CC BY
2
intonational norms reveal conventional patterns differing from language to language. Examples would include the controlled use of breathy or creaky voice, spasmodic features (such as giggling while speaking), and the use of secondary articulation (such as lip-rounding or nazalization) to produce a tone of voice signalling attitude, social role or some other language-specific meaning. References:
1. Firth J.R. 1969 Papers in Linguistics: 1934-51. The University Press (1st Pub.1957): Oxford.
2. Golding, William 1954 Lord of the Flies, Faber & Faber: London.
3. Golding, William 1954 Lord of the Flies (Educational Edition 1962) Faber & Faber: London.
4. Kumar, Suresh 1988 Stylistics and Language Teaching, Kalinga Publications, Delhi.
© Ishankuliyeva O.M., Baymyradova S.A., 2024
УДК 37
Orazberdiyev D.Ch.,
teacher of Naval Institute of the Ministry of Defense of Turkmenistan.
Turkmenbashi, Turkmenistan.
THEORY AND PRACTICE OF TEACHING STUDENTS IN HIGHER EDUCATIONAL INSTITUTIONS OF TURKMENISTAN
Annotation
Today, our country is recognized worldwide as a country that prioritizes the interests of scientific and educated youth, prioritizes the creation of the necessary conditions for the proper development of the younger generation and shows an excellent example of the implementation of these tasks.
Key words:
country, education, younger generation, independence, theory.
Оразбердыев Д.Ч.,
преподаватель
Военно-морского института Министерства обороны Туркменистана.
Туркменбаши, Туркменистан.
ТЕОРИЯ И ПРАКТИКА ОБУЧЕНИЯ СТУДЕНТОВ В ВУЗАХ ТУРКМЕНИСТАНА
Аннотация
Сегодня наша страна признана во всем мире как страна, которая ставит на первое место интересы научной и образованной молодежи, ставит во главу угла создание необходимых условий для правильного развития подрастающего поколения и показывает прекрасный пример реализации этих задач.
Ключевые слова: страна, образование, молодое поколение, независимость, теория.
Today, our country is recognized worldwide as a country that prioritizes the interests of scientific and
educated youth, prioritizes the creation of the necessary conditions for the proper development of the younger generation and shows an excellent example of the implementation of these tasks. Teaching methods provide students with scientific skills and abilities, as well as develop students' scientific worldview. Their independence, activity and initiative are developing.
Also, the methodical method is a specific part and element of the teaching method, which is also used as an auxiliary tool. For example, if we take the lecture method, if the teacher uses any teaching tool during the lecture, then this is a methodical method. In other words, a teaching method is a set of methodological techniques used by a teacher. In some literature, methodological methods are divided into the following groups: logical, organizational and technical methods.
In accordance with this division: - logical methods: formulation of the issues under study, presentation of comparison and similarity, results, generalizations; - organizational methods: the teacher lays out educational materials on the table and brings students to them, observes something under a microscope, front-end laboratory works, group works; - technical methods include: showing natural objects, cool films, conducting experiments, creating diagrams on the blackboard, working with tables.
The scheme of the method, taken approximately, can be imagined as follows: - the method of teaching; - put on a task; - the using equipment; - the working process; - the affected object; - the achieved result. Every teacher needs to have a sufficient understanding of teaching methods and their types and be able to adequately use these methods in their daily work practice.
The work of students on the assimilation of textbook material: - observations and experiments; -examples that need to be done; - educational training activities; - formulation and processing of tasks; -performing practical tasks; - performing various creative tasks; - processing of practical tasks; - processing current affairs; - conversations conducted in order to repeat what has been passed; - repetitive generalizing conversations; - control of students' work; - ask verbally; - written verification work; - practical control work;
The lecture method of teaching. This method of oral presentation of knowledge is used to provide basic education to 1st and 2nd year students of higher education institutions.
The narrative method of teaching. This method is a well-known form of speech transmission of knowledge. It is carried out mainly through questions and answers and significantly contributes to the activation of intellectual activity of students.
It is important for the teacher to be very well prepared when using the spoken language method in the classroom. Then he should draw up a broad and clear conversation plan and formulate questions based on this plan. The questions should be clear in their content, wording and understandable to students. Each open question should be able to attract the attention of students and interest them in the lesson.
Advantages of the active method: - coordinates the interaction of the teacher and students during the educational process and allows them to independently determine their level of education; - directs the student's attention to the problem, leads to the ability to find the answer to the question asked, helps to correct their own mistakes when presenting different ideas; - the skills and abilities necessary to establish proper communication with peers are formed, confidence is created that allows you to feel confident and behave freely in the educational process. References:
1. Gujikov H. Military pedagogy. Ashgabat-2018.
2. Haljanov Shamyrat. Independence pedagogy. Ashgabat-1995.
3. А.А.Курбанов, О.Д.Кузьмин. Очерки по истории педагогической мысли в Туркменистане 1886-1940гг. Ашхабад, 1972, Издтельство «Туркменистан», 209 стр.
© Orazberdiyev D.Ch., 2024
