CC BY
3
UDC: 378.004
Majidova Z.A.
teacher of department of foreign languages faculty of agro engineering and hydro melioration Andijan Institute of Agriculture and Agro technologies,
Andijan, Uzbekistan
THE STAGES OF DEVELOPMENT OF E-LEARNING, TECHNOLOGIES OF DISTANCE LEARNING
Annotation: The article considers the stages of development of e-learning, technologies of distance learning. The analysis of software requirements for e-learning is carried out. ICTs develop the parameters of the educational sphere with various programmable technologies and ways of improving students. Also disassembled various software and methodological complexes.
Key words: e-learning, distance learning, technologies of e-Learning, education, computer, formation, factors.
Recently, the concept of e-Learning has become widespread in the world, meaning the process of learning in electronic form through the Internet.
The transition from the traditional form of education to teaching based on computer technology took place over two decades. Since the emergence of large archives located on machine-readable media, the idea of using this material for educational purposes has appeared more and more often.
To a greater extent, such a transition became possible with the development of the global Internet, which made it possible to send any amount of data over long distances, freely communicate with network users online, post information on the Internet, thereby making it available to everyone.
The stages of development of e-learning can be represented in the following sequence:
1) courses on CD-ROMs;
2) distance learning;
3) e-learning technology
Each of the subsequent stages includes the technologies of the previous one. Historically, CD-based courses were the very first. Their main advantages were: an innovative idea, presentation of thematic information on a machine-readable medium, methodologically well-organized training, interactive opportunities, ease of use, accessibility.
As disadvantages, we can note: the limited course, the complexity of creation, the lack of the possibility of modification.
The next stage - distance learning, which represents a different educational approach, made it possible to eliminate the above disadvantages and thereby brought a number of additional opportunities to e-learning. In distance learning,
the basis of the educational process is the purposeful active independent work of the student, who has the opportunity to gain knowledge in a convenient place for himself, at an individual pace, with the available set of special teaching aids with the ability to contact the teacher.
Distance learning is characterized by the following positive aspects: flexibility of the training schedule, an individual learning path that matches your own needs and capabilities; an objective methodology for assessing knowledge, independent of the teacher.
In turn, this form of training also gives teachers additional opportunities to provide students with educational material, i.e. it becomes possible to reach a larger number of students without increasing the load. It becomes obvious that with all the advantages noted, distance learning quickly gained immense popularity in the educational environment. Large corporations have gradually become interested in this form of training, rightly noting that distance learning will allow them to quickly, efficiently and relatively inexpensively, and also, importantly, improve the qualifications of their personnel without interrupting production.
Distance education is a rather popular and promising form of education. To use it as efficiently as possible, a theoretical and technical base of the appropriate level is required. And also an important role in the success of the educational process is played by the interest of the participants in this form of education.13 [1]
The use of the Internet in education, the variety of topics of online courses, ways of their implementation have led to the emergence of a broader term "e-Learning".
The European Commission defines e-Learning as "the use of new multimedia and Internet technologies to improve the quality of learning by improving access to resources and services, as well as remote knowledge sharing and collaboration."
Today, e-learning is understood as a form of education that uses interactive electronic means of providing information: CDs, local area networks, the global Internet. Solving its original task of learning remotely via the Internet, e-Learning technology is also an excellent additional means of full-time education and can be a good way to improve the quality of training in the traditional form of education.
The technology used is the effectiveness of distance learning. The capabilities and characteristics of the distance learning technology used are aimed at ensuring the maximum possible efficiency of interaction between the teacher and the learners within the framework of distance learning.
The main groups of e-learning tools are:
❖ authoring software products (Authoring Packages);
❖ content management systems (CMS);
13 X. Alimova. Modern methods of using information technologies in lessons //Economy And Society. № 6(73) -S.: 2020.
❖ Learning Management Systems (LMS);
LMS Moodle is a tool environment for developing both individual online courses and educational websites. The project is based on the theory of social constructivism and its use for teaching.
The system can create and store electronic educational materials and set the sequence of their study. Due to the fact that access to Moodle is carried out via the Internet or other networks, students are not tied to a specific place and time, they can move through the material at their own pace from anywhere in the world. The electronic format allows using not only text but also interactive resources of any format as a "textbook". All course materials are stored in the system, they can be organized using labels, tags and hypertext links.
Moodle is focused on collaboration. The system provides a lot of tools for this: wiki, glossary, blogs, forums, workshops. At the same time, training can be carried out both asynchronously, when each student studies the material at his own pace, and in real time, by organizing online lectures and seminars. The system supports the exchange of files of any format - both between the teacher and the student, and between the students themselves.14 [2]
Moodle creates and stores a portfolio of each student: all submissions, teacher grades and comments, forum posts. Allows you to control the "attendance" - the activity of students, the time of their academic work in the network. As a result, the teacher spends his time more efficiently. It can collect statistics on students: who downloaded what, what home buildings they made, what test scores they got. Thus, to understand how the students understood the topic, and with this in mind, offer material for further study. Moodle has solutions for all possible learning management tasks. If there is no ready-made solution yet or it is imperfect, the functionality of the system can be easily expanded.15 [3]
List of references:
1. X. Alimova. Modern methods of using information technologies in lessons //Economy And Society. № 6(73) -S.: 2020.
2. Aldashev I. Use the specific properties of the computer, allowing you to individualize the educational process and turn to fundamentally new cognitive means //Economy And Society. № 6(73) -S.: 2020.
3. Qodirova G.T. The use of computers to improve the professional level of teaching and learning//Economy and Society. № 6(73) -S.: 2020.
4. Gulomjonova M. Introduction Of Remote Learning Technologies In Organization Of The Educational Process Of Higher School. International journal. Questions of science and education. 32(82). p.71.
5. UNESCO World Report on Communication and Information 1999-2000. - M. - 2000.
14 Aldashev I. Use the specific properties of the computer, allowing you to individualize the educational process and turn to fundamentally new cognitive means //Economy And Society. № 6(73) -S.: 2020.
15 Qodirova G.T. The use of computers to improve the professional level of teaching and learning/Economy And Society. № 6(73) -S.: 2020.
