0CHARLES DICKENS AS A FOUNDER OF CHRISTMAS GENRE IN BRITISH
LITERATURE
Roza Sapargeldi qizi Abdullayeva
abdullayevaroza40@gmail.com Student, Chirchik State Pedagogical University, Uzbekistan Scientific adviser: Elvina Reshatovna Kenjali An EFL teacher, Chirchik State Pedagogical University kenj elya18@ gmail .com
ABSTRACT
Charles Dickens' impactful influence on British literature is most notably evident in his founding of the Christmas genre, a legacy that continues to define the spirit of the season for readers worldwide. Through his timeless works such as "A Christmas Carol," Dickens crafted narratives that resonate with themes of compassion, redemption, and the transformative power of the holiday season, establishing him as a visionary architect of the festive literary tradition. This article explores Dickens' profound contributions to the Christmas genre in British literature, highlighting the enduring significance of originality and creation of genre of Christmas. And it provides information about the history of the creation of "A Christmas Carol", which belongs to the Christmas genre, and the importance of the feelings and experiences of the characters.
Keywords: Victorian, Christmas, timeless, statement, works, "A Christmas Carol", child.
ANNOTATSIYA
Charlz Dikkensning Britaniya adabiyotiga ta'sirchan ta'siri uning butun dunyo bo'ylab kitobxonlar uchun mavsum ruhini belgilashda davom etuvchi Rojdestvo janriga asos solganida yaqqol namoyon bo'ladi. Dikkens o'zining "Rojdestvo karoli" kabi abadiy asarlari orqali rahm-shafqat, qutqarish va bayram mavsumining o'zgartiruvchi kuchi mavzulari bilan rezonanslashadigan rivoyatlarni yaratdi va uni bayram adabiy an'analarining ko'ruvchi me'mori sifatida tasdiqladi. Ushbu maqola Dikkensning Britaniya adabiyotidagi Rojdestvo janriga qo'shgan ulkan hissasini o'rganib, o'ziga xoslik va Rojdestvo janrining yaratilishining doimiy ahamiyatini ta'kidlaydi. Rojdestvo janriga mansub "Rojdestvo karol" asarining yaratilish tarixi, qahramonlarning his -tuyg'ulari va kechinmalarining ahamiyati haqida ma'lumot beradi.
Kalit so'zlar: Viktoriya, Rojdestvo, abadiy, bayonot, asarlar, "Rojdestvo Kerol",
bola.
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Chirchik State Pedagogical University Current Issues of Modern Philology and Linguodidactics
Staatliche Pädagogische Universität Chirchik Aktuelle Fragen der modernen Philologie und Linguodidaktik
Chirchiq davlat pedagogika universiteti Zamonaviy filologiya va lingvodidaktikaning dolzarb masalalari
INTRODUCTION
One of the most significant writers of the Victorian era, Charles Dickens, is well known for his moving books that bring life in his day to life. By highlighting the socioeconomic conditions, institutional weaknesses, and cultural norms of the time, his engrossing characters, vivid descriptions, and riveting stories brought the streets of London to life. Dickens experienced severe poverty and adversity during his early years.
Beginning in 1883, Charles Dickens began publishing descriptive and short stories for newspapers, which were later collected as Sketches by "Boz" (1836). On the basis of this book, Dickens was given the go-ahead to compose a historical novel in Scott's style, he subsequently published as Barnaby Rudge in 1841. By coincidence, his abilities were channelled into something more distinctive. He agreed to provide the text for a run of humorous engraving in February 1836. The Pickwick Papers (1836-1877), one of the funniest novels in English literature, was the unexpected outcome. The monthly installments sold more than 40, 000 copies by July 1837. Both Dickens ' exceptional popular appeal and the Victorian novel's enormous creative potential were established at the same time. His writing career began as a parliamentary reporter before he catapulted into fame with his serial publications like "The Pickwick Papers," "Oliver Twist," "Nicholas Nickleby," and later, standalone works like "David Copperfield," "Bleak Ho use," and "Great Expectations."
LITERATURE REVIEW
While the Victorian author didn't actually invent Christmas, he did renew -and redefine - its generous spirit.
By Professor Ken Gelder, University of Melbourne: Looking back from our vantage point of a century and a half, Charles John Huffam Dickens appears truly deserving of the moniker "The Man Who Invented Christmas," as bestowed upon him by London's Sunday Telegraph on 18 December 1988. He managed to convey to his younger counterparts that it was his initiative, rather than the Young England Movement led by Benjamin Disraeli or the Oxford Puseyites, which played the pivotal role in restoring the essence of the grand Christian festival. This rejuvenation was necessary as the festival had witnessed a decline in Great Britain following the massive urbanization spurred by the industrial revolution since the late eighteenth century. Paul Davis, in his work The Lives and Times of Ebenezer Scrooge (1990), recounts the story initially narrated by Theodore Watts-Dunton in 1870 about Dickens. On June 9th of that year, while strolling down Drury Lane close to Covent
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Garden Market, Dunton overheard a heartfelt exclamation from a Cockney barrow-girl upon learning of the illustrious novelist's demise: "Dickens dead? Then will Father Christmas die too?" Undeniably, for those of us hailing from British origins, Dickens' pivotal role transcends that of any other figure in breathing new life into Christmas traditions that had faced near extinction.
LITERATURE REVIEW
"In fighting for Christmas he was fighting for the old European festival, Pagan and Christian, for that trinity of eating, drinking and praying which to moderns appears irreverent, for the holy day which is really a holiday "
This statement captures how Dickens viewed Christmas, both in his personal experiences and his literary works. His deep reverence for the holiday as a cherished tradition from bygone days, his focus on reminiscing about the past, aligns with the sentiments of his peers and, as highlighted by Chesterton, evolves into a significant and enduring theme in Dickens' writing.
RESULTS AND DISCUSSIONS
Embracing Childhood and Family: Due to Dickens' strong sense of nostalgia, there was a growing focus on childhood, especially during Christmas. As traditional festive activities were revived, Victorian Christmas celebrations began to emphasize the importance of family over community gatherings. Children became the focal point of the holiday, symbolizing its essence. This child-centered shift during the Victorian era was closely intertwined with Dickens' writings, where themes of childhood feature prominently.
Exploring Childhood and Christmas Spirit in Literary Works: Dickens' works, from "Oliver Twist" to "Great Expectations," explore the experiences of children, capturing both their challenges and joys. Dickens played a key role in promoting the idea of Christmas as a time for children, drawing from his personal memories to infuse his stories with poignant childhood imagery. The depiction of Scrooge's lonely school days during the holidays in "A Christmas Carol" evokes a sense of childhood loneliness, highlighting the transformative power of festive cheer. Dickens' narrative also emphasizes the connection between children and the spirit of Christmas, with his portrayal of merry children serving as a poignant reminder of the holiday's essence.
Dickens' Christmas Legacy in "A Christmas Carol ":In many of his writings, Dickens celebrated Christmas, but it was his famous work "A Christmas Carol" published in 1843, that cemented our traditional Christmas imagery of wintry
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Chirchik State Pedagogical University Current Issues of Modern Philology and Linguodidactics
Staatliche Pädagogische Universität Chirchik Aktuelle Fragen der modernen Philologie und Linguodidaktik
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weather outside and warmth, feasting, and family togetherness inside. Drawing on his own experiences of a modest family background, Dickens fondly recalls a Christmas where family gatherings were the heart of joy, unity, and anticipation, filled with nostalgic games like Snap Dragon and Blind Man's Buff that even his character Bob Cratchit enjoys with his family on Christmas Eve.
CONCLUSION
Dickens's iconic work, "A Christmas Carol," exemplifies themes of compassion, redemption, and the transformative power of the holiday season. Dickens' impact on the Christmas genre is explored in this article, emphasizing the importance of originality and creation in establishing a lasting literary tradition. His writings shed light on the harsh realities of Victorian society, including poverty, labor conditions, and the mistreatment of children. Dickens' fondness for Christmas is evident in his personal experiences and literary works, with a particular emphasis on childhood. He depicts the importance of family and the joy of the holiday season through his portrayal of children and their experiences. Dickens' deep reverence for the holiday is reflected in his nostalgic reminiscing and his portrayal of memorable childhood moments. Through his profound contributions, Dickens has left a lasting impact on the spirit and celebration of Christmas worldwide.
REFERENCES
1. Ackroyd, Peter. Dickens: A Biography. London: Sinclair-Stevenson, 1990.
2. Yusupova Muxabbat, Djalilova Aytkul, Xoshimova Dilnoza, Aminova Sohila. History of English and American literature. Chirchiq-2023
1. https://englishpluspodcast.com/charles-dickens-and-his-impact-on-victorian-society-understanding-the-power-of-literature/
2. https://pursuit.unimelb.edu.au/articles/did-charles-dickens-invent-christmas
3. https://victorianweb.org/authors/dickens/xmas/pold1.html
4. https ://victorianweb. org/authors/dickens/xmas/pva63.html
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