8Chirchik State Pedagogical University Current Issues of Modern Philology and Linguodidactics
Staatliche Pädagogische Universität Chirchik Aktuelle Fragen der modernen Philologie und Linguodidaktik
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THE ROLE OF LEXICOGRAPHY IN LINGUISTICS
Muhammadhoji Umidbek o'g'li Aribjonov
Student, Chirchik State Pedagogical Unversity, Uzbekistan E-mail: muhammadhoj iaribjonov@gmail .com Scientific adviser: Nafisa Raimovna Kobilova
ABSTRACT
This article examines the importance of lexicography within the field of linguistics today, analyzes the goals and functions of lexicography, and examines how it differs from lexicology. It highlights how lexicography serves as a valuable tool for language documentation, analysis, and preservation. Additionally, it underscores the indispensable nature of lexicography in linguistics, illustrating its essential role in language documentation, analysis, theory development, and the preservation of linguistic and cultural heritage. By comprehensively exploring the various facets of lexicography, this article highlights the mutually beneficial relationship between lexicography and linguistics, promoting a comprehensive understanding of the crucial role dictionaries play within the field.
Keywords: Lexicography, lexicology, dictionary, books, computer programs, theoretical lexicography, vocabulary, bilingual lexicography, bilingual dictionary
INTRODUCTION
Lexicography is a science that studies lexicons and is divided into two separate scientific disciplines. This is the art of creating dictionaries. Applied lexicography is the art or craft of compiling, writing, and editing dictionaries. Theoretical lexicography scientifically studies the semantic, orthographic, syntagmatic and paradigmatic features of the lexemes of the language lexicon (dictionary), develops theories of vocabulary components and structures that connect the information contained in the dictionary, uses certain types of users. determines information needs. situations and how users can best access information included in print and electronic dictionaries. This is sometimes called "metalexicography". Unlike lexicology, there is some disagreement about the definition of lexicology. Some use "lexicology" as a synonym for theoretical lexicography; others use it to mean the branch of linguistics that deals with the inventory of words in a particular language. A person dedicated to lexicography is called a lexicographer.
The main tasks of lexicography and the difference from lexicology In general, lexicography focuses on the design, compilation, use, and evaluation of
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Chirchik State Pedagogical University Current Issues of Modern Philology and Linguodidactics
Staatliche Pädagogische Universität Chirchik Aktuelle Fragen der modernen Philologie und Linguodidaktik
^hjrchiqdavlat^edagGgika^niversiteti^^^^^^^Za
general dictionaries, that is, dictionaries that describe language in general use. Such a dictionary is usually called a general purpose dictionary or a LGP (Language for General Purpose) dictionary. Specialized lexicography aims to design, compile, use and evaluate specialized dictionaries, that is, dictionaries devoted to a (relatively limited) set of linguistic and factual elements of one or more specialized fields of science, for example, legal lexicography. Such a dictionary is usually called a specialized dictionary or a language dictionary for specific purposes, and according to Nielsen 1994, specialized dictionaries are multi-field, single-field or sub-field dictionaries. Nowadays, it is widely recognized that lexicography is not a sub-branch of applied linguistics, but a unique scientific discipline, because the main research object of lexicography is the dictionary. Lexicography is the practice of creating books, computer programs, or databases that represent lexicographic work and are intended for public use. These include dictionaries and thesauri, which are common sources that provide various aspects of lexicology such as spelling, pronunciation, and meaning. Lexicographers are tasked with defining simple words as well as determining how compound or complex words or words with multiple meanings can be clearly explained. They also decide which words to keep, add or remove from the dictionary.
Practical lexicographic work involves several activities, and the compilation of well-prepared dictionaries requires careful consideration of all or some of the following aspects:
-profiling the intended users (ie, linguistic and non-linguistic competencies) and identifying their needs
-determine the communicative and cognitive functions of vocabulary -selection and arrangement of vocabulary components
-choosing appropriate structures to represent information in the dictionary (ie, frame structure, distribution structure, macro structure, micro structure, and cross-reference structure)
-choosing words and affixes to systematize as entries -choosing compounds, phrases and examples
-selecting lemma forms for each word or part of word to be lemmatized
-defining words
-organize definitions
-determine the pronunciation of words
-listing and assigning definitions and pronunciations for the dialect -selection of equivalents in bilingual and multilingual dictionaries -translation of phrases, expressions and examples in bilingual and multilingual dictionaries
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Chirchik State Pedagogical University Staatliche Pädagogische Universität Chirchik Chirchiq davlat pedagogika universiteti
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Current Issues of Modern Philology and Linguodidactics Aktuelle Fragen der modernen Philologie und Linguodidaktik Zamonaviy filologiya va lingvodidaktikaning dolzarb masalalari
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-design the best way for users to access information in print and electronic dictionaries
One of the important goals of lexicography is to keep the lexicographic information costs of dictionary users as low as possible. Nielsen (2008) suggests relevant aspects that lexicographers should consider when creating dictionaries, as they all affect users' impressions and actual use of specific dictionaries.
Theoretical lexicography deals with the same aspects as lexicography, but aims to develop principles that will help improve the quality of future dictionaries, such as data access and the cost of lexicographic data. Several perspectives or branches of such academic dictionary research have been distinguished: "dictionary criticism" (or the evaluation of the quality of one or more dictionaries, for example through reviews (see Nielsen, 1999), "dictionary history" ( or tracing dictionary traditions).type of dictionary or lexicography in a particular country or language), "dictionary typology" (or classification of different genres of reference, such as dictionary and encyclopedia, monolingual and bilingual vocabulary, general and technical or pedagogical vocabulary), "vocabulary structure" (or formatting different ways of presenting information in the dictionary), "vocabulary use" (or vocabulary monitoring the reference efforts and skills of its users) and "vocabulary IT" (or computer-assisted application of the process of dictionary compilation). One important issue is the status of "bilingual lexicography" or the construction and use of a bilingual dictionary in all its aspects.
CONCLUSION
In conclusion, today lexicography has become a big field, and mixing it with lexicology has proven to be a mistake in many ways. We can see that lexicography has now become one of the most important and necessary fields of linguistics, and it is gratifying that the research so far has not been in vain.
REFERENCES 1.
Jackson, Howard (2017-10-02), "English Lexicography in the Internet Age", Routledge Handbook of Lexicography, Routledge, pp. 540-553
2. Jarasova, TT (2020). English Lexicology and Lexicography: Theory and Practice (2nd ed.). Almaty: Kazakh National University named after Al-Farabi. Pages 93-94
3. Johnson, Samuel (1785). English dictionary. London: JF and C. Rivington et al.
4. Henry George Liddell, Robert Scott, Greek-English Lexicon, at Perseus Digital Library, 2021-04-12
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