an extremely important and significant feature of the Abkhazian people. It is parenting "representing not only the concern and care for their own offspring, but also the transfer of critical knowledge that contributes to the national mindset, character and is the basis of the Abkhazian national identity" [5, pp. 17].
Popular wisdom says: "Upbringing of the person is worth a whole person". "The most important place in the upbringing of children occupies "Apsuara" "Apsuara" includes the features of the ideal personality. It is the honor and conscience, courage and benevolence, hospitality and deference for elders, lowliness and patience" [2].
Moral training of children took place in the family and in society. "The importance of being brought up according to the Abkhazian traditions was obvious for all members of society" [1, pp. 197].
"Teachers were not only parents, but any adult. The oldest whether he was a relative, neighbor or stranger had the right to make a comment for any misconduct" [3].
Our informant is a resident of the village Barmish 85 years old Bazba Arda Medzhitovna.
"We were taught to respect elders since childhood. We could not afford to rise our eyes and look directly at the man, who was older us at least for a couple of years. We were shy to speak in front of elders and no one had the right to interrupt. It was impossible to walk through between people, who were talking.
I had 3 sisters and 5 brothers. We were all equal in front of parents, but everyone knew his place. To say that we were scolded by our brothers would be a mistake, we were afraid of their gaze. I do not remember at least one moment, when any of the brothers had ever raised his voice. We were not taught to behave like this. We have carried through the whole life, that closer than family nobody
could be.
In those difficult time, when everyone had difficulties, we knew that to survive and to go forward we could only together. Drawing a parallel between the years of my youth and what I see now, those traditions and cultures which we adhered have sunk into the past.
We could not afford the luxury to sit down in the presence of guests. Our main task was to monitor the table. We came only in the moments of toast.
I thank my parents for all that they explained us and invested in us. We were not forced to learn these all. They gave us to understand that it is necessary for ourselves. We did everything to make our future better.
The father was for us an example of wisdom and courage and mother was a homemaker and a faithful companion. It is not surprising, that we became people, who met the expectation of our parents. They did not blush for us.
Of course, as everyone, we have all made mistakes and missteps, but one remained unchanged - we kept up our culture "apsuara".
One thing I can say for sure is that a person who brings up in the atmosphere of kindness and understanding absorbs more of what you want than the one whom it is explained by increased tone. Each brings up his child as he wants, and no one has the right to judge him. I am grateful to my parents for love that bordered with austerity. They taught us that the ability to find ways for resolving any kind of conflict was very important. I managed to invest in my children that was invested in me. As people say "times change", but one thing I can say without doubt is that they met my expectations too".
"Family is a school where more than anywhere else it is possible to grow up moral people" [2].
"Modern Abkhazian family largely continues to keep the traditional way of life, although time makes changes in life" [4].
Also our informant is a resident of Gagra 45 years old Saparidze Marina Alekseevna.
"I was born in a loving and friendly family, where all members of family respected and listened each other. We were a family of three children. I had two brothers. We were brought up strictly. But we did everything together. The last word always remained for the head of the family, that was our father.
We had a very wise and kind great-grandmother. Her stories were always instructive. She taught us to respect for our elders, but the most important thing was to respect each other. We always listened to her attentively and with interest. I always consulted with my mother. I was sure she will give me the correct advice. I always helped my mother in all household chores.
Relationship with the brother was very well. We treated each other with love. I could always turn to them for help and they never refused.
Parents tried not to restrict us in anything. If we did something wrong, our parents did not abuse us, they explained that we were wrong.
I try to bring up my children as well as I was brought up. I invest in them all that was put in me by my parents".
"Hardly anyone will argue with the fact that modern parenting is very different. Information technologies and the internet are often replaced books and textbooks. But children, like in the last century want to be needed and loved by their parents" [3].
References:
1. Ankvab M. Importance of national pedagogy of Abkhazians in the upbringing function of a family // International Scientific Review. 2016. № 2 (12). С. 194199.
2. Khashig N.Ch. Apsuara, Sukhum, 1994.
3. Kuprava A.E. Questions of traditional culture Abkhazian people - Sukhum 2008.
4. Soloveva L. Family and family's tradition in modern Abkhazia.
5. Анкваб М.Ф. Этнопедагогические традиции абхазского народного воспитания: Учебно-методическое пособие. / Москва, 2016. (3-е издание).
УДК 001
Azimov A.M. Andijan state medical Institute Teacher of the department of social and humanitarian sciences
Uzbekistan, the city of Andijan
Азимов А.М. преподаватель кафедра «Социально-гуманитарные науки» Андижанский государственный медицинский институт
Узбекистан, г. Андижан DIALECTICAL LAWS AND PRINCIPLES AS THE BASIS OF
SCIENTIFIC KNOWLEDGE Abstract: In this article, we reflect on dialectic laws and principles Key words: dialectics, science, category, phenomenon, principle
ДИАЛЕКТИЧЕСКИЕ ЗАКОНЫ И ПРИНЦИПЫ КАК ОСНОВАНИЯ НАУЧНОГО ПОЗНАНИЯ Аннотация: В этой статье мы рассматриваем диалектические законы и принципы.
Ключевые слова: диалектика, наука, категория, феномен, принцип Dialectics as a holistic doctrine of the method of cognition, which arose within the framework of philosophy, is the most important world outlook foundation of modern science. Dialectical way of cognition consists in recreating the image of the whole from parts and elements through logical synthesis, establishing connections and interactions of various aspects of the object, studying the subject in development, from the point of view of its formation and subsequent change.
The first law defines the categories of quality, quantity and measure.
