CC BY
20
DOI 10.14526/01_1111_152
THE SKILLS FORMATION OF MANAGING PEDAGOGICAL HIGHER EDUCATIONAL ESTABLISHMENT STUDENTS' CULTURAL-LEISURE ACTIVITY
Denis V. Edyshev - post-graduate Ulyanovsk State Pedagogical University named after I.N. Ulyanov, 4, area of 100 th anniversary of V.I. Lenin's birth, Ulyanovsk, 432700, Russia
E-mail: edyshev@bk.ru
Annotation. Teachers' professional competence improvement is the main condition of educational state system development, the importance of which is in oncoming generation upbringing and training for highly productive labor in terms of their spiritual-moral development level increase. Cultural-leisure activity has a great potential for cognitive abilities development, educational sphere broadening, the need for self-development and self-upbringing formation. However, a powerful potential of cultural-leisure activity can be realized in case of effective control over free time of children, teen-agers, students. Research methods: scientific-methodical literature analysis and summarizing, pedagogical experiment, testing, statistical data handling. Materials. The problem of the skills formation of cultural-leisure activity management can be solved by means of general pedagogical approaches use to students' purposeful activity organization: system approach, personality-activity-based approach, culturological and axiological approaches. It is necessary to know their role for the effectiveness of pedagogical process increase, the continuation of which is in the sphere of free time. Results. The skills formation of these approaches rational use provides not only theoretical, but also methodical and practical readiness of the future teachers to fulfill effective organization of cultural-leisure activity with children, teen-agers and students. The results of the pedagogical experiment showed, that each of considered approaches has specific opportunities for the realization of the objectives of junior, mid and senior age students development and upbringing during free time, which supplements with the upbringing opportunities of the teaching staff of a school. Conclusion. During the pedagogical experiment the effectiveness of created by us methodology of cultural-leisure activity management skills formation was revealed and it proves the opportunities of a sufficient professional competence increase among the future teachers as a result of the realized purposeful activity connected with self-development and self-upbringing. The received results showed the prospectivity of the offered approach to the level of professional readiness increase among teachers by means of cultural-leisure activity management skills formation. Keywords: cultural-leisure activity, professional competence, pedagogical experiment, methodology.
Urgency. Professional competence increase is the main objective of a future teacher. An important feature of competence many specialists (I.A. Zimnyaya, 2001; M.M. Levina, 2001; E.F. Zeer, 2007 and others) consider the ability to fulfill an objective, many-sided life conditions analysis of the subjects of educational-upbringing process, the level of their spiritual-moral and intellectual development. An objective information concerning educational level, the indices of the upbringing level of children and teen-agers, the peculiarities of each pupil
character a teacher can get during organized cultural-leisure activity, where he fulfills the role of its supervisor.
Having objective information about the level of mastered knowledge, attitudes to educational-upbringing process, interrelations with teachers and other members of pedagogical collective of a school, class-mates and other people, a teacher should reveal, analyze and estimate the ways of pedagogical influence on pupils, which provide negative features of a personality elimination in terms of using positive ones; select kinds and forms
of cultural-leisure activity, which create the conditions for moral qualities demonstration, mastered norms of behavior strengthening and creative potential realization. One of the main objectives of educational process is a mindset to the personality formation of high moral standards, able to fulfill creative, constructive labor and constant development and improvement.
The aim of this article is to substantiate theoretically the importance of philosophic-psychological-pedagogical approaches
complex effective use, which provide many-sided development of a personality with a distinct civic position.
Objectives: 1. To reveal the most important approaches, which provide cultural-leisure activity management skills formation, which provides a future teacher's professional competence increase.
2. To create the methodology of these approaches use and check its effectiveness during the pedagogical experiment.
Materials. Theoretical-conceptual theses of the specialists in the sphere of philosophy, psychology, pedagogics determine the main directions of the state program creation of professional competence increase among the future teachers, who are able to manage effectively cultural-leisure activity, as a powerful factor of pedagogically realized personality transformation [2-5]. Competence provides the ways of social-communicative abilities development, which provide difficult educational and upbringing problems solution of oncoming generations
Methodological theses, which form the base of professional competence, are based on system, personality-activity-based,
culturological and axiological approaches use.
System approach helps to study the interests, abilities, needs of pedagogical influence subject in different conditions of his life, which discover the peculiarities of his character.
Personality-activity-based approach helps to create the situations for own perception of the world, views to reality formation; purposefully form world view; predict possible difficulties, conditioned by the
need realization for self-development and self-upbringing, for constant increase of professional competence.
Axiological approach use has the following aims:
- humanistic content of the future professional activity achievement, which is oriented at readiness formation to solve existing problems by means of constant self-development;
- socially important personal qualities upbringing, which are necessary for successful pedagogical activity: the necessity to see a personality in a pupil; reveal his positive qualities and taking them into consideration correct drawbacks during mutual activity with a child;
- senior pupil inspiration to take part in socially useful activity, during which there appear situations for self-affirmation , self-rating increase, confidence upbringing.
These approaches used in cultural-leisure activity helps to solve successfully different objectives of upbringing children, teen-agers and students, using its powerful potential, which helps to transform personality in a given direction by means of purposeful pedagogical influence [1, 4 ].
Results and their discussion. In order to check this thesis a pedagogical experiment was held. 168 students (I-III courses) of a pedagogical University took part in the experiment. The control group (CG) and the experimental group (EG) were organized, each group included 84 people.
In order to reveal the initial level of the skills formation of these approaches use we created evaluation criteria, which help to reveal the level of the future teachers professional readiness and the degree of their readiness to organize effective cultural-leisure activity. During system approach realization the integral notion skills of cultural-leisure activity opportunities for the subject study in different situations, which demand a definite level of cognitive processes formation; the abilities to set relations with people; reveal and use the most effective methods of pedagogical influence, which provide positive features of
personality strengthening and on their basis correction of the drawbacks.
Evaluation criteria:
5 points - a student has a distinct notion of cultural-leisure activity opportunities for a purposeful influence on a personality, personality involvement into socially important forms and kinds of activity.
4 points - a correct notion of cultural-leisure activity content; the ability to create the algorithm of pedagogical influences on an individual for his abilities, skills, needs revelation, which determine the character and style of life; the ability to select effective ways of positive influence on the subject of upbringing.
3 points - a general notion of cultural-leisure activity, which has the opportunities for individual peculiarities revelation among children and teen-agers and a complex use of different forms of individual's free time organization for the level of his education and upbringing increase.
2 points - partial notion of cultural-leisure activity as an additional factor of schoolchildren upbringing (of different age); readiness to use its separate forms, which don't demand special training.
1 point - underestimation of cultural-leisure activity importance for a purposeful influence on children and teen-agers. Inability to set the definite upbringing objectives during the separate kinds and forms of pupils' free time organization.
Evaluation criteria of the ability to use personality-activity-based approach is the level of its importance understanding for worldview formation; a rational attitude to environment, setting relations and interconnections with people.
Evaluation criteria:
5 points - understanding of cultural-leisure activity opportunities for the level of worldview revelation among teen-agers and students, the necessity understanding to demonstrate own position concerning reality. The ability to form the readiness to overcome difficulties and problems during education at school.
4 points - the necessity understanding to monitor the behavior of children and teenagers during their free time organization, personal qualities study, which determine the choice of means and methods for negative traits of character correction.
3 points -the necessity realization to take part in children's and teen-agers' behavior, actions correction; their worldview formation. However, not always an effective selection of the means and methods, pedagogical influences for personality transformation in a chosen direction.
2 points - the importance understanding of personality-activity-based approach for the upbringing process control; difficulties in its realization during interaction with children and teen-agers during free time.
1 point - this approach is used during additional consultative help of a teacher from a higher educational establishment.
In order to reveal the formation level of culturological approach skills the following criteria were used: the necessity realization to increase general culture of children, teen-agers and students during cultural-leisure activity as one of the ways of own professional competence improvement; the ability to involve pupils into kinds and forms of leisure activity organization, which provide general values mastering, accumulated by people in the sphere interrelations and interaction of people.
Evaluation criteria:
5 points - the attitude to cultural-leisure activity as to one of the directions of own professional competence improvement; the necessity understanding to realize the objectives of general culture increase among schoolchildren of all ages as the basis of a responsible attitude to the process of education and upbringing at school.
4 points - understanding a great potential of cultural-leisure activity for professional mastery increase, the ability to select the forms of free time organization, directed at children's, teen-agers' and students' culture of behavior increase in different conditions of life.
3 points - the attitude to cultural-leisure activity as to an important sphere of
pedagogical labor; tendency to use the limited number of free time organization forms, which doesn't let to solve fully the objectives of general culture increase among schoolchildren of different age.
2 points - insufficient realization of cultural-leisure activity opportunities as a factor of general culture upbringing skills formation the skills formation among schoolchildren; inability to organize emotional, interesting cultural-leisure activity of pupils.
1 point - lack of understanding concerning the opportunities of the problems solution of children's and teen-agers' general culture increase during free time organization; inability to work with pupils independently during free time.
Evaluation criteria of axiological approach increase used to cultural-leisure activity organization are its orientation to self-development as the main condition for professional self-determination, self-actualization and self-development.
Evaluation criteria:
5 points - humanistic orientation of cultural-leisure activity use; the ability to set additional contacts; new personal qualities of a subject revelation, which help to form a deeper notion of a an individual's personality, the ability to use the forms of cultural-leisure activity in accordance with the interests, needs and abilities of pupils;
4 points - the ability to use different forms of cultural-leisure activity for the better understanding of behavior peculiarities among children, teen-agers and students, more effective ways of free time organization setting in order to solve the problems of upbringing the need for socially useful activity;
3 points - the opportunities of cultural-leisure activity understanding for the motives of activity study among schoolchildren of different age; the degree of their involvement into educational, social, life and other spheres of activity; some difficulties with the choice of the adequate forms of cultural-leisure activity , which provide closer connection with children and teen-agers;
2 points - the notion of cultural-leisure activity opportunities for setting contacts with schoolchildren of different age; however, some difficulties while organization and realization of different forms of cultural-leisure activity, conditioned by lack of theoretical and practical readiness to fulfill pedagogical activity;
1 point - underestimation of cultural-leisure activity importance for a closer interaction with children and teen-agers; the need for additional help during games, physical-sports activity and other forms of free time organization and realization.
The research materials analysis didn't reveal considerable differences according to the level of cultural-leisure activity management skills formation among the students of the CG and the EG (p>0,05). In the CG cultural-leisure activity was realized by Cultural center of a higher educational establishment in accordance with the program; in the EG created by us methodology of cultural-leisure activity management skills formation was used, which included the following:
- the essence explanation of a system approach while free time organization of students; its opportunities for many-sided study of subject's behavior, actions peculiarities; the necessity understanding of different pedagogical situations creation and use, which condition different features of a personality demonstration;
- the importance explanation of personality-activity based approach, which helps to find the ways of involvement a subject into different kinds of activity, which demand abilities and skills of psycho-emotional state control, which determine the character of actions, deeds, selection of the communication ways and interaction with people of different age, professional activity, life and social experience;
- the peculiarities of culturological approach revelation, which has great opportunities for selection of the effective forms, means and methods of general cultural values mastering, accumulated at different stages of social development; technologies of communication increase behavior culture,
interaction not only with people around, but also with nature, environment; pedagogical situations were created, which helped to reveal the level of behavior culture, speech culture, gestures, mimicry use in different conditions and the methods of pedagogical influence use for the level of general culture increase among children, teen-agers and students as one of the main directions of their socialization;
- the methodology of axiological approach use, concerning cultural-leisure activity, provided special activity organization, directed at value orientations formation of the future teachers and a steady need for self-upbringing and self-development, as an important condition for a successful upbringing work with schoolchildren of different age.
Different pedagogical situations were used, which demand from students of a pedagogical higher educational establishment special skills of interaction with "difficult" teen-agers. These abilities and skills absence helped to understand future teachers the importance of their mastering by means of constant modeling of possible variants of children and teen-agers behavior and the search for the ways of control over their activity. Students were recommended to create the algorithm of their actions concerning rational interaction setting with "difficult" children and teen-agers.
After the end of the pedagogical experiment one more estimation of the formation level of cultural-leisure activity management skills formation among the students of the CG and the EG, using the same evaluation criteria, was held. The research materials analysis showed, that the results improved in both groups, however, in the EG they turned out to be sufficiently higher. In the CG with the initial indices in formation level of system approach realization skills during free time organization - 2,58±0,17 points, to the end of the pedagogical experiment the results increased till 2,72±0,14 points (p>0,05); in the EG with the initial indices 2,53±0,19 points to the end of the pedagogical experiment the results increased till 3,37±0,21 points (p<0,05). In the CG with the initial indices in
formation level of the skills of personality-activity based approach use during free time organization 2,67±0,20 points to the end of the experiment the results increased till 2,77±0,16 points (p>0,05); in the EG with the initial indices 2,69±0,17 points the indices increased and were 3,51±0,22 points (p<0,05). The same tendency of the results improvement in the EG was revealed according to other approaches to cultural-leisure activity organization.
Conclusion. Thus, cultural-leisure activity gives great opportunities for interests, skills and needs realization of the future teachers, the demonstration of which is conditioned by a free choice of the most attractive kind of activity in accordance with the inclinations of the pedagogical influence subjects. The results of the pedagogical experiment showed great importance of culture-leisure activity skills formation management during the main approaches use to this kind of professional activity organization: system, personality-activity based, culturological, axiological, each of which has specific opportunities for behavior, deeds and actions control of pupils in different, specially created, pedagogical situations, which provide latent abilities and skills development. Experimental effectiveness check of organization skills methodology formation and different forms of cultural-leisure activity organization of the future teachers showed the expediency of its application in a future professional activity.
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Submitted: 11.11.2016 Received: 14.11.2016
Denis V. Edyshev - post-graduate Ulyanovsk State Pedagogical University named after I.N. Ulyanov, 4, area of 100 th anniversary of V.I. Lenin's birth, Ulyanovsk, 432700, Russia, E-mail: edyshev@bk.ru
