Заметки по таксономии рода Lispe (Diptera, Muscidae). Разделы 1-9 Текст научной статьи по специальности «Биологические науки»

/\РК_I © Амурский зоологический журнал. VI(2), 2014.147-170 | Accepted: 9.05.2014

УДК 595.773.4 | © Amurian zoological journal. VI(2), 2014.147-170 | Published: 30.06.2014

TAXONOMIC NOTES ON LISPE (DIPTERA, MUSCIDAE). PARTS 1-9

N. E. Vikhrev

[Вихрев Н.Е. Заметки по таксономии рода Lispe (Diptera, Muscidae). Разделы 1-9]

Zoological Museum of Moscow University, Bolshaya Nikitskaya 6, Moscow 125009, Russia. E-mail: nikita6510@ya.ru Зоологический музей, Московский государственный университет им. М.В. Ломоносова, Большая Никитская ул., 6, Москва 125009, Россия. E-mail: nikita6510@ya.ru

Key words: Diptera, Muscidae, Lispe, new species, new synonym, taxonomy

Ключевые слова: Diptera, Muscidae, Lispe, новые виды, новые синонимы, систематика

Summary. The world fauna of the Lispe leucospila group, L. tentaculata group, L. nivalis group, L. scalaris group, L. nana species complex, L. kowarzi species complex, L. desjardinsii group and L. longicollis group are considered. Five new species L. medvedevi sp. nov., L. tomkovichi sp. nov., L. martirei sp. nov., L. triangularis sp. nov. and L. dmitryi sp. nov.; one subspecies L. fulvitarsus asiatica ssp. nov. and hitherto unknown males of Lispe nubilipennis Loew, 1873 and Lispe flavipes Stein, 1913 are described. Eight new synonymies are proposed: Lispe leucospila (Wiedemann, 1830) = Lispe eidsvoldica Malloch, 1925, syn. nov.; Lispe irvingi Curran, 1937 = Lispe mapaiensis Paterson, 1953, syn. nov. = Lispe andrewi Paterson, 1953, syn. nov.; Lispepectinipes Becker, 1903 = Lispeparaspila Zielke, 1972, syn. nov.; Lispe tentaculata (De Geer, 1776) = Lispe alpinicola Zhong, Wu & Fan, 1981 syn. nov.; L. scalaris scalaris Loew, 1847 = Lispe scalaris ssp. maroccana Canzoneri & Meneghini, 1966, syn. nov.; Lispe Latreille, 1796 = Lispacoenosia Snyder, 1949, syn. nov.; Lispe fulvitarsus (Snyder, 1949) comb. nov. = Lispe asetopleura Vikhrev, 2012 syn. nov. The identification keys for considered species groups, species complexes and proposed here L. tentaculata supergroup are given. Резюме. Рассмотрена мировая фауна групп видов Lispe leucospila, L. tentaculata, L. nivalis, L. scalaris, L. desjardinsii group и L. longicollis, видовых комплексов L. nana, L. kowarzi. Описано 5 новых видов: L. medvedevi sp. nov., L. tomkovichi sp. nov., L. martirei sp. nov., L. triangularis sp. nov. и L. dmitryi sp. nov.; 1 подвид: L. fulvitarsus asiatica ssp. nov. Также дано описание неизвестных до настоящего времени самцов Lispe nubilipennis Loew, 1873 и Lispe flavipes Stein, 1913. Предложено 8 новых синонимов: Lispe leucospila (Wiedemann, 1830) = Lispe eidsvoldica Malloch, 1925, syn. nov.; Lispe irvingi Curran, 1937 = Lispe mapaiensis Paterson, 1953, syn. nov. = Lispe andrewi Paterson, 1953, syn. nov.; Lispe pectinipes Becker, 1903 = Lispe paraspila Zielke, 1972, syn. nov.; Lispe tentaculata (De Geer, 1776) = Lispe alpinicola Zhong, Wu & Fan, 1981 syn. nov.; L. scalaris scalaris Loew, 1847 = Lispe scalaris ssp. maroccana Canzoneri & Meneghini, 1966, syn. nov.; Lispe Latreille, 1796 = Lispacoenosia Snyder, 1949, syn. nov.; Lispe fulvitarsus (Snyder, 1949) comb. nov. = Lispe asetopleura Vikhrev, 2012 syn. nov. Даны определительные ключи для всех рассмотренных групп видов и видовых комплексов, а также для предложенной в статье супергруппы L. tentaculata.

INTRODUCTION

There are probably some 200 species of Lispe Latreille 1796 worldwide. The genus seems to have originated from the southern part of the Palaearctic region, since it shows the most impressive diversity in warm zone of Asia and Africa. The subsequent Lispe settlement in warm and dry Australia also led to a significant diversity, the settlement of America probably took place via the Bering land bridge only and hence the diversity of Lispe in America is less. Lispe have successfully colonized most of the islands including the remote ones, the only large territory where Lispe is totally absent is New Zeland.

The division of the large genus Lispe into 3 species-groups was first proposed by Snyder [1954] for Nearctic fauna. Hennig [1960] in his work on Palaearctic Muscidae divided the Holarctic fauna of Lispe into 6 species-groups and several species with unclear relationship. Other publications were devoted to the fauna of Lispe of smaller regions or countries,

and authors did not try to consider the taxonomy of the whole genus or the large part of it. This method of approaching is rather pragmatic: it allows to provide easier identification keys by excluding species not recorded from a certain territory. On the other hand the efficiency of such regional approach depends on our knowledge of species ranges which is often very limited and incomplete. I am trying to consider the world fauna of Lispe and for this reason I came back to the taxonomic approach of considering the genus instead of the territorial one. Anyway a different point of view is often helpful. In this paper I review the World fauna of Lispe from 6 species-groups with 3 and more species each and 2 species complexes with 2-3 species each. The L. leucospila group was previously considered by Vikhrev [2011a]; the L. tentaculata group - by Snyder [1954], Hennig [1960] and Vikhrev [2011b]; the L. nivalis group - by Vikhrev [2012b]; the L. scalaris group - by Hennig [1960] and Vikhrev [2012a]; the L. kowarzi species complex - by Vikhrev [2012b]; the L. longicollis group - by

Hennig [1960] and Vikhrev [2012c]. The L. desjar-dinsii group, L. nana species complex and L. tentacu-lata supergroup are proposed in the present study for the first time. Thus the paper is divided into 9 parts.

MATERIAL AND METHODS

The majority of the specimens studied are stored in the Zoological Museum of Moscow University, Russia (ZMUM); in this case specimen attribution is not indicated in the text. Other collections are abbreviated as follows:

ANIC - Australian National Insect Collection, Canberra, Australia.

DEI - Senckenberg Deutsches Entomologisches Institut, Müncheberg, Germany. TAUI - Tel-Aviv University, Israel. ZIN - Zoological Institute, St. Petersburg, Russia. ZMHU - Museum für Naturkunde, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Germany.

The collectors' names are abbreviated as follows: KT - Konstantin Tomkovich, NV - Nikita Vikhrev. Localities (where possible) are given as follows: country, region, geographical coordinates, the last are given in the Decimal Degrees format.

The following abbreviations for morphological structures are used: f1, t1, f2, t2, f3, t3 = fore-, mid-, hind- femur or tibia; ac = acrostichal setae; dc = dor-socentral setae; a, p, d, v = anterior, posterior, dorsal, ventral seta(e); prst - presutural, post - postsutural. The abbreviation for the tarsi as tar followed by a pair of digits separated by a hyphen was proposed by Vikhrev (2011b): the first digit (1 to 3) gives the leg number and the second digit (1 to 5) the number of the tarsal segment. For example, tar2-4 = 4th segment of mid tarsus; tar3-1 = hind basitarsus.

Synonymies are listed only for the species to which the new synonymies are considered, for full lists of synonymies see regional Diptera Catalogues: Pont [1977], Pont [1980], Pont [1986], Pont [2012a]. Illustrations are original unless otherwise indicated.

1. Lispe leucospila species-group

Notes on the L. leucospila group. Species of the Lispe leucospila species-group have the following set of characters: palpi relatively narrow; t1 with strong p seta; t2 with 1 pd; t3 with 1 ad, 1(2) av (indistinct among dense setulae in L. irvingi Curran, 1937) and a row ofpv setulae in apical half of t3 in males; anterior prst dc absent, dc 1+3(4) (strong + weak, (weak), strong, strong); sternite 5 with weak sclerotization; cerci long, halves of cercal plate widely divided, conjoined at the very base only. Ecologically they differ from most other Lispe: their typical habitats are grassy lawns being seasonally or artificially watered, or similar natural habitats, usually secondary sites with short or sparse grass and moderately wet soil.

The taxonomy of the nominative species L. leucospila (Wiedemann, 1830) was recently considered by Vikhrev [2011a] and here I allow myself to repeat this rather complicated problem. Stein [1913: 549] examined one of syntypes of L. leucospila (Wiedemann, 1830) and found it conspecific with African specimens of Lispe pectinipes Becker, 1903 due to the presence of 3 dark vittae on scutum of which the median one extends on scutellum. Based on Stein's opinion Hennig [1960: 439] came to a conclusion that the vast majority of the available material belongs to the same widespread species hereinafter referred to as L. leucospila (Wiedemann, 1830) sensu Hennig. Hennig examined the type material of Lispe pec-tinipes Becker, 1903, Lispe cochlearia Becker, 1904 and Lispe mixticia Seguy, 1941 and found them con-specific and synonymized these species to L. leucospila (Wiedemann, 1830) sensu Hennig. He also revealed 3 female specimens from S-E China differing from others and described them as the new subspecies Lispe leucospila sinica Hennig, 1960. L. leucospila sinica Hennig, 1960 differs from L. leucospila (Wiedemann, 1830) sensu Hennig as follows: mostly brown and shining scutum; abdomen mostly shining black with abdominal lateral grey vittae reduced to a small paired whitish spots; wing darkened as in col. pl. I: 1-2. Later on Pont [1986] elevated the status of L. leucospila sinica Hennig, 1960 to a valid species level, Lispe sinica Hennig, 1960. But later Lyneborg [1970] examined the type material of L. pectinipes Becker, 1903 (1$ and 2$ syntypes from totally 10$ and 10$ in the type series which I also examined and found homogeneous) and L. leucospila (Wiedemann, 1830) (the entire type series of 1$ and 2$ syntypes) and found that terminalia of the male syntype of L. pectinipes (designated as lectotype by [Lyneborg, 1970: 43]) were similar to the Hennig's drawing given for L. leucospila (Wiedemann, 1830) sensu Hennig [Hennig, 1960: plate XX, Fig. 399 and Textfig. 154], but the terminalia of the male syntype of L. leucospila (Wiedemann, 1830) (designated as lectotype by [Lyneborg, 1970: 44]) were different. So, Lyneborg restored L. pectinipes Becker, 1903 as a valid species. Lyneborg identified his material belonging to the Lispe leucospila species-group from Spain and Algeria as L. pectinipes. Pont [1991] examined the L. leucospila group material from Arabian Peninsula. Again, no specimen with male terminalia fitting the lectotype of L. leucospila (Wiedemann, 1830) was recorded at all and the majority of specimens was identified as L. pectinipes Becker, 1903 (1$ and 2$ named by Pont as "Lispe sp. of leucospila group" actually belong to Lispe maculata Stein, 1913 (see the cercal plate given by [Pont, 1991: 354, fig. 18] and col. pl. I: 10 in this paper). Meanwhile Asian authors still used the name L. leucospila (Wi-

edemann, 1830) in the sense of Hennig; another species from this group recorded from E Asia was identified as L. sinica Hennig, 1960 [Xue & Zhang, 2005]. So, the main question was: what is L. leucospila (Wiedemann, 1830) apart from Wiedemann's syntypes?

Vikhrev [2011a] examined a rich materal ofL. pectinipes collected from the Canary Islands to Taiwan and quite a good material identified as L. sinica. It was found that the cerci and abdominal pattern of L. sinica are similar to that of L. leucospila reported by Lyneborg [1970], and that the characteristic wing darkening of L. sinica is a variable character (see discussion below in: Synonymies: L. eidsvoldica). In that work I came to the conclusion that the less common species was described in the early 19th century as Lispe leucospila (Wiedemann, 1830) = Lispe sinica Hennig, 1960, while a more common and widespread species was described in the 20th century as L. pectinipes Becker, 1903 = L. leucospila (Wiedemann, 1830) sensu Hennig = L. leucospila (Wiedemann, 1830) in the sense of Asian authors. Thus the situation with the L. leucospila group in the Palaearctic and Oriental regions was clarified and turned out to be rather plain, for only 2 species are present there. The same two species are listed for Australia (and Oceania) by Pont [2012a], but L. leucospila is included due to uncertain type locality "Ostindien" and L. pectinipes was recorded for Hawaiian Isl. (probably invasive). Recently I have examined Australian material in ANIC. The L. leucospila group is represented in Australia by Lispe eidsvoldica Malloch, 1925, but this spesies is synonymized with L. leucospila below.

Meanwhile the situation in the Afrotropical region remained uncertain, a total of 9 species from the L. leucospila group was listed from this area [Pont, 1980; Pont, 1991]: L. afra Curran, 1937, L. andrewi Pater-son, 1953, L. irvingi Curran, 1937, L. lateralis Stein, 1906, L. leucospila (Wiedemann, 1830), L. maculata Stein, 1913, L. mapaiensis Paterson, 1953, L. para-spila Zielke, 1972 and L. pectinipes Becker, 1903. L. leucospila is an East Asian species, and according to Vikhrev [2011a] its records from the Afrotropi-cal region should be regarded as misidentification of L. pectinipes. L. lateralis Stein, 1906 was regarded [Stein, 1913] as a synonym ofL. leucospila and therefore this name is a synonym of L. pectinipes. L. afra Curran, 1937 was described from a single female ho-lotype [Curran, 1937] which was not a good idea at all, especially in the L. leucospila group. Fortunately this doubtful species was synonymized with L. irvingi by Paterson [1953]. Recently I had a possibility to examine rather representative Afrotropical material and now I would like to offer my point of view on the remaining 6 African species of the L. leucospila group: 3 species I regard as new synonyms, an identification key is offered and the structure of the cerci for the

remaining 3 species is illustrated.

It is well possible that the world fauna of the L. leucospila group is limited to 4 species considered in this paper. The group is not known from the Nearc-tic or Neotropical regions.

Synonymies. Four species of the Lispe leucospila group listed above may be reliably distinguished at least in males by a set of characters including the t3 chaetotaxy, structure of cerci, scutal and abdominal patterns. The scutal and abdominal patterns are useful in dividing L. leucospila and L. maculata (disc of scutum mostly glossy black; abdomen glossy black, with only small isolated whitish spots) from L. pectinipes and L. irvingi respectively (disc of scutum mostly grey dusted; abdomen with wide uninterrupted lateral grey stripes). But the details of scutal and abdominal patterns are subject to variation and I am convinced that these details are not the characters the description of the new species may be based on. Minor variations of the scutal and abdominal patterns do not correlate with other characters. Most species were described from very limited material, while examination of more representative series do not confirm their validity. For this reason I regard the following species as synonyms.

Lispe paraspila Zielke, 1972 (type locality: Madagascar, Mont. d'Ambre, «12.5S 49.2E). The chae-totaxy of t3 and the drawing of cerci [Zielke, 1972: 149, fig. 2] fit L. pectinipes (col. pl. I: 6). According to [Zielke, 1972: 149] L. paraspila is said to differ from L. pectinipes by "dark mesonotum with brownish pol-linosity" only. Such dirty-brownish scutum is not rare in aged specimens ofL. pectinipes. So, Lispe pectinipes Becker, 1903 = Lispe paraspila Zielke, 1972 syn. nov.

Lispe mapaiensis Paterson, 1953 (type locality: [Mozambique], Mapai, »22.8S 32.0E), has the chae-totaxy of t3 and the shape of the cercal plate similar to those of Lispe irvingi Curran, 1937 ([Paterson, 1953: 168-174 and fig. 19] and col. pl. I: 7, 8 of this paper). L. mapaiensis was described as a species with median and submedian thoracic vittae distinct and wide. The comparison of male cerci of specimens from Kenya (with the scutal pattern less distinct, that is L. pectinipes-like) and specimens from Tanzania (with the more distinct, L. mapaiensis-like scutal pattern) shows no reason to regard them as different species. So, Lispe irvingi Curran, 1937 = Lispe mapaiensis Paterson, 1953 syn. nov.

Lispe andrewi Paterson, 1953 (type locality: South Africa, Zoutpansberg, »23.0S 29.9E) was described on base of a more extensive black pattern on ter-gite 4 (tergite 3 in original description) and the cerci broader than in L. irvingi (but the drawing of cerci was not given). In fact, the extensity of the black area on tergite 4 is variable in details; while the cerci may look somewhat broader or narrower depending on the point of view. So, Lispe irvingi Curran, 1937 = Lispe

andrewi Paterson, 1953 syn. nov.

Lispe eidsvoldica Malloch, 1925 (type locality: Australia, QLD, Eidsvols, ^25.37S 151.12E). Vikhrev [2011a] reported that the wing darkening in L. leucospila is actually a variable character. I supposed that the wing darkening is usually distinct in freshly emerged specimens and indistinct in aged ones as shown on col. pl. I: 1-2 with a fresh female from Thailand and an aged one from India. I also supposed that the instability of the wing pattern leads to similar effects in aged specimens and in those collected long ago, that is why Stein or Lyneborg could not find the wing darkening in 100-150 year old syntypes of L. leucospila. Presently I am inclined to regard the Indian origin of the specimen rather than its age as the cause of this situation. Specimens of L. leucospila collected in the end of rainy season in Gujarat state of India (the westernmost known locality) have very weak wing darkening too. Also Indian specimens have the 2nd proepisternal seta distinct, although weak. Again, in its easternmost area of distribution in Australia L. leucospila (as L. eidsvoldica) has wing darkening absent or indistinct and stronger 2nd pro-episternal seta, otherwise L. eidsvoldica is similar to L. leucospila including the male genitalia. So, Lispe leucospila (Wiedemann, 1830) = Lispe eidsvoldica Malloch, 1925 syn. nov.

Lispe irvingi Curran, 1937 Col. pl. I: 4, 7, 8

Lispe afra Curran, 1937: Paterson, 1953: 174. Lispe mapaiensis Paterson, 1953: 171, syn. nov. Lispe andrewi Paterson, 1953: 169, syn. nov. Material examined:

Botswana, S Distr, Kanye, 24.95S 25.34E, 1270 m asl, 28-30.01.2013, A.Medvedev, 8$, 12$. Kenya: Makueni Co., Hunters Lodge, 900 m asl, 2.214S 37.714E, 08.08.2003, S.Kleynberg, 2$; Narok Co., Mara R. (about 1.7S 35.4E, 1800 m asl), 03.06.1986, D.Gerling, 1$ (TAUI). Madagascar, Anosy reg., 50km W of Fort Dauphin (Tolanaro env., 25.0S 46.5E), 22.04.1991, F.Kaplan & A.Freidberg, 1$, 2$ (TAUI). Tanzania: Pwani reg., Ruvu R., 6.48S 38.83E, 10-13.09.2012, D.Gavryushin, 6$, 5$; Morogoro reg., Ngerengere R., 6.83S 37.67E, 19.09.2012, D.Gavryushin, 1$.

Uganda: Mujenje, Aug.1913, Katona, 1$ (ZMHU); Masaka env., Katera forest [0.9S 31.5E], 1150 m asl, V.1972, E.Babyetagara, 1$ (Canadian National Collection, Ottawa).

Disrtibution. Afrotropical, including Madagascar.

Lispe leucospila (Wiedemann, 1830) Col. pl. I: 1, 2, 9

Coenosia leucospila Wiedemann, 1830.

Lispe leucospila sinica Hennig, 1960: 440. Lispe sinica Hennig, 1960: Pont, 1986. Lispe leucospila (Wiedemann, 1830): Lyneborg, 1970: 43, Figs 23, 24, 25.

Lispe leucospila (Wiedemann, 1830): Vikhrev, 2011a: 216, Figs 4, 6.

Lispe eidsvoldica Malloch, 1925, syn. nov. Material examined:

Paratypes Lispe leucospila sinica Hennig, 1960: 440, 2$ (ZIN). China, [Laoning prov.], Mukden [Shenyang, 41.8N 123.4E], 12.07.1952, I.Rubtsov. Australia: QLD: Dawson R. near Duaringa [23.76S 149.76E], 8.05.1970, Z.Liepa, 11$, 12$ (ANIC); Herberton env., [17.37S 145.43E], 1.05.1967, D.H.Colless, 5$, 5$ (ANIC); Townsville, Malaise trap, 18.01.2012, G.Cocks, 1$. NSW, Terry Hie Hie [29.8S 150.2E], M.J.Muller, 15.03-2.04.1974, 3$, 2$, 22-23.11. 1973, 2$, 1$ (ANIC). NT, Katherine env., 20.08.1973, L.P.Kelsey, 1$ (ANIC). ACT, [Canberra] Black Mount, 22.01.1968, D.H.Colless, 1$ (ANIC).

Cambodia: Kampot prov., Bokor Hill Station, 1000 m asl., 10.627N 104.026E, 08-10.12.2010, NV, 1$; Koh Kong prov., a wet grassland, 11.660N 103.097E, 29.11.2010, NV, 4$, 7$.

Thailand: Chonburi prov., Jomtien, 12.87N 100.90E, 1-30.11.2007-2009, NV, 3$, 6$; Kanchanaburi prov., Kanchanaburi, Kwai R., 14.030N 99.522E, 27-30.01.2014, NV, 1$; PhangNga prov., Khao Lak env., 8.65N 98.25E, 20.12.2010, NV, 1$. India: Goa state, Poinguinim, 14.97N 74.09E, 15.01.2009, KT, 1$; Gujarat state: Kothara env., 23.1N 68.9E, 5.10.2012, KT, 1$, 1$; Mandvi env., 22.821N 69.364E, 10-12.10.2012, KT, 1$; Rajast-han state, Dhawala (27.46N 76.54E), 02.03.2011, NV, 1$.

Disrtibution. East Asia and Australia. Distributed in a triangle: W India (Gujarat); Far East (China, Shenyang, « 41.8N 123.4E (type locality and the northernmost locality known) and Japan, Honshu); E Australia.

Lispe maculata Stein, 1913 Col. pl. I: 3, 10

Lispe sp. of leucospila group: Pont, 1990: 354, Figs. 18, 19 (Yemen, Aden, 1$, 2$). Material examined:

Syntype 1$ (ZMHU). [Zimbabwe], Salisbury, G.A.K.Marshall. L. maculata was described by 1$, 3$, but the remaining syntypes have not been found [Pont, Werner, 2006].

Ethiopia: Oromia reg.: Bale Mt., Goba, 2660 m asl, 7.025N 39.980E, 18.03.2012, NV, 1$, Ambo PPRC, 8.97N 37.86E, savannah, 01.11.2009, L.Rybalov, 1$; Debre Libanos, 2550 m asl, 9.732N 38.816E, 28.09.2005, L.Friedman, 1$, 2$ (TAUI); Debre Liba-

nos, 2500 m asl, 9.732N 38.816E, 29-30.07.2012, NV, 6$, 10$; Amhara reg., Tana Lake env., 1800 m asl, 11.54N 37.39E, 2-4.08.2012, NV, 2$, 1$. Kenya: Laikipia Co., Thomson Falls env., 0.05N 36.38E, 2350 m asl, 21-23.12.2013, NV, 4$; Nyan-darua Co.: Ol Bolosat L., 2330 m asl, 0.02N 36.40E, 24.11.2012, D.Gavryushin, 10$, 3$; Ol Bolosat L., 0.12S 36.43E, 2330 m asl, 20.12.2013, NV, 12$, 7$. Malawi, Northern reg., Mzimba env., 12.01S 33.66E, 25.12.2009, A.Freidberg, 1$ (TAUI). Uganda, Mujenje, Aug.1913, Katona, 3$ (ZMHU). Distribution. Afrotropical: Ethiopia, Kenya, Malawi, Uganda, Yemen, Zimbabwe (type locality, Harare, 17.8S 31.0E). According to my observations this species prefers higher altitudes and colder (rainy) season than L. pectinipes.

Lispe pectinipes Becker, 1903 Col. pl. I: 5, 6

Lispe cochlearia Becker, 1904. Lispe mixticia Seguy, 1941.

Lispe leucospila (Wiedemann, 1830): Hennig 1960: 440, Taf. XX, 399 and Textfig. 154, misidentification. Lispe leucospila (Wiedemann, 1830): Xue & Zhang, 2005:122.

Lispe leucospila (Wiedemann, 1830): Paterson, 1953: 168, misidentification.

Lispe pectinipes Becker, 1903: Lyneborg, 1970: 43, Figs. 20, 21, 22.

Lispe pectinipes Becker, 1903: Vikhrev, 2011a: 216, Fig. 5.

Lispe lateralis Stein, 1906. Regarded as a synonym of L. leucospila [Pont & Werner, 2006], but is a synonym of L. pectinipes. Lispe paraspila Zielke, 1972: 149, syn. nov. Material examined:

Lectotype 1$ (des. Lyneborg, 1970: 43) and para-lectotypes 9$, 10$ (ZMHU). [Egypt] Cairo [14.114.12.1898].

Holotype Lispe lateralis Stein, 1906 1$ (ZMHU). [Mozambique], Delagoabai, R. Monteiro. Syntype Lispe cochlearia Becker, 1904, 1$ (ZMHU). [Canary] La Palma [Isl. 8-16.04.1901]. Palaearctic and Oriental regions: 170 specimens from: Algeria, Azerbaijan (Lenkoran), Egypt (Cairo, Luxor), Greece (Crete), India (Andhra Pradesh, Assam, Goa, Gujarat, Rajasthan), Indonesia (Java), Israel, Morocco (Essaouira), Malaysia (Borneo Sabah), Russia (Krasnodar), Spain (Canary), Sri Lanka, Taiwan, Turkey (Antalia, Aydin, Hatay, Izmir, Konya, Mugla), Thailand (Chonburi, Chantaburi, Kanchanaburi, Mae Hong Son, Phang Nga) (ZMUM and ZMHU). Afrotropical region:

Ethiopia: Amhara reg.: Blue Nile R., 1070 m asl, 10.08N 38.19E, 31.07.2012, NV, 3$, 3$; Tana Lake env., 1800 m asl, 11.54N 37.39E, 2-4.08.2012, NV,

5$, 1$; Tissisat env., 1670 m asl, 11.488N 37.595E, 02.08.2012 NV, 1$, 1$; Hayk L., 1920 m asl, 11.325N 39.688E, 06.08.2012, NV, 3$; Oromia reg.: Bale Mt., Goba, 2660 m asl, 7.025N 39.980E, 18.03.2012, NV, 1$; Melkasa env., 8.43N 39.32E, 22.09.2003, A.Freidberg, 1$ (TAUI); Debre Zeit, Hora L., 1900 m asl, 8.757N 38.993E, 10.07.2012, NV, 8$, 1$. Kenya: Makueni Co., Hunters Lodge, 900 m asl, 2.214S 37.714E, 08.08.2003, S.Kleynberg, 2$, 1$; Simba, 2.15S 37.60E, 18.08.2005, L.Friedman, 1$; Narok Co., Mara R. (about 1.7S 35.4E, 1800 m asl), 03.06.1986, D.Gerling, 1$; Nakuru Co., Gilgil (0.5S 36.3E, 1950 m asl), 24.08.2003, L.Friedman, 1$; Laikipia Co., 50km S of Maralal (0.7N 36.6E, 1800 m asl), 21.08.1983, A.Freidberg, 1$ (all TAUI). [Namibia]: South Africa, Windhoek, [22.6S 17.1E], 22.01.1988, D.Simon, 3 $, 1$ (TAUI). Yemen: Taiz, [13.57N 44.01E], banana plantation, 24.01.1975, Sakharova, 1$.

Distribution. Afrotropical from Ethiopia to Namibia and Madagascar. Palaearctic from Morocco and Canary to China. The northernmost locality known -Russia, Krasnodar reg., Sochi, 43.42N 39.93E. Oriental from India to Sunda Islands.

Identification key for the Lispe leucospila group from the Palaearctic and Oriental regions and Australia, $ and $

- $$: Disc of scutum densely dusted, with rather narrow brown median vitta from neck to tip of scutellum, submedian vittae hardly distinct. Wing hyaline. Widespread in Palaearctic and Oriental regions, but absent in Australia. $: Cercal plate - col. pl. I: 6; t3 with 8-11 longerpv setae; abdomen dull black, with a wide lateral whitish-grey vitta uninterrupted (sometimes interrupted by a black stripe on posterior part of tergite 4). $: Abdomen densely grey dusted, only dorsally with black spots (col. pl. I: 5).............................................pectinipes Becker

- $$: Disc of scutum dusted only in lateral part, with wide, glossy black, distinct median and submedian vittae, disc of scutellum entirely glossy black. Wing darkened before apex: as in col. pl. I: 1 (E Asia) or 2 (India) or darkening indistinct (Australia). $: Cercal plate - col. pl. I: 9; t3 with 5-6 shorter pv setae; abdomen black with whitish-grey separated lateral spots. $: Abdomen entirely glossy black, only small paired whitish lateral spots present, see col. pl. I: 1-2 (these spots sometimes are reduced

up to a single pair on tergite 5 only) ......................

........................................... leucospila Wiedemann

Identification key for the Lispe leucospila group from the Afrotropical region, S and 9

1. Tibiae dark, only knees yellowish (in old and faded specimens tibiae may become yellowish). Abdo-

men glossy black, only small separated whitish dorso-lateral spots present as in col. pl. I: 3 (in females these spots sometimes are reduced to a single pair on tergite 5 only). Disc of scutum mostly glossy blackish, with three wide, glossy black median and submedian vittae, disc of scutellum entirely glossy black. Brown frontal triangle hardly distinct on brown-black interfrontalia. Body length 5-5.5 mm. t3 with 4-6 sparse and shortpv setae. Cer-cal plate - col. pl. I: 10...................maculata Stein

- Tibiae yellowish. Abdomen with wide grey lateral vittae (more or less interrupted only posterior part of tergites 4). Disc of scutum densely dusted, with brown median vitta from neck to tip of scutellum. Yellowish dusted frontal triangle distinct on dark interfrontalia. t3 with at least 8 longer pv setae ...............................................................................2

2. Prst dc seta situated at the middle of the presutural half of scutum; body length 4-5.5 mm. Cercal plate - col. pl. I: 6; t3 with strong av seta and with

8-11 fine pv setulae on apical half..........................

...................................................pectinipes Becker

- Prst dc seta situated in the posterior part of the presutural half of scutum; body length 5-6.5 mm. Cercal plate - col. pl. I: 7 and 8, with long lateral hairs; t3 without strong av seta, but apical half of av, v and pv surfaces with numerous long fine setulae ....................................................irvingi Curran

2. Lispe tentaculata species-group

Notes on the L. tentaculata group. The Lispe tentaculata group was reviewed by Vikhrev [2011b], but there are several reasons why I consider it here again. 1) After the revision Lispe emdeni Vikhrev, 2012 was described. The new species belongs to this group, it is included into the presented key which is modified as compared to that in Vikhrev [2011b]. 2) The new distributional data are being added. 3) Nearctic species of the L. tentaculata group were examined and discussed.

Hennig's [1960] distinction of the L. tentaculata group are based on wide palpi which are abruptly narrowed in the basal half; sternite 5 with 2 lateral and 1 median posterior processes; the leg chaetotaxy: t1 without p seta; t2 with 1 p seta only; t3 with strong ad and weak pd, without av. Hennig included 7 species in the L. tentaculata group: the Palaearctic L. consanguinea Loew, 1858, L. serici-palpis Stein, 1904 (= L. quaerens Villeneuve, 1936) and L. orientalis Wiedemann, 1824; Holarctic L. tentaculata (De Geer, 1776); Nearctic L. sociabilis Loew, 1862 and L. patellata Aldrich, 1913. I can add the following characters shared by these 7 species: arista long plumose; dc setae well developed 2+4 or 2+3 or 1+4; meron with hairs above hind coxa; fresh water habitats.

The species-groups of Lispe related to the L. tentaculata group are considered in Parts 3-5 and the relationship between them is discussed in Part 6 of the present paper.

2.1. The Old World

Lispe consanguinea Loew, 1858 Col. pl. I: 19

Material examined: over 200S and ?. New records in addition to localities listed in Vikhrev [2011b]: Belarus, Minsk region; Kazakhstan: Akmola, W. Kazakhstan regions; Russia: Bashkortostan, Buryatia, Jewish AO, Kaliningrad, Kaluga, Orenburg, Ryazan, Rostov, Saratov, Tver, Vladimir, Voronezh, Volgograd and Zabaykalsky regions; Uzbekistan, Tashkent region. Distribution. All Palaearctic between 62°N and 38°N, mainly sandy beaches of large rivers.

Lispe draperi Seguy, 1933 Col. pl. I: 15

Material examined: over 20 S and 9 from Morocco are listed in Vikhrev [2011b]. New material: Morocco: AlHaouz prov., Oukaimeden, 2600 m asl, 13-17.05.2012, NV, 6S, 1?; Essaouira prov., 2429.03.2009, NV, 11S, 4?; 1-5.05.2012, NV, 11S, 13?; Marrakech prov., 22-23.03.2009, NV, 2S, 6?; Ouarzazate prov., 12.05.2012, NV, 3S, 7?. Distribution. Algeria (type locality) and Morocco.

Lispe emdeni Vikhrev, 2012 Col. pl. I: 11, 12, 13, 14

Material examined:

Type series: S Holotype India, Rajasthan state, Jaipur env., 26.96N 75.85E, 21-22.03.2011, NV, 9S, 3?; Paratypes: 8S, 3?, same data as the holotype; 7S, 6?, Sawai Madhopur env., 26.02N 76.38E, 26.02.2011, NV; 3S, Madhya Pradesh state, Jubblepore (= Ja-balpur, »23.2N 79.9E), 03.05.1905, E.Brunetti (Natural History Museum, London, UK). New material: India, Gujarat state, Junagadh env., 21.526N 70.481E, forest stream millpond, 20-30.10.2012, KT,

6S, 5?.

Ethiopia, Amhara reg.: Tissisat env., 1670 m asl, 11.488N 37.595E, 02.08.2012 NV, 1S; Wirgesa env., 1950 m asl, 11.539N 39.609E, 06.08.2012, NV, 1S, 2?. Distribution. Known from Central India and Ethiopia. Remarks. All specimens were collected on big stones or rocks along rivers. The Ethiopian specimens differ from the type series by dark posterior tibiae and darker abdominal pattern, but certainly belong to the same species. One point in the description of L. emdeni (1-2 + 4 dc) has to be corrected. The comparison with related species like L. sericipalpis shows that hardly distinct (if present) anterior presutural pair of dorsocentrals should be for uniformity regarded as absent and dc should be described as 1+4 (weak + weak, weak, medium, strong).

Lispe orientalis Wiedemann, 1824

Material examined: about 200S and ?. New records in addition to those given in Vikhrev [2011b]: Egypt,

Sinai (TAUI); India: Assam, Meghalaya, Gujarat, Mizoram (TAUI) and Uttarakhand states; Indonesia, Java (ANIC); Israel, Eilat env. (TAUI); Sri Lanka, Nuwara Eliya; Turkey, Mugla prov.; Vietnam, Lao Cai prov.

Distribution. S Palaearctic from W Turkey (Izmir) to Rassian Far East (Primorsky Kray), the northernmost record Russia, Sochi env, 43.0°N. Oriental from India to Indonesia.

Lispe sericipalpis Stein, 1904

Lispe quaerens Villeneuve, 1936: Vikhrev, 2011b. Material examined: over 200$ and $. New records in addition to those given in Vikhrev [2011b]: China, Yunnan prov.; India: Meghalaya, Uttarakhand states; Israel, Meron Mt. (TAUI); Russia, Krasnodar reg., Vietnam, Lao Cai prov.

Distribution. S Palaearctic from Spain to China, the northernmost record Russia, Sochi env, 43.2°N. Oriental from India to Indonesia.

Lispe tentaculata (De Geer, 1776) Col. pl. I: 16, 18

Lispe tibialis Macquart, 1839: Pont, 2012: 93. Lispe alpinicola Zhong, Wu & Fan, 1981 syn. nov. Material examined: over 400 specimens from a vast territory from the Iberian to Kamchatka Peninsulas, see: [Vikhrev, 2011b], here only new and interesting records are listed.

Egypt, Sinai, Wadi El Arbain, 27.08.1975, Gerling, 4$, 2$ (TAUI).

Ethiopia: Amhara, Hayk L., 1920 m asl, 11.325N 39.688E, 06.08.2012, NV, 1$; Oromia: Debre Libanos, 2500 m asl, 9.732N 38.816E, 29-30.07.2012, NV, 1$; Debre Zeit, Hora L., 1900 m asl, 8.757N 38.993E, 10.08.2012, NV, 1$. Spain, Canary, Tenerife, Buenavista, temporary pool, 25-26.03.2011, NV, 7$, 5$. Distribution. Holarctic. The northern distributional limit of L. tentaculata, which is well beyond the Arctic Circle, was discussed in [Vikhrev, 2011b], and here I define more exactly the southern limit. In the highlands along the East African Rift L. tentaculata was collected during the rainy season in several localities, though it was a rather uncommon species throughout Ethiopia. Thus, L. tentaculata is now known from 69°N to 9°N, it is one of the most extended ranges among non-synanthropic species. No wonder that L. tentaculata was found also in Sinai, but it was not as expected in the Canary Islands. The archipelago is located 10 times nearer to Morocco (inhabited by L. draperi) than to the Iberian Peninsula inhabited by L. tentaculata. Specimens of L. tentaculata from Tenerife have the body and palpi darker than in typical form and were reasonably described as L. tentaculata var. canariensis Becker, 1904. Pont [2012b: 93]

noted that Lispe tibialis Macquart, 1839 described from Canary is a synonym of either L. tentaculata or L. draperi, thus, the answer is L. tentaculata. Synonymy. It is remarkable that the only species with aberrant leg chaetotaxy among the L. tentacu-lata group is L. tentaculata itself: t1 with 0 or 1 p; t2 with 1(2) p; t3 with 1-2(3) ad and 1(2) pd. Previously [Vikhrev 2011b] I expressed my doubts about validity of Lispe alpinicola Zhong, Wu & Fan, 1981 (type locality: China, Lhasa, 29.65N 91.14E, 3650 m asl) which differs by the presence of additional p setae on t1 and t2. Now my collection of L. tentaculata with additional seta(e) on tibiae is replenished, most of such specimens are collected in northern or mountain localities (note Tibetian type locality of L. alpinicola) and I think I have to take the responsibility to propose the synonymy: Lispe tentaculata (De Geer, 1776) = Lispe alpinicola Zhong, Wu & Fan, 1981 syn. nov.

Identification key for the L. tentaculata group from the Old World

1. dc 1+4, only posterior pair ofprst dc present, 2 anterior pairs of post dc weak to hardly distinct. Pre-sutural ac hairs weak and short, in 3-7 rows.......2

- dc 2+4 or 2+3, all strong (except L. consanguinea with 2 anterior pairs of post dc weak). Presutural ac hairs stronger, in 3-4 rows...............................4

2. Body length 4-4.5 mm; palpi yellow; prst ac in 3 rows; f3 with apical pv seta; occiput with black un-dusted area in upper part. $: col. pl. I: 11; fore tarsus modified as in col. pl. I: 14; terminalia - col. pl. I: 12, 13. India, Ethiopia...............emdeni Vikhrev

- body length 5-7 mm; palpi yellow or dark; prst ac in 4-7 rows; f3 apical pv setae; occiput evenly grey dusted. $ fore tarsus simple. S Palaearctic, North and mountain areas of Oriental region..................3

3. Body length 5-6 mm; palpi black; prst ac in 4-5 rows; $ terminalia - see: [Vikhrev, 2011b]; f3 with only 1 v seta at base....................sericipalpis Stein

- body length 6-7 mm; palpi yellow; prst ac in 6-7 rows; $ terminalia - see: [Vikhrev, 2011b]; f3 with complete (though rather irregular) rows of av and pv setae................................orientalis Wiedemann

4. f3 without strong submedian av seta(e); scutellum bare below at apex; dc 2+4(3), 2(1) anterior pairs of post dc weak (much weaker than 2 posterior pairs); t2 and t3 yellow. $: 2nd and 3rd post dc never approximated; median pruinose patch on scutum always absent. $: cercal plate - col. pl. I: 19............

...............................................consanguinea Loew

- f3 with 1-3 strong submedian av; scutellum with some fine hairs below at apex; $ dc 2+3, $ 2+4 dc, all dc strong, in $ 2nd and 3rd post dc approximated, a median pruinose patch at level of 2nd and 3rd post dc present (but sometimes $ has dc seta as in $); t2 and t3 dark or yellow L. draperi. $: cercal

plate - col. pl. I: 18.....................................5

5. Tibiae dark, only knees yellow. f3 usually with 2-3 long submedian av and 2-4 weak but distinct av in basal half. Widespread including E Africa, but absent in the Maghreb region. S: sternite 5 - col. pl. I:

16.........................................tentaculata (De Geer)

- posterior tibiae at least in basal half yellowis, usually both t2 and t3 entirely yellow. f3 usually with only 1 long submedian av, av setae in basal half indistinct. Maghreb region only. S: sternite 5 - col. pl. I: 15.............................................draperi Seguy

2.2. The New World

Lispe patellata Aldrich, 1913 Material examined:

Canada, NWT, Rabbitskin R., [37km] SW of Ft. Simpson [61.65N 121.90W], 12.06.1972, B.V.Petarson, 1S, 1?.

USA, UT, Strawberry valley [40.2N 111.1W], 2360 m asl, 9.07.1961, J.G.Chillcott, 1S.

Lispe sociabilis Loew, 1862 Col. pl. I: 17

Material examined:

Canada, ONT, Ottawa, RJ.Vockeroth: 2.09.1984, 1S; 16.06.1963, 1?.

USA: SC, 2?; GA, 1S, 1? (ZMHU); WI, Madison, 9-15.05.1936, F.Snyder, 2S, 2? (DEI); NC, Highlands [35.05N 83.20W], 1160 m asl, 27.08.1957, J.G.Chillcott, 1S, 1?.

Lispe tentaculata (De Geer, 1776)

Material examined:

Canada, BC: Ketchum L. [58.37N 131.75W, 1100 m asl], 26.08.1960, W.W. Moss, 1?; Telegraph Creec [57.9N 131.2W], 28.08.1960, W.W.Moss, 1S. USA, WI, Dane Country, 31.07.1935, F.Snyder, 4S; MN, Aitkin, 4.07.1937, F.Snyder, 1S (DEI); TX, 23mi W Ft. Dawis [30.6N 104.2W, 1520 m asl], 1.06.1959, F.McAlpaine, 1?; Big Bend NP [29.3N 103.3W], 17.05.1959, F.McAlpaine, 1S. Discussion. In the Nearctic region the genus Lispe was revised by Snyder [1954]. Females of the L. tentaculata species-group "are practically impossible to distinguish from one another, and the characters used in the key are far from invariable" [Snyder, 1954: 36]. Nearctic males of L. tentaculata usually have posterior tibiae yellow(ish) as in N African L. draperi, but other characters including the shape of sternite 5 confirm that it is yellow-tibia form of L. tentaculata. According to Snyder the male genitalia of 3 Nearc-tic species of the L. tentaculata group are identical; I reexamined the male genitalia and found that cercal plates are identical; the structure of the sternite 5 of L. patellata is identical to that of L. tentaculata (col. pl. I: 16), but sternite 5 of the most deviated L. socia-

bilis (col. pl. I: 17) slightly differs: the median processes are narrower and longer. Nearctic males of the L. tentaculata group differ as follows:

1. tar1-1 without finger-like process, tar1-2 slightly

shorter than tar1-1; sternite 5 - col. pl. I: 17.........

.......................................................sociabilis Loew

- tar1-1 with finger-like process, tar1-2 longer; sternite 5 - col. pl. I: 16..............................................2

2. tar1-2 2 times longer than tar1-1; palpi moderately wide (distinctly less wide than length of antenna); tibiae yellow(ish) or dark.....tentaculata (De Geer)

- tar1-2 subequal to or slightly longer than tar1-1; palpi remarkably wide (wider than length of antenna); tibiae always dark.................patellata Aldrich

The taxonomic status of these 3 species should be specified, but the origin of the existing situation seems to me rather obvious. Initially the genus Lispe was absent in the New World, but several Palaearctic species (like L. tentaculata, L. uliginosa, L. pygmaea, L. canadensis and/or L. flavinervis) reached N America via the Bering land bridge. The commonest and the northernmost L. tentaculata reached N America several times and presently we observe a mixture of descendants of about 3 waves of this spreading.

3. Lispe nivalis species-group

Notes on the L. nivalis group. Four species recently were included in the L. nivalis group [Vikhrev, 2012b], L. bivittata Stein, 1909; L. nivalis Wiedemann, 1830; L. hennigi Vikhrev, 2012 and Lispe subbivittata Mou, 1992. In this paper two more species from the L. nivalis group are described from Madagascar and N India. I suppose that the L. nivalis group is related to the L. tentaculata group (discussed in Part 6).

The taxonomic problems with L. bivittata, L. subbivittata and L. ochracea Becker 1910 were discussed in [Vikhrev, 2012b], here I specify certain points. Lispe bivittata Stein, 1909 and Lispe subbivittata Mou, 1992 are closely related species with elongated setulae on a surface of apical part of t3 in males, but these species can be reliably distinguished in both sexes as recommended in the identification keys below. In Xue & Zhang [2005] females with strong sub-median av seta on f3 were correctly associated with males of L. subbivittata with about 20 longer av to ad setulae on apical half of t3; females without median av on f3 were associated to males of L. bivittata with only 5-6 shorter ad setulae on apical half of t3. For this reason the name Lispe subbivittata Mou, 1992 was used in [Vikhrev, 2012b] and is used in this paper, though I'm not sure that it is the oldest name. There is no doubt about the synonymy of L. nigrifacies Becker, 1914 (type locality: Taiwan) and L. haha Snyder, 1965 (type locality: Japan, Haha-jima Isl., 26.67N 142.15E) with L. bivittata, examination of type material and detailed description of Snyder [1965] con-

firm it, but the synonymy of Lispe ochracea Becker, 1910 (type locality: Yemen, Sokotra) to L. bivittata proposed by Emden [1951] and accepted by Hennig [1960] is not so obvious. Lispe ochracea Becker, 1910 was described by a single female from Sokotra and according to Becker's [1910] original description, the female type has f3 with strong median av seta, so it looks that L. ochracea is not a synonym ofL. bivittata, but L. subbivittata is a synonym of L. ochracea. From the characters mentioned in corresponding papers it is clear that male L. ochracea sensu Emden [1941] and female L. bivittata sensu Pont [1991] are conspecific with L. subbivittata. The distributional data also indicate that L. ochracea is not conspecific with L. bivittata: the latter is widespread in S-E Asia and spread westward till India only, all records from N-E Africa and Arabian Peninsula (i.e. around Sokotra) belong to L. subbivittata. In 2011 I asked Dr. T. Galinskaya who visited the Naturhistorisches Museum, Vienna to look for the type of L. ochracea but it was not found (though it was in Vienna in 1981 (Dr. A. Pont, pers. com.)). Without examination of the type and with female holotype itself probably lost, I am not ready to call in question the generally accepted synonymy of L. ochracea to L. bivittata.

Lispe bivittata Stein, 1909 Col. pl. I: 20

Lispe ochracea Becker, 1910. Lispe nigrifacies Becker, 1914. Lispe haha Snyder, 1965. Material examined:

Paralectotypes of L. bivittata 1$, 1$ (ZMHU): [Indonesia], Java, Semarang, Jacobson. Holotype L. nigrifacies $ (DEI): Formosa, Kankau, 09.1912, H.Sauter.

50 $ and $ from: Cambodia, Koh Kong prov.; India: Uttarakhand state; Myanmar, Shan state; Thailand: Mae Hong Son, Nakhon Ratchasima and Phuket prov.; Vietnam: Lao Cai prov. are listed in [Vikhrev, 2012b]. New material:

India, Assam state, Chapar env., Champamati R., 40m asl, 26.32N 90.46E, 1-3.01.2014, KT, 11$, 6$. Thailand, Kanchanaburi prov., Saiyok Yai NP env., 14.44N 98.86E, 1-4.02.2014, NV, 2$, 1$. Distribution. Oriental from India to Indonesia (Java - type locality).

Lispe hennigi Vikhrev, 2012 Col. pl. I: 23

Material examined:

Holotype $, paratypes 1$, 2$ (ZMUM): Thailand, Mae Hong Son prov., 19.57N 98.28E, 650 m asl, 2025.11.2010.

Distribution. N Thailand.

Lispe medvedevi sp. nov.

Col. pl. I: 24

Holotype: male, Madagascar, Toamasina prov., An-dasibe env., 940 m asl, 18.932S 48.417E, 10.03.2012, A.Medvedev.

Paratypes: 15$, 9$, same label, 8-13.12.2012. Description. Male, body length 5-6 mm. Head. Fronto-orbital plates blackish in upper 2/3, densely yellow-whitish dusted in lower 1/3, with 3-4 inclinate and 2 reclinate setae and an outer row of setulae. Interfrontalia dirty-blackish, frontal triangle subshining black. Face and parafacials densely dusted, colour from whitish-yellow to blackish-grey, cheeks whitish-yellow, occiput grey dusted. Antenna black, arista long plumose with the longest hairs twice as long as antenna width. Parafacial with a row of setulae. Vibrissae medium long, palpi moderately widened, yellow. Thorax. Scutum and scutellum brownish-black, sub-shining, with a pair of indistinct greyish vittae between ac and dc rows, postpronotal lobe and pleura densely grey dusted. Thoracic setae: prst ac in 4-5 irregular rows; 0+2 strong dc (or 1-2 + 3-4 dc, considering hardly distinct anterior pairs); postpronotal 1; intraalars absent; supraalars 1+1; notopleural 2, otherwise notopleura bare; katepisternal setae — 1:2; anepimeron with 5-6 setulae arranged in 1 row or almost so; meron with 1-3 setulae above hind coxa; scutellum with setulae below at apex. Wing hyaline, slightly brownish, vein M straight, calypters yellowish-white, halteres light brown. Legs black with grey dusting, but t2 and basal half of t3 dirty yellow. Fore coxa with a tuft of long, api-cally curved setae on posterior surface, f1 with complete rows ofpd and about 7 pv setae. t1 without setae except preapicals. f2 with 2 pd setae at apex and in apical quarter; in basal 1/3 with 2-3 rather strong straight pv setae and 1 short a seta. t2 with 1 subme-dian p seta. Hind coxa bare on inner posterior surface. f3: in median 1/3 with 2-3 av setae which are at most hardly as long as femur width, usually shorter and with 1 av at apex; with 3(2) pv in basal half (the median one the longest, about 2* as long as femur width and 1 pv preapical. t3 with submedian ad and short pd. Pulvilli small.

Abdomen subshining black with indistinct grey median vitta, tergites 3 to 5 each with large white anterolateral spots. Sternite 5 membranous, reduced to a pair of sclerites with weak sclerotization; cercal plate as in col. pl. I: 24.

Female. Differs from male as follows: fore coxa without tuft of long setae; f3 without median av and pv setae; abdomen wider, with grey median vitta more distinct; anterolateral spots on tergites 3 and 4 whitish-grey, tergite 5 mainly hidden. Diagnosis. Lispe medvedevi sp. nov. differs from the closely related Afrotropical L. nivalis by yellow

palpi; chaetotaxy of posterior femora and structure of cercal plate in S.

Etymology. The new species is named after the collector, Andrey Medvedev (Moscow, Russia).

Lispe nivalis Wiedemann, 1830 Col. pl. I: 21

Material examined: almost 100 S and $ from: Ethiopia: Amhara and Oromia reg.; Morocco: Essaouira, Ouarzazate and Tan-Tan prov.; Portugal; Spain: Canary and Granada prov. were listed in [Vikhrev, 2012b]. New material:

Botswana, SDistr, Kanye, 24.95S 25.34E, 1270 m asl, 28-30.01.2013, A.Medvedev, 1S, 4$. Kenya: Laikipia Co., Thomson Falls env., 0.05N 36.38E, 2350 m asl, 21-23.12.2013, NV, 4S, Nak-uru Co.: Hell's Gate NP, 0.895S 36.32E,1860 m asl, 19.12.2013, NV, 7S, 2$; Malewa R., 1900 m asl, 0.67S 36.39E, 19.11.2012, D.Gavryushin, 1$. Tanzania, Morogoro reg., Ngerengere R., 6.83S 37.67E, 21.09.2012, D.Gavryushin, 13S, 4$. Togo, Missahohe [6.9N 0.6E], 10.05.1894, E. Baumann, 1$ (ZMHU).

South Africa, KZN, Durban [29.8S 31.0E], 1902, F.Muir, 2S, 8$ (ZMHU).

Distribution. S-W Palaearctic: Spain, Portugal, N Africa, Arabian Peninsula. Widespread Afrotropi-cal species, except Madagascar where it is replaced by related L. medvedevi sp. nov.

Lispe subbivittata Mou, 1992 Col. pl. I: 22

Lispe bivittata spp. subbivittata Mou, 1992. Material examined: more 30 S and $ from India: Raj-asthan and Uttarakhand states; Ethiopia, Amhara reg. are listed in [Vikhrev, 2012b]. New examined material: Egypt, Elephantine [Aswan], Reimoser, 1$ (ZMHU). India: Andhra Pradesh state, Qundlakamma R., 15.562N 80.119E, 2.03.2014, KT, 1S, 1$; Gujarat state: Bhuj env., 23.25N 69.66E, 2-3.10.2012, KT, 10S, 5$; Junagadh [21.52N 70.46E] env., 2030.10.2012, KT, 4S, 3$; Orissa state, Daspalla env., 20.38N 84.77E, 17-25.01.2014, KT, 2S, 1$. Sri Lanka, Ceylon, Nalanda [7.67N 80.64E], Lichtwardt, 1S (DEI).

Distribution. S-E Palaearctic: from Arabian Peninsula and Iran to N-E China (Laoning prov., type locality). North of the Afrotropical region: Ethiopia, Sudan, Yemen. Oriental region: India and Sri Lanka.

Lispe tomkovichi sp. nov. Col. pl. I: 25

Holotype: male, India, Assam state, Chapar

env., Champamati R., 40m asl, 26.32N 90.46E,

1-3.01.2014, K.Tomkovich.

Paratypes 2S, 4?, same label.

Other material: India: Rajasthan state, Sawai

Madhopur env., 26.02°N 76.38°E, 25.02.2011,

NV, 1?; Orissa state, Gop env., 19.982N 86.016E,

8-9.01.2014, KT, 1? (I preferred do not include

those females collected without males in the type

series).

Description. Male, body length 6.2-6.8 mm. Head. Fronto-orbital plates blackish in upper half, whitish-grey dusted in lower half, with 3-4 inclinate and 2 reclinate setae and an outer row of setulae. Interfrontalia dirty-blackish, frontal triangle sub-shining black. Face, parafacials and cheeks densely yellowish-grey dusted, occiput grey dusted. Antenna black, arista plumose with the longest hairs 1.5* as long as antenna width. Parafacial with a row of setulae. Vibrissae medium long. Palpi yellow. Thorax. Scutum and scutellum brownish, subshin-ing, with a pair of indistinct greyish vittae between ac and dc rows, postpronotal lobe and pleura densely grey dusted. Thoracic setae: 0+1 ac, prst ac hairs merge with other scutal ground hairs; 0+2 strong dc (or 1-2 + 3-4 dc, considering hardly distinct anterior pairs); postpronotal 1; intraalars absent; supraalars 1+1; notopleural 2, otherwise notopleura bare; kat-episternal setae - 1:2; anepimeron with 7-8 setulae placed in about 3 rows and occupying a rounded area*; meron with 1(2) setulae above hind coxa; scutellum with setulae below at apex. Wing hyaline, vein M straight, calypters white, halteres light brown.

Legs. Coxae and femora black with grey dusting; tibiae yellow, with greyish dusting in apical halves; tarsal segments 1 and 2 yellowish, segments 3 to 5 -dark. Fore coxa with a tuft of long setae on posterior surface, f1 with complete rows of pd and about 7 pv setae. t1 without setae except preapicals. f2 with a complete row of 16-17 strong pv setae which are about as long as femur width and a complete row of 14-15 weaker and shoter av setae; typical 1-2 a setae in basal half and 2 preapical pd also present. t2 with 1 submedian p seta. Hind coxa bare on inner posterior surface. f3 in apical 2/3 with rows of 7-9 av and 7-8 pv setae, the longest and strongest setae are in the middle of each rows and almost twice as long as femur width. t3 with submedian ad and short pd. Pulvilli small.

Abdomen. with tergites 1+2 to 5 dorsally evenly grey dusted, laterally shining black, ventrally brownish-grey dusted; tergites 3 to 5 each with large dorsolateral whitish spots. Sternite 4 (and to a lesser extent

*Setulae on anepimeron for want of anything better seem to be important for distinguishing females of L. tomkovichi sp. nov. from L. bivittata or L. hennigi, all female paratypes of L. tomkovichi sp. nov. have only 8 anepimeral setulae. But I have to report that one male paratype has these setulae more numerous, 13 to be precise, so this character might be variable.

stemite 3) covered with dense and elongated hairs. Cercal plate as in Col. pl. I: 25. Female. Differs from male as follows: palpi brownish-yellow; fore coxa without tuft of long setae; f2 without distinct pv and av rows of setae (though setulae on pv surface still stronger and longer than in females of related species of the L. nivalis group); f3 without strong av and pv setae except apical pv (but av and pv setae/ setulae in apical half off3 are distinctly stronger and longer than in related species of the L. nivalis group); t1 dark, t2 and t3 yellow but more densely grey dusted); tarsi dark, but tar2-1 still yellow; abdomen wider, rather evenly grey dusted, with vague dirty-whitish dorso-lateral spots on tergites 3 and 4; sternites 4 and 3 covered with usal scarse short setulae. Diagnosis. Males Lispe tomkovichi sp. nov. differ from other species of the L. nivalis group by a rich set of characters: yellow palpi, bicolorous tarsi, pv and av rows of setae on f2 and f3; densely setulose sternite 4. The structure of the cercal plate is rather like that of L. subbivittata. The identification of female is not as easy, but characters recommended in the key below seem reliable enough. Etymology. The new species is named after the collector, Konstantin Tomkovich (Moscow, Russia).

Identification key for the Lispe nivalis species-

group, s

1. f3 with 1 to 3 strong submedian pv setae or with a row of 7-8 pv in apical half; fore coxa with a tuft of long setae posteriorly; anepimeron with 6-8 hairs; t3 without ad setulae at apical half.......................2

- f3 without strong pv setae except for preapical one; fore coxa without long setae posteriorly; anepim-eron with 10-15 hairs placed in about 3 rows and occupying a rounded area; t3 with ad setulae at apical half below strong ad seta................................5

2. f3 in apical 2/3 with dense rows of 7-9 av and 7-8 pv setae; f2 with a complete and dense row of 1617 strong pv setae which are about as long as femur width and a complete row of 14-15 weaker and shoter av setae; tarsal segments 1 and 2 yellowish, segments 3 to 5 - dark; sternite 4 (and to a lesser extent sternite 3) covered with dense and elongated hairs; hairs on anepimeron placed in 2-3 rows and occupying a rounded area. (Palpi yellow.) Cercal

plate — col. pl. I: 25. N India..............................

.................................................tomkovichi sp. nov.

- f3 with at most 3-4 av and 2-3 pv sparsely placed setae; f2 at most with 3 pv in basal half; all tarsi dark; sternite 4 and 3 covered with usual short and sparse hairs; hairs on anepimeron placed in a single horizontal row or almost so..................................3

3. f3 with 1 submedian pv and 1 submedian av setae; abdomen widened on segments 3 to 5, with an obtuse apex; with whitish-grey dusting. Cercal plate - col. pl. I: 23. N Thailand. (Palpi darkened, but

yellow at base.)............................hennigi Vikhrev

- f3 with more than submedian pv and av setae; abdomen of a normal shape with a pointed apex; shining black except for 3 pairs of lateral white spots. Africa, S-W Europe, Madagascar ...............................................................................4

4. Palpi yellow. f2 with 2(3) strong v setae in basal half. f3 with a submedian av seta at most hardly as long as femur width, usually shorter. Cercal plate -col. pl. I: 24. Madagascar.........medvedevi sp. nov.

- palpi black. f2 with 2-3 weak v setulae in basal half. f3 with a submedian av seta 1.5-2* as long as femur width. Cercal plate - col. pl. I: 21. Africa, S-W Europe.....................................nivalis Wiedemann

5. t3 below strong ad with a dense brush of about 20 setulae on ad, a and av surfaces; tar3-1 with dense short curved setulae on av surface; notopleupon with 1-3 setulae in the area between strong notop-

leural setae. Cercal plate - col. pl. I: 22...................

.....................................................subbivittata Mou

- t3 below strong ad with a sparse row of 5-6 ad setulae; tar3-1 without curved av setulae; notopleupon bare in the area between strong notopleural setae. Cercal plate - col. pl. I: 20.................bivittata Stein

Identification key for the Lispe nivalis species-group, $

1. f3 with 1 strong submedian av setae; notopleupon with 1 to several setulae on area between strong no-topleural setae.............................subbivittata Mou

- f3 without submedian av setae; notopleupon bare on area between strong notopleural setae.............2

2. f3 with several short but distinct av and pv setae in apical half; f2 with pv setulae stronger and longer than ground setulae; tar2-1 yellow. (Palpi brownish-yellow; anepimeron with 8 hairs placed in 2-3

rows occupying a rounded area.) N India.............

................................................tomkovichi sp. nov.

- f3 without distinct av and pv setae in apical half except 1 apical pv; f2 with ground setulae on pv surface; tar2-1 dark..............................................3

3. Anepimeron with 5-6 hairs placed in a single horizontal row or almost so........................................4

- anepimeron with 13-15 hairs placed in 3-5 rows occupying a rounded area................bivittata Stein

4. Presutural ac in 3 rows; N Thailand......................

......................................................hennigi Vikhrev

- presutural ac in 4-5 rows; Africa, S-W Europe, Arabian Peninsula, Madagascar.................................5

5. Palpi yellow. Madagascar.......medvedevi sp. nov.

- palpi black. Africa, S-W Europe, Arabian Peninsula ..................................................nivalis Wiedemann

4. Lispe scalaris species-group

Notes on the L. scalaris group. The Lispe scalaris

species-group [Hennig, 1960] initially included 4 spe-

cies. It had been recently revised by Vikhrev [2012a] who reduced the number of species to 3: Lispe scalaris Loew, 1847 (= Lispe persica Becker, 1904), Lispe nu-bilipennis Loew, 1873 and Lispe elegantissima Stackelberg, 1937. In this paper one more species Lispe flavipes Stein, 1913 is added to the L. scalaris group, descriptions of the previously unknown males ofL. nu-bilipennis and L. flavipes, and an identification key for the L. scalaris group are given.

The L. scalaris group can be characterized as follows: densely dusted small species; occuring in arid regions of Eurasia and Africa; palpi relatively narrow, abruptly narrowed toward base; prst ac setulae in 2 (rarely partly in 3) rows distinctly separated from scutal setulae; dc 2+3 all strong; postpronotal lobes with strong spinules on anterior and inner parts; leg chaetotaxy as follows: tl without setae, t2 with 1 p, t3 l ad seta only. The male ter-minalia of all species of the L. scalaris group are characteristic. The relationship of the L. scalaris group with other groups is considered in Part 6.

Lispe elegantissima Stackelberg, 1937 Col. pl. II: З1, З2, ЗЗ

Material examined:

Holotype S (ZIN): Turkmenia, Tashaus [Turkmenistan, Dashoguz, 41.9N 59.9E], 1937, A. Stackelberg. Kazakhstan: Kyzylorda reg., pond near Syr Darya R., 45.757N 62.312E, 15-19.05.2011, KT, 19S, 34$. Tajikistan: «низовья Вахша» (low Vakhsh R.) = Khatlon prov., approx. 37.5N 68.5E, 17.03.1944, A. Stackelberg, 2S, 2$ (ZIN). Turkmenistan: Lebap prov., Chardzhou env., 25.04.1990, A.Ozerov, lS, 9$; Ahal prov., Ashgabat env., 5.05.1990, A.Ozerov, 1$. Distribution. Palaearctic, Central Asia.

Lispe flavipes Stein, 1913 Col. pl. II: 26, 27

Material examined:

Madagascar, Toamasina reg., Manambato, 18.75S 49.15E, 27-30.11.2012, A.Medvedev, 7S, 5$. Description of male. Body length 5-5.6 mm. Head densely dusted: fronto-orbital plates yellow-white (shining black spots on upper part absent); interfron-talia dark grey; frontal triangle very distinct, wide, yellow; face and parafacials golden-yellow, cheeks whitish; occiput whitish-grey (without shining black spots on upper part). Fronto-orbital plates with 2(3) inclinate, 1 reclinate setae and several setulae in outer row. Parafacials narrow, virtually bare (single very weak, short and sparse setulae may present). Antenna basally yellow, postpedicel black; aristal hairs half as long as antenna width. Palpi narrow, yellow. Thorax densely grey dusted, scutum with indistinct narrow vittae along dorsocentrals. dc 2+3 all rather strong; prst ac hairs in 3 rows (anteriorly sometimes

in 2 widely separated rows, posteriorly in 3-4); kat-episternals 1:2; anepimeron with 1-3 setulae; meron bare. Wings brownish darkened in apical 1/3 (col. pl. II: 26). Legs. Trochanters, femora, tibiae and fore tarsus yellow, posterior tarsi darkened. f2 with 1 pd at apex and 1 pd at apical 1/3; f3 with short submedian ad; t1 without setae; t2 with 1 p; t3 with short ad. Abdomen evenly grey dusted (col. pl. II: 26). Cercal plate - col. pl. II: 27.

Female similar to male, differs as follows: f3 without av; wing hyaline. (My female specimens from Madagascar have abdomen evenly grey dusted as in males, but according to Stein's [1913] description females from S Africa have tergite 4 (Stein's "ring 3") with a pair of shining black spots.

Distribution. Afrotropical, known from S Africa (type locality, Willowmore, ^33.29S 23.49E) and Madagascar

Lispe nubilipennis Loew, 1873 Col. pl. II: 28, 29, 30

Material examined:

Holotype, $ (ZMHU): Sarepta [Russia, Volgograd env., «48.52N 44.51E].

Kazakhstan: W Kazakhstan reg., Uralsk env., Barbastau R., 51.21N 51.97E, 28.08.2012, KT, 2S, 2$. Russia: Astrakhan reg., Baskunchak L. env., fresh pond, 48.165N 46.82E, 3-6.05.2010, KT, 1$; Kalmykia reg.: 47.595N 44.592E, 08.06.2012, KT & NV, 1S, 3$; Ergeninsky env, 47.6N 44.5E, 01.05.2013, NV, 2S, 11$; Orenburg reg., Sol-Iletsk env., 51.342N 55.013E, 28.08. KT, 1 $; Rostov reg., Kamensk-Shakhtinsky env., 48.242N 40.404E, 01.06.2013, NV, 4S, 4$; Volgograd reg.: Sarpa saltish lake, 48.35N 44.61E, 7.06.2012, NV, 1$ (15-20km from type locality); Breslavka env, 48.5355N 44.131E, 30.04.2013, NV, 1$. Description of male. Body length 4.8-5.1 mm. Head: fronto-orbital plates yellow-white, with shining black spots on upper part; interfrontalia black; frontal triangle wide, yellow in anterior part, subshining black and hardly distinct in posterior part; face and parafacials whitish-yellow, cheeks whitish; occiput whitish-grey, with shining black spots on upper part. Fronto-orbital plates with 2-3 inclinate, 2 reclinate setae and several setulae in outer row. Parafacials with distinct setulae. Antenna basally dirty-yellow, postpedicel black; aristal hairs half as long as antenna width. Palpi narrow, yellow. Thorax. Scutum brownish-grey dusted, with wide shining dark vittae aside from dc rows, humeral calli, notopleura and the rest of pleura dusted. dc 2+3 or 2+4; prst ac hairs in 2 rows; katepisternals 1:2; anepimeron with 1-3 setulae; meron bare. Wings darkened as in L. elegantissima, but less distinct: the darkening is better visible at an acute angle of view in apical third of wing before apex (col. pl. II: 28). Legs dirty-yellow, but femora dark except very apex. f2 with 1 pd at apex,

1 pd at apical 1/3 and with a complete row of short but strong pv setae, which are longer in basal 1/3; f3 with an irregular row of short pv setae in basal half and 1 pv at apex, a tuft of longer fine p setae present at very base off3; t1 without setae; t2 with 1 p; t3 with short ad. Abdomen grey dusted with extensive black shining areas: tergite 1+2 is black laterally and ventrally; tergites 3 and 4 are black posterolaterally and ventrally, tergite 5 is entirely black except anterodorsal dusted stripe (col. pl. II: 28). Cercal plate - col. pl. II: 30, sternite 5 - col. pl. II: 29.

Female differs from male as follows: f2 and f3 without ventral setae; abdomen more dusted, black area less extensive.

Distribution. Palaearctic, Caspian Lowland.

Lispe scalaris Loew, 1847 Col. pl. II: 34a, 34b, 35

Lispepersica Becker, 1904: Vikhrev, 2012a: 109-111. Lispe scalaris ssp. maroccana Canzoneri & Meneghi-ni, 1966 syn. nov. Material examined:

Holotype of L. scalaris $ (ZMHU): [Turkey], Smir-na [Izmir].

Syntypes of L. persica 1$, 2$ (ZIN): Sistan, 21.05.1898, N. Zarudnyi [Iran, Sistan and Bal-uchestan prov., 27N 61E].

Egypt: Cairo, XI (Nov), 1$ with Becker's identification label; Assuan, II (Febr) 2$, 1$ with identification labels by Becker, Kowarz and Hennig (ZIN). Ethiopia: Oromia, Ziway L., 1640 m asl, 7.91N 38.73E, 12.03.2012, NV, 11$, 2$. India: Rajasthan state, Jaipur env., 23-26.02.2011, NV, 8$, 5$.

Israel: Yeruham (30.99N 34.90E), 22.07.1962, J.Kugler, 1$, 2$ (TAUI); Mash'abbesade (31.01N 34.78E), 21.07.1986, A.Freidberg, 3$, 2$ (TAUI), Kinneret L. env., 32.7N 35.6E, 27.11.2011, NV, 1$ (ZMUM). Morocco: Essaouira prov., Essaouira env., 1-5.05.2012, NV, 3$, 3$; Ouarzazate prov., 29.85N 5.61W, 30.03.2011, A.Gusakov, 1$, 1$; Tan-Tan prov., Draa R., 28.528N 10.947W, 11.05.2012, NV, 3$, 5$. Turkmenistan: Mary prov., Kushka env. [35.3N 62.3E], 20.05.1990, A.Ozerov, 13$, 4$; Ahal prov., Tejen [37.4N 60.5E], 15.05.1969, A.Zhelochovtsev, 2$. Distribution. Palaearctic from Morocco to Central Asia; Oriental, India and Afrotropical, Ethiopia. Remarks. Since the last publication on L. scalaris [Vikhrev, 2012a] new series were collected from Ethiopia and Morocco. The Ethiopian record expands the distribution range of L. scalaris to the north part of the Afrotropical region. Being a mixture of specimens with more or less dusted scutum and abdomen, the Ethiopian material also confirms the synonymy of Lispe persica Becker, 1904 with L. scalaris [Vikhrev, 2012a]. Some females L. scalaris collected in 2012 in

Morocco have yellow femora (col. pl. II: 34b), whereas other Moroccan females have the posterior femora darkened in basal half only, but there are also Moroccan specimens with typical darkening of femora. Females with yellow femora fit Pont's [1991: 355] description of Lispe sp. from Saudi Arabia. I regard these specimens as yellow-leg form of L. scalaris. Synonymy. The characters given for Lispe scalaris ssp. maroccana Canzoneri & Meneghini, 1966 (type locality: Morocco, oued Moulouja [Moulouya River, ~ 35.12N 2.35W]) are within the limits of variability of L. scalaris discussed in [Vikhrev, 2012a] and in "Remarks" above, so I regard L. scalaris scalaris Loew, 1847 = Lispe scalaris ssp. maroccana Canzoneri & Meneghini, 1966, syn. nov.

Identification key for the Lispe scalaris species-group, S and 9

1. Legs including all femora entirely yellow. Fronto-orbital plates evenly yellow-white dusted, shining black spots on upper part absent. prst ac hairs in the posterior part of presutural area in 3 rows. Parafa-cials virtually bare (only very weak, short setula(e) may be sometimes found). Occiput evenly grey dusted; abdomen evenly grey dusted (or at least ter-gite 3 without black spots). S Africa and Madagascar. Body length 5-5.6 mm. $ f3 with submedian av seta. Wing apically brownish darkening (col. pl. II: 26). Cercal plate - col. pl. II: 27.....flavipes Stein

- Femora partly to entirely darkened (except rare yellow-leg specimens of L. scalaris, in this case body length 4.5 mm or less). Fronto-orbital plates with shining black spots on upper part. prst ac hairs in 2 rows. Parafacials always with distinct row of setulae. Occiput with shining black area in upper part; abdomen with extensive shining black areas (at least tergite 3 with black spots). S Palaearctic, N of Africa. Body length 3.5-5.1 mm. $ f3 without submedian av seta.................................................2

2. Wing more or less distinctly darkened, as shown on col. pl. II: 28 and 31. Abdomen with extensive shining black area (or at least ventral and lateral parts of tergites 1+2 and 3 partly shining black or almost entirely shining black), see col. pl. II: 28 and 31. Scutum always with distinct wide shining vit-tae. $ f2 ventrally with setae. Pricaspian lowland and Central Asia....................................................3

- Wing not darkened. Abdomen with shining black area less extensive, ventral and lateral parts of tergites 1+2 and 3 always dusted (col. pl. II: 34a, 34b). Scutum often without distinct shining vittae, or vittae present, but less distinct. $ f2 ventrally without setae. Cercal plate - col. pl. II: 35. S Pa-laearctic from India and Central Asia to Morocco, also known from Ethiopia...............scalaris Loew

3. Wing distinctly darkened (col. pl. II: 31). Anepi-

sternum with black shining stripe (col. pl. II: 30). Abdomen with black area more extensive, ventral and lateral surfaces entirely black. Tibiae darkened in apical half. Body length 3.8-4.4 mm. S f3 with pv setae in basal half. Cercal plate - col. pl. II: 33,

sternite 5 - col. pl. II: 32. Central Asia..................

......................................elegantissima Stackelberg

- Wing less distinctly darkened col. pl. II: 28). Anepi-sternum without black shining stripe. Abdomen with black area less extensive, laterally with separated black shining spots. Tibiae yellow.Body length 4.85.1 mm. S f3 without pv setae. Cercal plate - col. pl. II: 30, sternite 5 - col. pl. II: 29. Caspian Lowland .. ..................................................nubilipennis Loew

5. Lispe nana species complex

Notes on the L. nana species complex. It is not

clear to me why Hennig had not included L. nana Macquart, 1851 in the L. tentaculata group. L. nana shares all the group characters excluding hairs on meron [not mentioned by Hennig, 1960] and has the cercal plate and sternite 5 very much like those of L. consanguinea. On the other hand, the L. nana species complex shares most of the characters with the Lispe scalaris species group including such a probably apomorphic character as the presence of strong spinules on the anterior and inner parts of the postpro-notal lobes. The L. nana species complex differs from the L. scalaris group only by the presence of a weak pd seta on t3; more widened palpi and the structure of male terminalia. The unique character of the L. nana complex is the presence of small rounded black knoblike process at each anterior ventromarginal corner of tergite 3 in males. Thus, L. nana has an intermediate position between L. tentaculata and L. scalaris groups. L. nana is a widespread S Palaearctic species which is most common in the spring season. The few specimens collected in Chuvashia, Kaliningrad, Kaluga and Ryazan regions of Russia show that 55-56°N is the northern distributional limit of L. nana. This species is known as a successful colonist of the remote islands (Canary, Azores, Cape Verde). Examined specimens from the Canaries, northern Oriental region (India) and northern Afrotropical region (Ethiopia, Zwai Lake) are typical L. nana. But 1000 km southward from Ethiopia where L. nana was still recorded, in the vicinity of Naivasha Lake in Kenya the L. nana species complex is represented by different species hereinafter referred to as Lispe triangularis sp. nov. The third species belonging to the L. nana species complex is described here as Lispe martirei sp. nov. from Reunion Island. Lispe triangularis sp. nov. and Lispe martirei sp. nov. only slightly differ from each other and L. nana, but they were collected in large series which are homogeneous and all specimens in hand may be reliably attributed to one of the

species in both sexes.

Lispe martirei sp. nov. Col. pl. II: 36, 37, 38, 39

Holotype: male, France overseas reg., Reunion Island, Plaine des Cafres env, 1650 m asl, 21.17S 55.59E, 25.10.2012, D.Martire. Paratypes 6S, 9$: France overseas reg., Reunion Island, Plaine des Cafres env, 1650 m asl: 21.2S 55.59E 21.09.2012, D.Martire, 2S; 21.17S 55.59E, 08.10.2012, D.Martire, 1$; 21.17S 55.59E, 25.10.2012, D.Martire, 3S, 6$; 21.17S 55.59E, 12.11.2012, D.Martire, 1S, 2$. Description. Male, body length 4.4-5.1 mm. Head. Interfrontalia and fronto-orbital plates entirely velvet black (col. pl. II: 37). Frontal triangle reaches-lunula, black with microrough surface. Parafacials, face and genae grey dusted. Occiput grey dusted in lower half, in upper half black with a pair of grey median spots which do not extend on upper part of frons. Fronto-orbital plate with 3-5 inclinate and 2 procli-nate setae and several hairs in outer row. Parafacial with 1(2) row of hairs all along, hairs are distinctly stronger than those in other species of the L. nana complex. Antennae black, postpedicel 2.5 times as long as wide; arista with hairs longer than half width of antenna, apical third of arista almost bare. Vibris-sae medium strong. Palpi remarkably large, more than 2* as wide as antenna width; outer surface of palpi covered with dense silver-grey dusting; inner surface yellowish. Proboscis thickened, at least 1.5* wider than in the related L. nana, mentum of proboscis shining black.

Thorax. Scutum shining black, only a pair of a narrow brown vittae present along ac row, these vittae distinct on the presutural area, on the postsutural area vittae less distinct on the anterior half and absent on the posterior half. Scutellum entirely shining black. Pleura with thin grey dusting. Thoracic chaetotaxy: prst ac in 3 irregular rows; dc 2+3 all strong; intraalars 1+1; supraalars 1+1; postpronotal 2; postpronotal lobes with spinulose setae on anterior part (more dense and long, but less strong than in L. nana); katepisternals 1+2; anepimeron with 2-4 setulae; meron bare above hind coxa; scutellum bare at apex below. Wings evenly darkened, calypters dirty-yellowish with brown margin, halter brownish-yellow. Legs dark, but fore knees and mid and hind tibiae dirty yellow. f1 with a row of pv setae; t1 without setae; f2 with fine v seta near base and 1 pd preapical; t2 with p seta at middle; f3 with 1 fine, long v seta near base; t3 with 1 ad and 1 pd setae at middle. Tarsi unmodified; hind coxa without seta on inner posterior margin. Abdomen mostly shining black, only ventral part of tergites with dark grey dusting. Tergites 3 to 5 each with paired lateral whitish rounded spots on the ante-

rior half, these spots do not merge with ventral dusting; tergites 1+2 to 4 with median whitish spot on the posterior half, spot on tergite 1+2 greyish and small (col. pl. II: 36 and 38). Abdominal tergite 3 with a small rounded black knob-like process at each ventral fore-marginal corner (visible on not dissected abdomen). Cercal plate - col. pl. II: 39, sternite 5 - col. pl. II: 40, they slightly differ from those of L. nana, but the diagnostic value of these differences seems to me doubtful.

Female differs from male as follows: body length 4.75.5 mm; parafacial all along with two rows of hairs; palpi entirely dark brown; dc 2+4(3), all post dc except the posterior pair are weak and hair-like; abdominal tergite 3 not modified; grey dusting on ventral part of abdominal tergites is less dark and more extensive, lateral whitish spots on the anterior half of the tergites 3 to 5 are less rounded and more elongated. Diagnosis. Lispe martirei sp. nov. differs from other species of L. nana species complex by dark palpi; darkened wings and border of calypters; remarkably dark abdominal pattern. Apart from these unique for Lispe martirei sp. nov. characters there are several other diagnostic characters given in the identification key below. Etymology. Named after the collector, Dominique Martire (Reunion, France).

Lispe nana Macquart, 1835 Col. pl. II: 40, 41, 42

Material examined: over 160 S and $. Azerbaijan, Lankaran reg.; Belarus, Minsk reg.; Egypt, Sinai; Ethiopia: Oromia reg., Ziway L., 1640m asl, 7.91N 38.73E, 11.03.2012, NV, 2S, 3$; Amhara reg., Hayk L., 1920m asl, 11.325N 39.688E, 06.08.2012, NV, 1S; India: Rajasthan and Uttarakhand states; Israel; Kazakhstan, Atyrau reg.; Morocco: Al Haouz, Marakesh, Ouarzazate and Essaouira prov.; Portugal; Russia: Chuvashia, Kaliningrad, Kalmykia, Krasnodar and Ryazan reg.; Spain, Canary; Tajikistan: Dushanbe and Khatlon reg.; Turkey: Adana, Antalya, Bolu, Hatay, Kayseri, Mersin, Sakarya and Zonguldak prov.; Turkmenistan: Lebap and Mary prov. Distribution. Palaearctic from Canary to Central Asia, North of Oriental and Afrotropical regions.

Lispe triangularis sp. nov.

Holotype: male, Kenya, Nakuru Co., Elementa-ita Lake, 0.477S 36.266E, 1780 m asl, 17.12.2013, N.Vikhrev.

Paratypes 18S, 32$: Kenya, Nakuru Co.: Elemen-taita Lake, 1800 m asl, 0.46S 36.26E, 20-21.11.2012, D.Gavryushin, 9S, 11$; Elementaita Lake, 0.477S 36.266E, 1780 m asl, 17.12.2013, NV, 1S, 2$; Hell's Gate NP, 0.895S 36.32E,1860 m asl, 19.12.2013, NV, 7S, 18$; Nyandarua Co.: Ol Bolosat Lake, 2330m, 0.02°N 36.40°E, 24.11.2012, D.Gavryushin, 1S, 1$.

Description. Male, body length 4.3-4.7 mm. Head. Interfrontalia black, fronto-orbital plates mostly black, but grey in lower 1/3. Frontal triangle wider than in L. martirei sp. nov., reaching lunula, with remarkable glossy-black surface. Parafacials, face and genae grey dusted. Occiput grey dusted in lower half, in upper half black with a pair of grey median spots which do not extend on upper part of frons. Fronto-orbital plate with 3-5 inclinate and 2 proclinate setae and several hairs in outer row. Parafacial with a row of fine hairs in lower 2/3. Antenna black, postpedi-cel 2.5 times as long as wide; arista with hairs longer than half width of antenna, apical third of arista almost bare. Vibrissae medium strong. Palpi yellow with tint whitish dusting, less (*1.5 times) widened than in L. nana or L. martirei sp. nov. Proboscis thickened (more than in L. nana, less than in L. martirei sp. nov.), mentum of proboscis shining black. Thorax. Scutum shining black, only a pair of a narrow brown vittae present along ac row, these vittae distinct on the presutural area, on the postsutural area vittae less distinct on the anterior half and absent on the posterior half. Scutellum shining black, with grey dustet area in basal quater. Pleura with thin grey dusting. Thoracic chaetotaxy: prst ac in 3 irregular rows; dc 2+3 all strong; intraalars 1+1; supraalars 1+1; post-pronotal 2; postpronotal lobes with spinulose setae on anterior part (more dense and long, but less strong than in L. nana); katepisternals 1+2; anepimeron with 2-4 setulae; meron bare above hind coxa; scutellum bare at apex below.

Wings hyaline, very slightly darkened, calypters whitish, halter yellow.

Legs dark, but fore knees and mid and hind tibiae dirty yellow. f1 with a row of pv setae; t1 without setae; f2 with fine v seta near base and 1 pd preapical; t2 with p seta at middle; f3 with 1 fine, long v seta near base; t3 with 1 ad and 1 pd setae at middle. Tarsi unmodified; hind coxa without seta on inner posterior margin. Abdominal pattern like that in L. nana: ventral half densely light grey dusted, dorsal half mostly shining black. Tergites 3 to 5 each with paired lateral whitish-grey spots on the anterior half, these spots merge with ventral dusting; tergites 1+2 to 4 with median whitish spot on the posterior half, spot on tergite 1+2 indistinct. Abdominal tergite 3 with a small rounded black knob-like process at each ventral fore-marginal corner (visible on not dissected abdomen). Cercal plate and sternite 5 like those of L. nana. Female differs from male as follows: body length 4.8-5.2 mm; dc 2+4(3), all post dc except the posterior pair are weak and hair-like; abdomen pointed at apex, abdominal colour pattern like in male but less contrast. Diagnosis. Lispe triangularis sp. nov. differs from other species of L. nana species complex by glossy black frontal triangle. Apart from this unique for

Lispe triangularis sp. nov. character there are several other diagnostic characters given in the identification key below.

Etymology. Named after the characteristic glossy black frontal triangle of this species.

Identification key for the Lispe nana species complex, S and 9

1. Scutum with dense grey dusting (sometimes the dusting is more worn-out than in col. pl. III: 44, but median part always brownish dusted). Scutel-lum dusted, at most apical third black. Wing hyaline. t1 yellow at least in basal half. Grey median spots on upper part of occiput extend on upper part of frons. Proboscis not thickened. (Fronto-orbital plates whitish dusted in anterior half. Frontal triangle dusted brown. Palpi wide, yellow.) f3 with 2-3 fine av setae in basal 3/5; t3 with several fine pv setulae in median part. (Cercal plate roundish as in col. pl. II: 42, sternite 5 with postero-median tooth longer and narrower as in col. pl. III: 43). Widespread in S Palaearctic, Ethiopia.....nana Macquart

- scutum shining black, only a pair of narrow brownish submedian vittae present in anterior half (col. pl. II: 41). Scutellum shining black as scutum, at most basal third thinly dusted. Wing more or less darkened. t1 yellow at very base only. Grey median spots on upper part of occiput do not extend on upper part of frons. Proboscis thickened. f3 without fine av setae; t3 without pv setulae. Reunion and Kenya...................................................................2

2. Frontal with microrough surface, fronto-orbital plates entirely black (col. pl. II: 37). Parafacials with an irregular row of 1-2 rather strong hairs all along. Palpi remarkably large; in females dark brown; in males densely grey dusted on outer surface, but yellowish in inner surface. Proboscis distinctly thickened. Wings evenly darkened, calypters with brown margin. Abdomen mostly shining black, only ventral part of tergites with dark grey dusting; tergites 3 to 5 with paired lateral whitish rounded spots on the anterior half, these spots do not merge with ventral dusting. (Cercal plate as in col. pl. II: 42, sternite 5 with postero-median tooth shorter and wider as in col. pl. III: 43). Reunion..............martirei sp. nov.

- frontal triangle glossy black, fronto-orbital plates whitish dusted in anterior third. Parafacials with a row a fine hairs in lower 2/3 only. Palpi smaller, yellow. Proboscis less thickened. Wings less darkened, calypters with whitish-yellow margin. Abdominal pattern like that in L. nana: ventral half densely light grey dusted, dorsal half mostly shining black; paired lateral spots on tergites 3 to 5 merge with ventral dusting. Kenya..........triangularis sp. nov.

6. Lispe tentaculata supergroup

An intermediate position of the L. nana complex between the L. tentaculata and L. scalaris groups suggests the relationship of these groups. L. tentaculata and L. nivalis groups also seem to me closely related, these groups share the following characters: chaetotaxy of all tibiae; meron with hairs above hind coxa; fresh water habitats; in addition species of the L. nivalis group shares with L. tentaculata and L. draperi such an uncommon character as the presence of setulae below at apex of scutellum. I think that the L. tentaculata group, L. nivalis group, L. sca-laris group and L. nana species complex form the L. tentaculata supergroup of about 20 related species which inhabit silty or sandy ecotopes near running or stagnant freshwater. Below an identification key for the species-groups of the L. tentaculata supergroup is provided:

1. Meron with hairs above hind coxa. Usually medium size species. prst ac in 4-6 rows; dc from 0+2 to 2+4....................................................................2

- meron bare. Usually small species. prst ac in 2(3) rows; always 2+3 strong dc .................................. 3

2. Disc of scutum mostly shining black with only thin dusting; palpi less widened and more gradually narrowed toward base; tropical and subtropical zones; scutellum always with hairs below at apex; strong dc setae always reduced to 0+2. $: sternite 5 membranous, reduced to a pair of small triangular scler-ites with weak sclerotization; cercal plate small, of a pincers-like shape.......................L. nivalis group

- disc of scutum with dense dusting; palpi more widened in apical half and more abruptly narrowed in basal half; mostly subtropical and temperate zones; scutellum without or with hairs below at apex; dc setae not reduced, 2+4, 2+3 or 1+4 (the latter case may be regarded as 0+2 because anterior dc are weak, but still stronger than in L. nivalis group). $: sternite 5 not reduced, with strong sclerotization and typically with a tridental-shaped posterior margin; cercal plate bigger, not of a pincers-like shape ................................................L. tentaculata group

3. t3 with pd seta. Palpi remarkably widened. $: Abdominal tergite 3 with a small rounded knob-like process at each ventral fore-marginal corner (visible on not dissected abdomen); cercal plate of a rounded shape.............................L. nana complex

- t3 without pd seta. Palpi relatively narrow $: Abdominal tergite 3 unmodified; cercal plate with a pointed apex................................L. scalaris group

7. Lispe kowarzi species complex

Notes on the L. kowarzi species complex. Lispe kowarzi Becker, 1903 was placed by Hennig [1960] among several species with uncertain relationship

within the genus Lispe. It is an easily recognizable in both sexes species due to the black body with shining black scutum and abdomen and contrasting yellow fore tarsus; other characters: antennae unusually long; t1 with 1 p; t2 with 1 ad and 1 pd; t3 with 1 pd, 1 ad and 1 av. Another interesting feature of the L. kowarzi is a reduction of the characteristic Lispe-setulae on the anepimeron above the posterior katepi-sternal seta, there are only 1-3 these setulae which are very weak so they are often broken or hardly visible on the dark background even if not broken. Vikhrev [2012b] reported that L. kowarzi may be divided into 2 geographic forms, the western subspecies L. kowarzi kowarzi Becker, 1903 (from India and Sri Lanka to Morocco and Senegal) and the eastern one L. kowarzi pallitarsis Stein, 1909 (S-E Asia, Indonesia) (col. pl. III: 43a, 43b). Males of both subspecies of L. kowarzi have strong ventral setae on posterior femora: f2 with 3-4 long ventral setae on basal half, f3 with 2 strong v setae, in before and beyond middle; in females these setae absent. There is one more related to L. kowarzi species initially known from Afrotropical region and refered here as Lispe fulvitarsus (Snyder, 1949) (= Lispacoenosia fulvitarsus Snyder, 1949 = Lispe asetopleura Vikhrev, 2012, see Synonymy below). L. fulvitarsus has all the characters mentioned above for L. kowarzi but Lispe-setulae on the anepimeron are totally reduced and males have not strong setae on f2 and f3. There are also several less important differences in body, legs and wings coloration so distinguishing African specimens of L. fulvitarsus from L. kowarzi and especially from distributed in N Africa L. kowarzi kowarzi is not problematic [Vikhrev, 2012b].

Taxonomic difficulties. A fresh material collected from South Asia makes the situation more complicated. I am inclined to identify part of specimens from the L. kowarzi species complex collected in Sri Lanka, India and Myanmar as L. fulvitarsus asiatica ssp. nov. The most important diagnostic characters for L. kowarzi complex are shown in Table 1.

The only unique character of L. fulvitarsus asiatica ssp. nov. is elongated (distinctly longer than abdomen) and more darkened wings in males (col. pl. III: 44a). L. fulvitarsus fulvitarsus and L. f. asiatica ssp. nov. share

absence of strong submedian setae on f2 and f3 in males. L. f. asiatica ssp. nov. shares with L. kowarzi the presence of setulae on anepimeron. Katepisternal setae, dc setae and colour of palpi may be variable characters as seen from Table 1. In contrast with that, the submedian ventral setae on male posterior femora are always either present and strong or absent, no intermediate speciemen was found among rich examined material, that is why I used this character for dividing the L. kowarzi complex into two species. Identification of females is more problematic, especially so if L. fulvitarsus asiatica ssp. nov. and L. kowarzi pallitarsis are sympatric somewhere between Myanmar and Thailand. The substantial variability in the L. kowarzi species complex does not permit to reject the possibility that African and Asian subspecies of L. fulvitarsus and both subspecies of L. kowarzi is a single polymorphic species. May be molecular data will help to clarify the situation.

Synonymy. Genus Lispacoenosia Snyder, 1949 was described as Lispe-like Muscidae with several Coenosiinae characters: only one pair of the recinate frontal setae; a bare anepimeron; the katepisternal bristles situated in a nearly equilateral triangle [Snyder, 1949]. Usually Lispe has 1:2 katepisternals, but 1:1:1 also occurs, for example, in L. pygmaea Fallen, 1825 or in L. kowarzi. The reclinate frontal setae in Lispa-coenosia are reduced: posterior pair is weak, anterior pair is very weak, so partly or entirely broken in most specimens. It is not a unique case, for example, anterior reclinate frontal seta is also reduced in Lispe flavi-pes Stein, 1913. Setulae on anepimeron are remarkably weak in L. kowarzi or again in L. flavipes, in African specimens of Lispacoenosia these setulae are entirely reduced. L. fulvitarsus asiatica ssp. nov. supports the synonymy of Lispacoenosia to Lispe: it has 1-3 very fine setulae on anepimeron and weak though usually distinct anterior recinate frontal setulae, otherwise L. fulvitarsus asiatica ssp. nov. and Lispacoenosia fulvitarsus are very much alike. Snyder [1949] did not mention the obviously related L. kowarzi, most probably he was unfamiliar with this species. So, Lispe La-treille, 1976 = Lispacoenosia Snyder, 1949, syn. nov. and Lispacoenosia fulvitarsus Snyder, 1949 is Lispe fulvitarsus (Snyder, 1949) comb. nov.

In my turn I was unfamiliar with Lispacoenosia fulvitarsus Snyder, 1949, so Lispe fulvitarsus (Snyder,

Table 1

Some important diagnostic characters for the L. kowarzi species complex

L. kowarzi kowarzi L. kowarzi pallitarsis L. fulvitarsus fulvitarsus L. fulvitarsus asiatica

ventral setae on f2 $ 4 4 0 0

ventral setae on f3 $ 2 2 0 0

palpi black - brown dirty yellow - black yellow yellow - dirty yellow

katepisternal setae 1:1:1 0:1:1 (rarely1:1:1) 1:1:1 0:1(w):1

dc setae 1 + 2-3 0 + 1-2 0 + 1 0 + 1

setulae on anepimeron 1-3 1-2 bare 1-2

elongated wing $ no no no yes

1949) = Lispe asetopleura Vikhrev, 2012 syn. nov.

Lispefulvitarsusfulvitarsus (Snyder, 1949) comb. nov. Col. pl. III: 44b

Lispacoenosia fulvitarsus Snyder, 1949. Lispe asetopleura Vikhrev, 2012: 424 syn. nov. Material examined:

Cameroon: Northwest reg., Bamenda env., [» 6.01N 10.35E], 1200 m asl, 18.11.1987, F.Kaplan, 2$ (TAUI).

Ethiopia: Amhara reg.: Blue Nile R., 1070 m asl, 10.08N 38.19E, 31.07.2012, NV, 1$, 1?; Oromia reg.: Ziway L., 1640 m asl, 7.91N 38.73E, 11-13.03.2012, NV, 9$, 1?; Langano L., 1590 m asl, 7.646N 38.706E, 13-15.03.2012, NV, 7$, 6?; Awasa L., 1690 m asl, 7.079N 38.478E, 15-16.03.2012, NV, 1$, 1?. Kenya: Kiambu Co., Limuru, 1.107S 36.631E, 2280 m asl, 15.12.2013, NV, 2$; Nakuru Co., Elementaita Lake, 0.477S 36.266E, 1780 m asl, 17.12.2013, NV, 1$, 1?. Distribution. Afrotropical: Cameroon, Congo, Ethiopia (type locality of Lispe asetopleura), Ghana (type locality of Lispacoenosia fulvitarsus), Kenya, Nigeria, Tanzania, Madagascar.

Lispe fulvitarsus asiatica ssp. nov. Col. pl. III: 44a

Holotype: male, Sri Lanka, Marawila env., 7.440N 79.816E, 26-31.12.2012, N.Vikhrev. Paratypes 18$, 7?: Sri Lanka, same label as Holotype, 13$, 6?; India, Orissa state, Gop env., 19.982N 86.016E, 8-9.01.2014, KT, 4$, 1?; Puri env., 19.82N 85.85E, 11-14.01.2014, KT, 1$. Other material not included in the type series: India: Goa state, Calangute [15.54N 73.77E], 17.01.2008, NV, 1$, 1?; Orissa state, Chilika Lake, 9.68N 85.18E, 4-9.02.2014, KT, 1?. Myanmar: Shan state, Inle L., 30.11.2009, NV, 2$, 1?. Description. Male, body length 4.1-4.5 mm. Head. Frons distinctly narrowed at anterior quarter. Fronto-orbital plates black in posterior half, whitish dusted in anterior half; interfrontalia matt black; frontal triangle wide, glossy-black. Fronto-orbital plates with 4 pairs of inclinate, 2 pairs of reclinate setae (anterior pair weak) and with an outer row of fine setulae. Parafacials whitish dusted, narrow, with a row of setulae. Cheeks whitish dusted, 1.5 times as wide as antenna width. Occiput grey dusted, with a pair of large glossy-black spots in upper half. Antenna black, unusually long (almost equal to distance to mouth margin), aristal hairs longer than antenna width. Vibrissae strong, palpi yellow. Thorax. Most of scutum (except of notopleura), scu-tellum and anterior anepisternum shining black, otherwise thorax grey dusted. Thoracic setae: prst ac in 3-4 rows; dc 0+1; postpronotal 1 weak; intraalars absent; supraalars 1+1; notopleural 2; katepisternal setae - 0:1:1 (the lower one very weak); anepimeron

with 1-3 fine setulae, meron bare. Wing distinctly more darkened and more elongated in comparison with other taxons of the L. kowarzi complex (col. pl. III: 43, 44). Wing length 3.7 mm, males of L. kowarzi pallitarsis with the same body size have wing length 3.0-3.1 mm; wing shape also differs, it is narrow in basal half and more sharply widened in apical half. Calypters whitish, halter black. Legs mostly black with whitish dusting, but fore tarsus except tar1-1 red, t2, and t3 translucent yellowish in basal third. f1 withpd row and 3-4 shortpv at apex; t1 compressed laterally, with strong pv seta; f2 with short submedian a, with 1 apical and 1 preapical pd setae; t2 with strong ad and pd; f3 with a short ad row and 1-2 fine ventral setae at base, strong submedian v setae absent; t3 with av, ad and pd setae. Pulvilli small. Abdomen glossy black with paired whitish spots on anterior margin of tergites 3 to 5. Sternite 5 weakly sclerotized, cercal plate alike that in L. kowarzi. Female differs from male as follows: body size 4.55.1 mm; wing only slightly darkened and elongated in comparison with female of L. kowarzi; abdomen ovate, whitish spots on tergites 3 to 5 smaller, sometimes hardly distinct.

Diagnosis. L. fulvitarsus asiatica ssp. nov. differs from African the subspecies as given in the identification keys below. Male L. fulvitarsus asiatica ssp. nov. differs from males of both subspecies of L. kowarzi by absence of strong v setae on f2 and f3 and by elongated and darkened wings. Female L. fulvitarsus asiatica ssp. nov. differs from female L. kowarzi kowarzi by reduced dorsocentral and katepisternal setae (Table 1). Distinguishing L. fulvitarsus asiatica ssp. nov. from L. kowarzi pallitarsis seems problematic in female sex. Etymology. The name indicates Asian distribution of subspecies.

Lispe kowarzi kowarzi Becker, 1903 Col. pl. III: 43a

Lispe kowarzi Becker, 1903.

Lispe pakistanensis Shinonaga & Afzal, 1989: Vikhrev, 2012b: 425.

Lispe kowarzi kowarzi Becker, 1903: Vikhrev, 2012b: 424-425.

Material examined:

India: Andhra Pradesh state, Bapatla env., 15.92N 80.47E, 19.02.2014, KT, 2S; Goa state, 26.02.2008, KT, 1S; Gujarat state: Bhuj env., 23.25N 69.66E, 2-3.10.2012, KT, 15S, 12?; Junagadh, 21.52N 70.46E, 19-21.10.2012, KT, 4S, 1?; Orissa state, Chilika Lake, 19.68N 85.18E, 4-9.02.2014, KT, 1S; Rajasthan state, Sawai Madhopur env., 26.02N 76.38E, 26.02.2011, NV, 2?; Uttarakhand state, Haridwar, 29.96N 78.19E, 10.09.2011, NV, 1S. Iran: Sistan (presently Sistan and Baluchestan prov., 27N 61E), May.1898, N. Zarudnyi, 4S?(ZIN).

Israel: Kinneret L. env., 27.10.2011, NV, 8S, 1?. Morocco: Essaouira prov., 25.03.2009, NV, 1?. Senegal: Fatick reg., Sine-Saloum estuary (14.1N 16.7W), 2-6.03.2007, NV, 3?. Sri Lanka, Marawila env., 7.440N 79.816E, 2631.12.2012, NV, 2S, 2?.

Turkey: Antalya prov., Manavgat env., 36.76N 31.45E, 1-30.10.2006-09, NV, 11S, 9?. Distribution. S Palaearctic: Morocco, Egypt (type locality), Israel, Turkey (the northernmost record -36.8N), Iran, Pakistan. Oriental: India, Sri Lanka. Af-rotropical, Senegal.

Lispe kowarzi pallitarsis Stein, 1909 Col. pl. III: 43b

Lispe pallitarsis Stein, 1909.

Lispe kowarzi pallitarsis Stein, 1909: Vikhrev, 2012b: 424-425.

Material examined:

Cambodia: Kep prov., Kep, 10.50N 104.33E,

06.12.2010, NV, 1S, 2?; Koh Kong prov., Koh Kong env., 11.6N 103.0E, 28.11-04.12.2010, NV, 1?. Malaysia, Sabah state (Borneo): Kota Kinabalu env.,

28.12.2011, NV, 6S, 2?; Beringgis beach, 5.79N 115.99E, 19-26.02.2014, N.Vikhrev, 4S; Selangor state, Sungai Pelek env., 2.6N 101.7E, 6-7.02.2014, NV, 10S, 3?. Thailand: Chanthaburi prov., Khao Khitchakut env., 04.11.2009, NV, 1S, 1?; Chonburi prov., Pataya env., Dec.2006-09, NV, 28S, 14?; Kanchanaburi prov., Saiyok Yai NP env., 14.44N 98.86E, 2.02.2014, NV, 1?; Mae Hong Son prov., Pai env., 11.11.2009, 2S; Phuket prov., 14.02.2009, NV, 1S, 3?; Rayong prov., Ban Phe, 08.12.2008, NV, 1?; Sa Kaeo prov., 13.77N 102.07E, 9.02.2009, NV, 1?; Trat prov., Ko Chang Isl., 14.12.2011, NV, 1?.

Distribution. S-E Asia: Thailand, Cambodia, Malaysia, Indonesia (type locality).

Identification key for the Lispe kowarzi species complex, S

1. f2 and f3 without strong ventral setae....................

............................................fulvitarsus Snyder (2)

- f2 with 3-4 long ventral setae on basal half, f3 with 2 strong submedian v setae......kowarzi Becker (3)

2. Anepimeron bare. Wings not elongated and only slightly darkened. Posterior tibiae yellow. Afro-tropical .......fulvitarsus fulvitarsus (Snyder, 1949)

- anepimeron with 1-3 setulae. Wings elongated and distinctly darkened. Posterior tibiae yellowish only

in basal third. India, Sri Lanka, Myanmar..............

..................................fulvitarsus asiatica ssp. nov.

3. dc 1+3(2); katepisternals always 1:1:1 all strong; abdomen without white spots, at most rather indistinct spots on tergite 4 present. N Africa, S Palaearctic, India.................kowarzi kowarzi Becker

- dc reduced to 0+1 (or 0+2, in this case the anterior

pair is very weak); katepistemal 1:1:1 or 0:1:1, lower katepisternal often weak; abdomen with whitish

spots on tergites 3 to 5. S-E Asia............................

........................................ kowarzi pallitarsis Stein

8. Lispe desjardinsii group

Notes on the L. desjardinsii group. I offer to place Lispe desjardinsii Macquart, 1851, Lispe pen-nitarsis Stein, 1918, and Lispe tuberculitarsis Stein, 1913 into the Lispe desjardinsii species-group. Species of the Lispe desjardinsii group resemble those of the L. longicollis group: medium to large size; grey dusted flies with long legs and slender body; t3 with submedian av, ad and pd setae; rather narrow and graduatelly widened palpi. They differ as follows:

- t1 with submedian d and pv setae; vein M not curved forward at apex; dc 1-2 + 3; t2 without ventral seta; meron bare. $: fore tarsus modified, mid or hind tarsi unmodified...................L. desjardinsii group

- t1 without submedian d seta, pv setae absent or present; vein M curved forward at apex; dc 2 + 4; t2 with or without ventral seta; meron bare or with setulae above hind coxa. $: fore tarsus unmodified,

hind or mid tarsi often modified .............................

...............................................L. longicollis group

The L. desjardinsii group is restricted to the freshwater habitats of the Afrotropical region. L. tuberculitarsis is more deviated: females of this species can be reliably identified by chaetotaxy of thorax and legs, males differ by modification of the fore tarsus, f3 chaetotaxy and structure of genitalia. Males of L. desjardinsii and L. pen-nitarsis differ only by modification of the fore tarsus, otherwise similar, females of these species in my opinion are similar (see Remarks to L. pennitarsis).

Lispe desjardinsii Macquart, 1851 Col. pl. III: 45

Lispe remipes Becker, 1913. Material examined:

Syntypes L. remipes Becker, 1$, 2$. Madagaskar, 28.08.1912, Sikora (ZMHU). [Cote d'Ivoire] W. Africa, Londana [8.2N 7.7W], 6.07.1890, 1$ (DEI).

Kenya, Nakuru Co., pool near Malewa R., 1900 m asl, 0.67S 36.39E, 19.11.2012, D.Gavryushin, 1$, 1$. Reunion, étang du Gol, niveau de la mer [»21.29S 55.39E], 30.08.2012, D. Martiré, 2$, 1$. Uganda, Masaka env., Katera forest [0.9S 31.5E], 1150 m asl, V.1972, E.Babyetagara, 1$ (Canadian National Collection, Ottawa). Distribution. Afrotropical, incuding Reunion and Mauritius (type locality).

Lispe pennitarsis Stein, 1918 Col. pl. III: 49, 50

Material examined:

Madagascar, Toamasina prov., Andasibe, 18.94S 48.42E, 8-13.12.2012, A.Medvedev, 75$, 28$; F.Sikora, 1$ (ZMHU). Distribution. Madagascar.

Remarks. Couri et al. [2006] distinguished L. pen-nitarsis from L. desjardinsii by darker posterior tibiae and t3 with only 2 submedian setae. However, darkening of the tibiae is not a reliable character and "hind tibia with only two setae on middle third" is an error: males and females of L. pennitarsis have t3 with 3 submedian setae: av, ad and pd, as in other species of the L. desjardinsii group. Material listed in Couri et al. [2006] and ZMUM material listed here show that in Madgascar L. pennitarsis is widespread and common whereas Madagascarian records of L. desjardinsii and L. tuberculitarsis are singular, so females from Madagascar should be preliminary identified as L. pennitarsis, while females from African mainland, Reunion or Mauritius as L. desjardinsii.

Lispe tuberculitarsis Stein, 1913 Col. pl. III: 46, 47, 48

Material examined:

Syntypes. [South Africa], Durban 7.09.1902, F. Muir, 1$ (ZMHU). [South Africa] Durban, 1902, F.Muir, 2$ (ZMHU), marked by N. Vikhrev as syntypes.

Ethiopia: Amhara reg., Hayk L., 1920 m asl, 11.325N

39.688E, 06.08.2012, NV, 13$, 15$.

Kenya, Nakuru Co., Naivasha Lake, 1900 m asl,

0.8155 36.323E, 17.11.2012, D.Gavryushin, 1$. Madagascar, Toamasina prov., Manambato, 18.75S 49.15E, 27.11.2012, A.Medvedev, 1$. Distribution. Afrotropical.

Remarks. L. tuberculitarsis was described by Stein by 1$, 2$ from Tansania (Mto-ja-kifaru, Katona leg.) and 1$, 2$ from S Africa (Durban, 1902, F.Muir). Pont and Werner [2006] found in ZMHU only "1$ syntype, pinned on a cork mount with a printed label Durban./F. Muir.1902". Pont and Werner presumed that "syntypes in MNM [Budapest] were destroyed in 1956. The other syntypes collected by Muir were not found in CUM [Cambridge] or BMNH [London]." I found among unsorted Muscidae material in ZMHU 2$ L. tuberculitarsis pinned on a cork mount with a printed label "Durban./F. Muir.1902". I marked these females as syntypes, so only the series from Tansania seems to be lost.

Identification key for the L. desjardinsii species-group, $ and $

1. dc 1+3; palpi blackish at least in apical half. $: f3 with submedian av 1.5* longer than femur width; parafacial with hairs mostly in only one row. $: f3 in middle with 1 av (2.5-3* longer than femur width) and 1 pv (2* longer than femur width) se-

tae, basal half of f3 without spine-like pv; tar1-1 flattened, tar1-2 with ventral tubercule in middle;

cercal plate and sternite 5 - col. pl. III: 47, 48........

................................................tuberculitarsis Stein

- dc 2+3; palpi yellowish. $: f3 with submedian av at most as long as femur width; parafacial with hairs in 2 rows. $: f3 in middle with 1 av (1.5* longer than femur width) and without pv, basal half of f3 with a row of spine-like pv; fore tarsus modified in a different way; cercal plate and sternite 5 as in col. pl. III: 49, 50.........................................................2

2. $: tar1-1 and tar1-2 with a row of more or less scale-lake pv setulae, tar1-5 unmodified. Common in Madagascar..............................pennitarsis Stein

- $: tar1-1 and tar1-2 unmodified, tar1-5 with a characteristic dilated and flattened at apex setula. Widespread in Africa, recorded from Reunion, uncommon in Madagascar......desjardinsii Macquart

9. Lispe longicollis group, subgroup 1

Notes on the L. longicollis group. The Lispe longicollis species-group was proposed by Hennig [1960] based on the characteristic shape of a vein M which is distinctly curved forward at apex. Hennig divided the group into two subgroups: Subgroup 1 includes the species with ventral seta on t2 (usually absent in L. microptera) and the meron with hairs above the hind coxa; Subgroup 2 includes L. assi-milis Wiedemann, 1824, L. glabra Wiedemann, 1824, L. manicata Wiedemann, 1830, L. nuba Wiedemann, 1830 and L. pacifica Shinonaga & Pont, 1992 with the meron bare and v seta on t2 absent.

The Lispe longicollis group was recently revised by Vikhrev [2012c], but in 2012-2013 an interesting and important new material was collected. This material confirmed my conclusions for Subgroup 2 [Vikhrev, 2013c], so I do not consider this subgroup here again. But newly collected specimens (from Australia, Botswana, India (Gujarat), Kenya, Madagascar and Sri Lanka) allow to add 3 more species to the Subgroup 1 of the L. longicollis group (namely: Lispe paraneo Zielke, 1972, Lispe xenochaeta Malloch, 1923, and described below Lispe dmitryi sp. nov.) and to provide more accurate information about species considered in Vikhrev [2012c]. The identification key is completely revised and is now divided into two parts: one for the reliably separated males and the other for not so reliably separated females. I also found the precise position of the v seta on t2 (av, v or v-pv) to be hardly a usable character and excluded it from the key.

Lispe barbipes Stein, 1908 Col. pl. III: 62

Material examined:

Syntypes: $ (ZMHU): S. W. Afrika / Kalahari / Moocane / a.d. Wasserspiegel / L. Schultze S.; $: S.

W. Afrika / Luderitzbucht / S. Schultze. 5 3 from S Africa and Namibia were listed in Vikhrev [2012c]. New material: Botswana: S Distr., Kanye, 24.95S 25.34E, 1270 m asl, 28-30.01.2013, A.Medvedev, 203, 11?. Remarks. L. barbipes was described from series of 13 and 2 ? from Ostrand der Kalahari zwischen Kanya und Mookane [Stein, 1908]. The type material of L. barbipes in ZMHU was examined by Pont and Werner [2006], for that time it consisted of 1? syntype and probably 13 syntype. The female syntype was labeled "S. W. Afrika / Kalahari / Moocane / a.d. Wasserspiegel / L. Schultze S." [= Botswana, Mookane, 23.7S 26.6E] which agreed with the type locality given in [Stein, 1908]. The putative male syntype was labeled "S.W. Afrika / Luderitzbucht / L. Schultze S." [= Namibia, Luderitz, 26.65S 15.16E], this locality was not mentioned in Stein's paper. Pont and Werner [2006] noted that "there must be some doubt as to whether this is actually a syntype, since the locality [of syntype] ... is on the coast of Namibia rather than at the eastern edge of the Kalahari desert in Botswana." It is unknown whether the existing Stein's 3 syntype is not a syntype or Stein had confused labels, however, in this situation it is best to assume that the true 3 syntype is untraceable at present. In my revision of the Lispe longicollis group [Vikhrev, 2012c] I assumed that the ? syntype and putative 3 syntype in ZMHU were conspecific, but now I came to the opposite conclusion. Currently I have got new material: a large series of L. barbipes auct. from Botswana and a large series of L. paraneo from Madagascar and Botswana. Females of L. barbi-pes auct. have t1 with a row of 4-7 short but strong d setae, as in males, and f3 with rather strong av seta before middle. The doubtless female syntype in ZMHU has none of these characters and fits L. paraneo. Hence the only doubtless syntype which can be found at present is a female conspecific to L. paraneo. However, Stein's description of male leaves doubtlessly refers to L. barbipes in the current sense, while the Stein's true male syntype is untraceable. This makes designation of the existing ? syntype as the lectotype undesirable. In this situation I prefer to retain the current sense of L. barbipes and L. paraneo in spite of the mentioned problems with the name-bearing types of the former. Distribution. Afrotropical: South Africa, Namibia, Botswana.

Lispe cilitarsis Loew, 1856 Col. pl. III: 60

Material examined:

Syntype 3, ZMHU. Also seen by Hennig (1960: 426), [Egypt] Assyud [Asyut], Frauenfeld, 13. 85 3 and ? from Egypt, Ethiopia: Amhara and Oro-mia, Israel, Morocco were listed in Vikhrev [2012c]. New material: Ethiopia, Afar reg., Mille env., 530 m

asl, 11.381N 40.731E, 9.08.2012, NV, 1$. Distribution. Palaearctic: N Africa and Near East. Afrotropical, N Ethiopia.

Lispe dmitryi sp. nov.

Col. pl. III: 55, 56, 57

Holotype, male, Kenya, Nakuru Co., Elementaita Lake, 1800 m asl, 0.46S 36.26E, 20-21.11.2012, D.Gavryushin.

Paratypes: 453, 15$: the same data as Holotype, 263, 11$; Elementaita Lake, 0.477S 36.266E, 1780 m asl, 17.12.2013, NV, 193, 4$. Description. Male (col. pl. III: 55), body length 6.57.5mm.

Head. Frontal triangle remarkably narrow, yellowish-grey dusted; interfrontalia blackish; fronto-orbital plate blakish with 3-5 inclinate and 2 proclinate setae and dense hairs in outer row. Upper parafacials with golden-brown spot, otherwise parafacials and cheek whitish dusted, occiput grey, parafacial with a row of hairs. Antenna black, postpedicel short, only 2 times longer than pedicel. Arista with hairs half as long as antenna width. Vibrissae medium strong. Palpi dirty-yellow.

Thorax. Pleura densely grey dusted, scutellum and disc of scutum brown, thinly dusted; vittae indistinct. prst ac in 5 irregular rows; dc 2+4 (medium, medium+weak, weak, strong, strong); katepisternals 1+2; anepimeron with 10-12 setulae; meron with 2-4 setulae above hind coxa. Wings hyaline, slightly brownish, vein M distinctly curved forward at apex, calypters white, halter yellow. Legs black with grey dusting, only knees and base of tibiae yellowish. f1 with a row of pd setae and a row of pv setulae; t1 with submedian p seta hardly longer than tibia width. f2 with a seta at middle and 2 pd preapicals; t2 with p seta at middle and v seta in apical third, apical 2/3 of pv surface with a row of fine long (2* longer than tibia width) setulae; tar2-1 with a complete row of elongatedp setulae. f3 before middle with 3(2) av (1.5* as long as femur width) and 3(2) pv (weaker and slightly longer than av setae), 2-3 fine v-pv setulae at base, at apex with 1 short pv, preapical av indistinct; t3 with submedian ad and pd setae, av seta absent. Hind tarsus modified: tar3-1 not curved, laterally flattened, in lateral view 1.5* wider than width of t3, on ad surface only with a row of rather short fine setulae.

Abdomen with dense whitish dusting; tergites 3 to 5 with a pair of large black fused spots each. Cercal plate - col. pl. III: 56, sternite 5 - col. pl. III: 57. Female differs from male as follows: body length 7-8mm; t2 and tar2-1without a row of p setulae; f3 with only 1 short median av; hind tarsus simple. Diagnosis. Lispe dmitryi sp. nov. differs from other species of the L. longicollis group, subgroup 1 as is

shown in the keys for males and females below. Etymology. Named after the collector of the type series, Dmitry Gavryushun (Moscow, Russia).

Lispe ethiopica Vikhrev, 2012 Col. pl. III: 59

Material examined: Holotype and 47 $ and $ para-types from Ethiopia, Oromia region, 47 $ and $ were listed in Vikhrev [2012c]. New material: Kenya, Nakuru Co., Elementaita Lake, 1800 m asl, 0.46S 36.26E, 20-21.11.2012, D.Gavryushin, 16$, 19$; Elementaita Lake, 0.477S 36.266E, 1780 m asl, 17.12.2013, NV, 1$, 1$. Distribution. Afrotropical: Ethiopia and Kenya.

Lispe longicollis Meigen, 1826 Col. pl. III: 51, 52

Material examined: over 200 $ and $. New records in addition to localities listed in Vikhrev [2012c]: Belarus, Minsk reg., Barysaw, Berezina R., 54.239N 28.494E, 5.07.2013, D.Gavryushin, 13$, 5$. Kyrgyzstan, Chuy prov, Bishkek, 42.90N 74.62E, 17.09.2013, NV, 3$, 1$.

Russia: Kaliningrad reg., Khrabrovo env.,54.88N 20.60E, 23.08.2013, KT, 1$; Rostov reg., Kamensk-Shakhtinsky env., 48.242N 40.404E, 01.06.2013, NV, 2$ $; Primorsky krai reg., Khanka L., 45.06N 131.99E, 15-19.06.2014, NV, 2$, 2$. Distribution. Palaearctic. Known from C Europe to Far East of Russia. Common on saltish water in Central Asia and Caspian Lowland. The northern limit of distribution is around 55°N.

Lispe microptera Seguy, 1937 Col. pl. III: 58

Material examined: India, Rajasthan state, 25 $ and $ were listed in Vikhrev [2012c]. New material: India, Andhra Pradesh state, Bapatla env., 15.92N 80.47E, 19.02.2014, KT, 2$; Kakinada env., 16.99N 82.27E, 30-31.01.2014, KT, 1$, 1$; Gujarat state: Bhuj env., 23.25N 69.66E, 2-3.10.2012, KT, 14$, 3$; Junagadh, 21.52N 70.46E, 19-21.10.2012, KT, 2$; Somnath env., 20.88N 70.41E, 07.11.2012, KT, 1$; Orissa state, Chilika Lake, 19.68N 85.18E, 4-9.02.2014, KT, 1$.

Sri Lanka, Marawila env., 7.440N 79.816E, 2631.12.2012, NV, 2$, 1$.

Distribution. Known from India, Pakistan (type locality) and Sri Lanka.

Remarks. In the description of female L. microptera (Vikhrev, 2012c) I wrote that the females normally have not v seta on t2. The addition material shows that leg chaetotaxy in L. microptera is more variable: $ t2 with or without v seta; $ t2 normaly without v seta, but rarely v seta present on one leg; t3 without av in $, with av in $.

Lispe paraneo Zielke, 1972 Col. pl. III: 61

Material examined:

Botswana: S Distr, Kanye, 24.95S 25.34E, 1270 m asl, 28-30.01.2013, A.Medvedev, 16$, 8$; N-W Distr, Maun, 19.92S 23.51E, 940 m asl, 3-8.02.2013, A.Medvedev, 5$, 2$; Central Distr., Nata, Nata R., 20.21S 26.18E, 915 m asl, 9.02.2013, A.Medvedev, 4$, 4$.

Madagascar, Toliara env, 23.28S 43.62E, 1819.11.2012, A.Medvedev; 13$, 4$. Distribution. Known from Botswana and Madagascar (type locality).

Lispe xenochaeta Malloch, 1923 Col. pl. III: 53, 54

Material examined:

Australia: NSW, Jindabyne L., 900 m asl, 36.41S 148.60E, 16.02.2013, NV, 3$, 7$. SA: Morgan env., Murray R, 34.03S 139.73E, 10.02.2013, NV, 8$, 8$; Salt Creek, 34.279S 136.168E, 8-9.02.2013, NV, 1$. VIC, Hopetoun, Lake, 35.725S 142.369E, 11.02.2013, NV, 3$, 1$. Distribution. Australia.

Identification key for the L. longicollis species-group, subgroup 1, $

1. Hind tarsus simple. Temperate zone of Eurasia or Australia...............................................................2

- hind tarsus modified: widened and/or curved, with a brush of setae. Africa or Oriental region...........3

2. Apical 1/5 of all femora yellow (col. pl. III: 53); f3 with 2-3 v setae and 1 av seta in basal 1/3; sternites 4 and 3 covered with remarkably dense hairs; cercal

plate - col. pl. III: 54. Australia.............................

.............................................. xenochaeta Malloch

- femora entirely dark, only knees yellowish; f3 without ventral setae at base, submedian av seta placed beyond middle; sternites 4 and 3 covered with ordinary hairs; cercal plate - col. pl. III: 52. Palaearctic ................................................... longicollis Meigen

3. t2 with 1 p only, v seta absent (rarely v present on one leg); f3 in basal half with 4-5 fine long (2-2.5 femur width) pv and 1(2) av; hind tarsus modified: tar3-1 slightly laterally compressed and outward curved, with waved v setulae more dense at base and at apex; tar3-2 with waved v setulae; cercal plate - col. pl. III: 58. Pakistan, India, Sri Lanka .. ................................................... microptera Seguy

- t2 with 1 p and 1 v seta. Chaetotaxy off3 and modification of hind tarsus not as above. Africa..........4

4. f3 without strong av seta(e) (except preapical and long but fine v seta(e) at very base off3); p seta on t1 shorter than tibia width.....................................5

- f3 with strong av seta(e) (either 2 long submedian av or 1 av in basal 1/3);p seta on t1 longer than tibia

width.....................................................................7

5. Hind tarsus shortened, distinctly shorter than t3 length; tar3-1 dorso-ventrally remarkably flattened, at least 1.5* wider than t3, av and pv hairs on tar3-1 at most as long as t3 width; palpi black(ish); mid tarsus simple; cercal plate - col. pl. III: 59. Ethiopia, Kenya.........................ethiopica Vikhrev

- hind tarsus not shortened, at least as long as t3 length; tar3-1 not flattened, at most as wide as t3, av and pv hairs on tar3-1 2* as long as t3 width; palpi yellow..........................................................6

6. Mid tarsus with a row of curled setulae on p surface; cercal plate - col. pl. III: 60. N Africa, N Ethiopia, Near East...............................cilitarsis Loew

- mid tarsus without a row of p setulae; cercal plate

- col. pl. III: 61. Madagascar and Botsvana..........

.......................................................paraneo Zielke

7. f2 basally with 2-3 remarkably strong and long straight ventral spines; f3 in basal 1/3 with 1-2 av and 1 long fine pv; t1 with a row of 5-7 short but strong d setae; t2 and tar2-1 without elongated p setulae; t2 usually without p seta; t3 at apical 1/3 with a tuft of long waved setae on ad to av surface; tar3-1 elongated, strongly downward curved; with long waved v setulae; cercal plate - col. pl. III: 62. South Africa, Namibia, Botswana .... barbipes Stein

- f2 without remarkable spines though several ventral setae present at basal half; f3 before middle with 3(2) av (1.5* as long as femur width) and 3(2) pv (weaker and slightly longer than av setae); t2 in apical 2/3 of pv surface with a row of fine long (2* longer than tibia width) setulae; tar2-1 with a complete row of elongated p setulae; tar3-1 not curved, laterally flattened, in lateral view 1.5* wider than width of t3, without long v setulae; cercal plate -col. pl. III: 56, sternite 5 - col. pl. III: 57. Kenya .. ...................................................... dmitryi sp. nov.

Identification key for the L. longicollis species-group, subgroup 1, $

1. f3 with both submedian and apical av setae. Australia or Palaearctic excluding N Africa and Near East ...............................................................................2

- f3 without submedian or apical av setae. Africa or Indian subcontinent..............................................3

2. Apices of all femora yellow, all tibiae entirely yellow. Australia.........................xenochaeta Malloch

- Only knees yellow, at least t1 darkened. Palaearctic from 55N to 35N......................longicollis Meigen

3. India, Pakistan, Sri Lanka. f3 with submedian av very weak or absent, apical av absent. Palpi yellow..............................................microptera Seguy

- Africa (including N Africa) and Near East...........4

4. f3 with submedian av present and apical av absent. Either t1 with a row of short d setae or t3 without

...................................................................5

- f3 with submedian av absent and apical av present. t1 without d setae or t3 with av............................6

5. t1 with a row of 4-6 short but strong d setae. t3 with av. Palpi yellow. S Africa, Namibia, Botswana ..........................................................barbipes Stein

- t1 without a row of 4-6 short but strong d setae. t3 without av. All tibiae darkened. Palpi brownish, Kenya............................................dmitryi sp. nov.

6. Palpi dark. Ethiopia, Kenya......ethiopica Vikhrev

- palpi yellow..........................................................7

7. N Africa, Near East, North of Ethiopia................

........................................................ cilitarsis Loew

- Botswana, Madagascar..................paraneo Zielke

ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS

I thank Amnon Freidberg (Tel-Aviv), Joachim Ziegler (Berlin), Emilia Narchuk (St Petersburg), David Yeates, Chris Manchester (Canberra) and James O'Hara, Owen Lonsdale (Ottawa) for the very important material from TAUI, ZMHU, ZIN, ANIC and CNC respectively.

I want to express my special thanks to Oleg Kosterin (Novosibirsk) who helped me in many ways. I thank Adrian Pont (Oxford), Dmitry Gavry-ushin and Andrey Ozerov (Moscow), Vera Sorokina (Novosibirsk) for their advices and corrections.

I thank the collectors, especially Konstantin Tom-kovich, Andrey Medvedev and Dmitry Gavryushin for their brave work in rather discomfortable conditions in the remote places in Africa and Eurasia.

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