0Chirchik State Pedagogical University Current Issues of Modern Philology and Linguodidactics
Staatliche Pädagogische Universität Chirchik Aktuelle Fragen der modernen Philologie und Linguodidaktik
^hirchiq^avlat^edagogika^niversi^
THE LIFE AND WORKS OF CHARLES DICKENS
Zarifakhon Makhsud kizi Mahmudova
A Student of Chirchik State Pedogogical University Scientific advisor: Hasan Uzairovich Axmedov
ABSTRACT
The central, recurrent issue across Charles Dickens' whole body of work is examined in this article: the "theme of childhood and education." Here, we look at the prevalent forms of young heroes in Dickens' writing.
Keywords: Melodramatic aspects, Esther Summerson, Bleak House, Skimpole's icy resides.
Introduction
One of the "eternal themes" of world literature is childhood, a concept that has persisted throughout history despite being reinterpreted at various points in time. Children's literature started to emerge to guide the kid from the gap as the primary object of education since children's education and their ability to discover their position in the future society depended on the age of enlightenment. (John Stevens asserts that reading for young readers fosters constructive thinking regarding the sociocultural values that both the author and the reader share.)
The 19th-century English classic Charles Dickens's materials and worldview heavily revolve around the issue of childhood. The two greatest gifts that Chesterton thought Dickens possessed were "the ability to write funny and, of course, the ability to depict the terrible."
Because Dickens has been able to "touch common human chords" for centuries, people from all around the world have been drawn to his works. The author's continuous heroes were decent, nice, and fair people. Made famous by his understanding of the inequities and changes in English life, Dickens also served as a catalyst for the dreams and hopes of countless of others.
Dickens's writings became mocked for a long time after his death, and society didn't fully recognize the significance of his work until the early 1900s.The author's writing style and the stories in his books are both influenced by his biography. Due to the fact that 12-year-old Charles was forced to quit school to work as a newspaper reporter, his father was a stingy person who culminated up in debtors' prison in 1824. He held positions as a court and parliament reporter, a secretary, and a staff member at a factory.
As a reporter, he noted on current affairs while attempting to ascertain their causes. The conflict between good and evil, which emerges in all of the author's works, is the main theme of his writing. Dickens's love of kids may be fully explained by a thorough examination of his motivations, encompassing his "unlived" childhood, the circumstances of
April 23-24, 2024
778
Chirchik State Pedagogical University Current Issues of Modern Philology and Linguodidactics
Staatliche Pädagogische Universität Chirchik Aktuelle Fragen der modernen Philologie und Linguodidaktik
Chirchiq davlat pedagogika universiteti Zamonaviy filologiya va lingvodidaktikaning dolzarb masalalari
his personal life, the quirks of his psychology and worldview, etc. Children and the "childish" are fundamental to his works.
Dickens's literary works, with titles like Oliver Twist (1839), depict the growth of a character from boyhood onward. Melodramatic aspects, simplified character characterization (good characters are always nice, and evil characters are always evil), an appropriate conclusion for the work, and detective aspects are instances that demonstrate characteristics of originality.
Dickens rose to fame mostly as the consequence of his earliest works of literature, which comprised the novel "The Antiquities Shop" (1841), the cycle "A Christmas Carol" (1848), "Little Dorrit" (1857), "Great Expectations" (1861), and later "David Copperfield" (1850).
Dickens' perspective on childhood is distinct; it's viewed through the eyes of a young child who was exposed to adulthood at an early stage and thus witnessed hardship, adversity, deprivation, and agony. A great deal of Dickens's characters are orphans. For instance, David Copperfield was born adhering to the passing of his father, whereas Bleak House's protagonist Esther Summerson was reared by her godmother. According to Oliver Twist, "he would have screamed even louder if he could have known that he was an orphan, left in the merciful care of churchwardens and overseers."
Dickens attributes "freshness of feeling, simplicity, enthusiasm, a charming, artless inability to engage in everyday affairs" to the "ideal child." Dickens's tiny heroes are not your typical kids growing up in a typical home with loving parents; rather, they are victims of life's injustices and perils. Furthermore, the fate of these children is no less dramatic and tragic, regardless of whether they come from wealthy or lower-class homes. Dickens depicts Paul Dombey's death by the extreme conceit of a "loving father" in a realistic and fair manner. Paul Dombey is the author's cherished son and has never experienced the suffering or loneliness of being an orphan.
When David Copperfield's stepfather indicates up in the family, his carefree upbringing is destroyed. Here, Dickens demonstrates the depth of the misperception that befalls the brutally chastised David, who sits by himself in the room and tries to piece together why such a steady and fortunate life has seemingly fallen apart. Dickens thought that a person's internal conflict between good and evil is reflected in the interaction between an adult and a kid.
The Adventures of Oliver Twist is the first "educational novel" in the vein that Dickens often explored. The storyline of these works is comparable: a child who is abandoned by his parents is pursued by family members who want to take advantage of his vulnerability and look for inheritance. The hero escapes the wicked networks, obtains an inheritance, and is accepted by society through a strange set of circumstances. Dickens makes Oliver indicate flawless; he refuses to allow anything touch him, even when he is around con artists, throughout the entire novel.
779
April 23-24, 2024
Chirchik State Pedagogical University Current Issues of Modern Philology and Linguodidactics
Staatliche Pädagogische Universität Chirchik Aktuelle Fragen der modernen Philologie und Linguodidaktik
This book could be categorized as biographical. By displaying the paths the hero individually followed, the author demonstrates the hero's development. In this case, the distinction between good and evil is hazy; the author finds it difficult to discern between the heroes' virtues and vices, giving greater weight to the heroes' development spiritually. Dickens regularly uses this literary trick in his novels, using character deaths to ease tensions in numerous manners.
Dickens envisioned that childhood was a universal attribute shared by all people, regardless of age. "If you have not learned to live a spiritual life in any bustle, at any pace: preserve your childhood, comprehend simple phrases, and see the main thing, this is non-existence," is a quote by S. Marshak that is applicable in the present context.
Dickens immerses his diminutive protagonists in a frightening vicious, and brutal environment in an attempt to arouse sympathy and compassion in the reader. The meek characters of Dickens are the progeny of bad weather. Nobody aids them, no one sends them a guardian angel, no one explains the moral norms and the tenets of our society, and no one holds their hand and leads them through life.
Conversely, they turn into mentors and supporters: Agnes Wickfield prevents her father from drinking, David looks after the recklessly Micawber couple, Nellie saves her insane grandfather from ongoing problems, and Amy Dorrit has employed as a seamstress and laundress since she was seven years old. Their life places them in an iron framework that demands maturity on a daily basis: patience, responsibility, and forethought. However, these aren't frail elderly folks. The turbulent simplicity and reckless truthfulness of youth are perhaps best captured by none other than Charles Dickens.
Upon closer inspection, you will see that every small hero in Dickens's books has an own universe, albeit one with varying dimensions. Children heroes who are deeply, bitterly, and selflessly living. Children who work, whose early years were far from innocent, who got to know life from the bottom up, but who haven't lost the ability to be satisfied or surprised, are still little fidgeters and creators. Victims who are children merely in terms of age; they lack the fortitude and capacity to withstand life and establish themselves in it.
Dickens represents adult characters as opposed to children. These are confident, self-assured people. However, the author most enjoys depicting adults who have kept all of their childlike traits.
Mr. Pickwick, whose gullibility occasionally verges on lunacy and whose totally childlike, defiant, impetuous friendliness is commonly dubbed eccentricity, is one of the most well-known naturally naive adults. However, Pickwick feels sad for everyone, including the cunning Jingle who deceived him so much, like a really decent child would.
Pickwick is the head of a brilliant line of kids who have gotten older and developed gray hair, but who haven't changed at all. They are mostly characterized by their lack of interpersonal understanding. They are unaware of the "predatory eye" of worldly experienced individuals - not because they lack vision, but rather because they reject their
April 23-24, 2024
780
Chirchik State Pedagogical University Current Issues of Modern Philology and Linguodidactics
Staatliche Pädagogische Universität Chirchik Aktuelle Fragen der modernen Philologie und Linguodidaktik
Chirchiq davlat pedagogika universiteti Zamonaviy filologiya va lingvodidaktikaning dolzarb masalalari
own kind because they believe that all people are equal and that sorting is impossible. Regarding them, the proverb goes, "To the pure, everything is pure."
Mr. Jarndyce from Bleak House is another thoroughbred Dickensian child of mature years, and his spiritual greatness is his ability to trust. An exceptionally perceptive guy, he has spent years as friends with the werewolf Skimpole, who deftly preys on the kindness of Bleak House's proprietor. Jarndyce is forbidden from bending morally far enough to descend into the abyss where Skimpole's icy and crafty spirit resides. Conclusion
In the final analysis, Dickens believes that the most important aspects of infancy are kindness, sincerity, belief, and regret. Nevertheless, these are components of an ideal evangelical character. Dickens is a brilliant writer, but he's also a great Christian writer, as L. Tolstoy once said, "Sift through world literature, what remains is Dickens."
REFERENCES
1. Dickens Ch. The Adventures of Oliver Twist. - M.: Astrel, 2011. - 224 p.
2. Dickens Ch. Christmas stories. - M.: Eksmo, 2010.
3. Dickens Ch. The life of David Copperfield, as told by himself: a novel - M.: Eksmo, 2010. - 928 p.
4. Dickens Ch. Bleak House. - M.: Eksmo, 2009.
5. Smirnov S.D. The world of images and the image of the world // Bulletin of Moscow State University. Ser. 14. Psychology. - 1981. - No. 2. - P. 17, 23.
6. Cherkasova T.M. Types of children's character in the works of Charles Dickens // Higher education today. - 2007. - No. 2. - P. 58-60.
7. Cherkasova T.M. Childhood as imagined by Charles Dickens // Philological science in the 21st century: the view of the young. Materials of the IV All-Russian Conference of Young Scientists. - M.; Yaroslavl: Remder, 2005. - pp. 364-368
781
April 23-24, 2024
