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THE IMPORTANCE OF CREATION OF NEW TERMS AND TERMINOLOGY IN THE FIELD OF GEOLOGY Turdikulova Barno Toirkulovna
Senior Lecturer, Gulistan State University, Uzbekistan Karimova Zaynab Abduamitovna
Senior Lecturer, Gulistan State University, Uzbekistan
ARTICLE INFO__ABSTRACT
Received: 30th December 2023 Accepted: 04th January 2024 Online: 05th January 2024
KEY WORDS Concept and terminology, professionalism, structural-genetic, lexical-semantic,
morphological, language of science and technology, terminological system.
Introduction. In the world of linguistics, the need for modern terms in cross-sections is slightly higher than that for ordinary words. Consequently, the growth in the number of terms in some sciences and fields exceeds the amount of general lexicon used in this field. Terms represent the semantic core of a specific domain-oriented language in any language. As in all languages, geological terminology in English and Uzbek embodies important discoveries and achievements of technical development and serves to represent scientifically based concepts and notation systems. As technical terms used in a specific field, terms are limited to their specific functional purpose. Based on the necessary requirements in all areas of science, technology and politics, terms serve to clearly express concepts and names of facts. This in turn leads to the terms being used interchangeably in field texts. Although if we look at the history of linguistics and the appearance of the word concept in various systematic languages, we can roughly determine the history of its origin from which it was formed the combination of the Latin word terminus, which appeared in the Middle Ages, and the ancient Greek word logos, which means "concept", doctrine, etc. We can [1] observe the appearance of word terminology more closely in relation to the word concept. Due to the development of the linguistic concept in the middle of the 20th century, the terminology was distinguished from the science of logic and the term itself was adopted into linguistics. In modern linguistics, scientists have now provided clear definitions of the concept of the term. We have considered it appropriate to consider below the concept, professionalism, terminology, concepts, nomenclature and other theoretical views of foreign and domestic linguists and terminologists on the subject. Therefore, any research should be based on theoretical conclusions, scientific analysis and the views of experts in the field. Therefore, it can be said without exaggeration that the term, as the main unit of the specialized lexicon, has a strict lexical-conceptual and semantic structure. At the
The article discusses the concepts of terms and terminology in the field of geology and gives their interpretation. It is shown how important the creation of new terms and concepts is for the formation of terminological systems related to geological branches. The opinions of some scientists have been expressed on this issue.
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same time, the term is used to provide basic information and express its basic meaning. When analyzing the works on the terminology of various fields, the terms in the field of physics and mathematics meet all the existing requirements for the concept of a general term and form the basis of the languages of this field. Therefore, terminology, as an independent, independent science, currently has its own laws and research methods, a classification system, its own interpretation and, of course, its own directions of development. For example, physical-mathematical terminology corresponds to modern scientific requirements for terminology, but also has its own semantic, structural and developmental requirements.
It should be noted that in most languages a term can sometimes be included in different terminological groups. As a result, it was observed that there was a phenomenon of cross-industry homonymy in terminology. For example, we can observe that the term reaction is often used in the fields of 1) chemistry, 2) physiology, and 3) political science, and that the term reduction is often used in the fields of 1) philosophy, 2) law, and 3) phonetics.
Results and Discussion. In modern linguistics, within the framework of the science of terminology in English, Russian and Uzbek, methods and methods of regulating scientific terminology are studied in such areas as medicine, information technology, tax and customs, banking and finance, sports and sports, treasury, ecology, biology, Chemistry and physics-mathematics are developed. developed.As a result of a certain period of use and mass adoption, it can be observed that the existing terms and words of each language merge and the boundaries between them become unclear; This means that the term used in one subject area is also used in the broadest sense in other subject areas. Therefore, the terms are subject to derivative, grammatical, phonetic and other similar laws of language, and the terminologization of words in common speech occurs through assimilation or imitation of foreign language elements. According to Lotte, each term has a clearly defined place in the terminological system of a particular field in relation to other terms, depending on the position of the term in the system of all existing terms.
In the field of linguistics, there are several accounts of the use of conceptual terminology and its use in spoken and written discourse. The term terminology was first used by the German linguist Schutz in 1786. This term appeared in French in the 18th century. In English, the word terminology was first officially used in 1801 in the Oxford dictionary [4]. The authors of the Longman dictionary explained the word "terminus" as a term. In the explanatory dictionaries of the Russian language, the word "term" appeared in the first half of the 18th century. Due to historical development, the word term was used in Russian in a slightly different form in oral and written language in the first half of the 19th century; that is, this concept was used as a means of expressing common names [6]. It is no exaggeration to say that thanks to the efforts of world linguists and the development of science, the term "term" has a clear meaning and a perfect definition.
Problems like the concept of terms and terminology, the object and subject of the field, and research methods and techniques became urgent issues in linguistics in the 1930s, when the theoretical and practical development of terminology problems had just begun. R. G. According to Kobrin, "Terms and terminology do not appear by themselves; rather, they arise as a result of specific extralinguistic factors and the advancement of science and technology. Given the relationship between science and technology and socio-economic domains,
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discussing the social determinism of terminology is appropriate. Terminology is a particular area of the lexicon that can adapt to outside factors and expresses how society has influenced language [7]. Every term in the subsystems of the scientific language has a specific meaning. Consequently, the occurrence of linguistic processes like polysemy, synonymy, homonymy, the formation of complex or multi-component terminological phrases, the formation of different types of shortened forms, and the phenomenon of internationalization directly depend on extralinguistic or non-linguistic factors in addition to language components. However, some linguists concentrate on the characteristics that set terminology apart from ordinary literary language. Upon examining terminology as a separate entity, Danilenko observed that there are several distinct characteristics that set it apart from literary language, including functional, structural-genetic, lexical-semantic, morphological, word formation, and normative-methodical aspects [8]. Think of it as a circle with unique characteristics that intersects with SMI terminology and the universal lexicon, a hybrid (interlocking)" sphere that does not represent a single terminological system [9]. Thus, we will attempt to analyze the geological terminological system in both English and Uzbek as a distinct object in the practical portion of our research. Words like "a terminological space" and "a terminological sphere" (also known as a terminological shell) can be found. He introduces the concept of terminology as an empirical materialization of the concept of "terminology" as a set of terms by demonstrating that, if any lexical unit is evaluated as a term, then it is located in a pre-existing terminological space, based on the significance of terminology as an independent science. From a linguistic perspective, the lexical sphere can always contain a terminological field, unlike the text's terminological sphere. Consequently, according to K. According to Kageura, the terms "terminological space" and "terminological sphere" refer to particular environments.
Unlike the general language system, the terminological system is a distinct and special system of linguistic signs, making it another system of semiotic nature. A term only qualifies as an element, or a component of the common language, when its meaning is widely understood. For example, the openness of logical relations between the concepts within a particular body of knowledge explains the conceptual, systematic nature of the terminological system. Any terminology system is defined precisely by a theoretical direction, a scientific school, or a technical idea and is always in contact, in contrast to the language's general lexicon [11]. After examining linguists' perspectives and conducting extensive research on terminology from a linguistics perspective, we have developed the following methodological guidelines: 1) Terminology is an open subsystem of language; 2) It has its own internal laws that are shared by the language and are closely related to society; 3) Terminology: it covers terms used in a particular field of society as a whole; 4) Linguistic opposition: a dialectical unity of oppositions; 5) The term is a language reflection of subjects, phenomena, and concepts found in science and technology; 6) Terminology is a historically developing linguistic phenomenon related to the history of the development of science and technology; 7) Terminology is a social phenomenon of any language; 8) Terminolo.
Any national or literary language has its own distinct terminology. The professional activities that language speakers engage in are closely linked to this phenomenon. Each science, field, production method, technology, and craft has its own terminology systems made up of terms. Firstly, terminological systems identify and characterize the conceptual relationships
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between specific fields of study and professional knowledge concepts, then attempt to articulate these relationships through language. Hence, language is a cognitive and structural component of branch and scientific knowledge. More scientific terms and concepts can be expressed in a language by the richer the terminology of that particular field. Any field influences language content through terminology, and as a result, the language infuses the field with its scientific vocabulary.
Nowadays, terms serve a practical purpose in field communication by serving as a means of identifying and transferring information or by serving as a vehicle for knowledge (technical and scientific knowledge). Hence, terms in contemporary linguistics ought to be merged and unified in the direction of specific specializations, or they ought to be employed as standardized units or suggested by science. This justification will lead to the appearance of a set of terms that must adhere to specific standards and those that do not. Terms that are being standardized, terms that have already undergone standardization, and terms that have not yet undergone standardization are all included in this classification. International standardization is deemed significant for this set of terms, which are associated with the fields of science and technology and are subject to mandatory standards. These terms are particularly frequently used.
Conclusion. The provided list of terminological classifications illustrates the complexity of the process of terminological formation in the languages under study, the fact that it can be applied to groups of terms in any discipline—geology in particular—and the usefulness of classifying terms in a particular category based on their unique linguistic characteristics, scientific nature, logical standards, and guiding principles. The relevance of terms' locations and functions in diverse domains of socio-political life in contemporary society is demonstrated by this classification.
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