CC BY
15
HayKOBHH BicHHK .HHyBMET iMeHi C.3. I^H^Koro, 2017, t 19, № 77
HayKOBHH BicHHK .HbBiBCbKoro HamoHaibHoro ymBepcHTery BerepHHapHoi mcahuhhh
Ta 6ioTexHonoriH iMeHi C.3. r^H^Koro Scientific Messenger of Lviv National University of Veterinary Medicine and Biotechnologies named after S.Z. Gzhytskyj
doi:10.15421/nvlvet7714
ISSN 2518-7554 print ISSN 2518-1327 online
http ://nvlvet.com.ua/
UDC 661.158.636.085 / 087
The impact of low-quality veterinary medicines processing and feed additives
on the environment
V. Vischur1, V. Velychko2, O. Hentosh1, B. Gutyj1 v.vishchur@gmail.com
'Lviv national university of veterinary medicine and biotechnologies named after S. Gzhytskyj, Pekarska Str., 50, Lviv, 79010, Ukraine;
2State Scientific-Research Control Institute of Veterinary Medicinal Products and Feed Additives,
Donetska Str., '', Lviv 79019, Ukraine
Considering the requirements of the European Union for the quality and safety of veterinary drugs, feed and fodder additives and contamination of the environment with waste production, topical issue is the waste of utilization veterinary products of not quality: veterinary drugs and feed additives. Conducted analysis of waste utilization methods of veterinary drugs, feed and fodder additives will help manufacturers of veterinary products to use such methods of destruction of defective raw materials and drugs, which increase the culture of production and promote the fight for the health of animals and poultry, and therefore are safe for human health, is practical and economically feasible, not causing the environmental damage, make it possible to destroy the waste to the extent of their education.
Key words: veterinary drugs, feed additives, environment, recycling.
Вплив переробки неяккних ветпрепара^в та кормових добавок
на стан довкшля
В.Я. Вщур1, ВО. Величко2, О.П. Гентош1, Б.В. Гутий1 v.vishchur@gmail.com
^beiecbKrn нацюнальний утверситет ветеринарног медицини та бютехнологт iMeHi С.З. Гжицького,
вул. Пекарська, 50, м. Львiв, 79010, Укра'та;
2Державний науково-до^дний контрольний iнститут ветеринарних nрenаратiв та кормових добавок,
вул. Донецька, '', Львiв, 79019, Украша
Враховуючи вимоги Свропейського союзу до якостг та безпечностг ветеринарних препаратгв, кормге та кормових добавок i забруднення природного середовища в1дходами виробництва, актуальним е питання утил1зацп в1дход1в неяюсног ветеринарноï продукцп: ветеринарних препарат1в та кормових добавок. Проведений анал1з метод1в утил1зування в1дход1в ветеринарних препарат1в, корм1в та кормових добавок допоможе виробникам вeтeринарноï продукцп використовувати таю методи знищення нeякiсноï сировини та препарат1в, ят тдвищують культуру виробництва продукцп та сприяють здоров 'ю тварин i птищ, а вiдповiдно е безпечними для здоров 'я людей, е практичними та eкономiчно доцыьними, не нано-сять шкоди навколишньому середовищу, дають можяивкть знищувати вiдходи в мiру ïхутворення.
Kmnoei слова: ветеринарт препарати, кормовi добавки, довкшля, переробка.
Citation:
Vischur, V., Velychko, V., Hentosh, O., Gutyj, B. (2017). The impact of low-quality veterinary medicines processing and feed additives on the environment. Scientific Messenger LNUVMBT named after S.Z. Gzhytskyj, 19(77), 60-62.
Науковий вкник ЛНУВМБТ iменi С.З. Гжицького, 2017, т 19, № 77
Влияние переработки некачественных ветпрепаратов и кормовых добавок
на состояние окружающей среды
В.Я. Вищур1, В А. Величко2, О.П. Гентош1, Б.В. Гутый1 v.vishchur@gmail.com
'Львовский национальный университет ветеринарной медицины и биотехнологий имени С.З. Гжицкого,
ул. Пекарская, 50, г. Львов, 79010, Украина;
2Государственный научно-исследовательский контрольный институт ветеринарных препаратов и кормовых добавок, ул. Донецкая, '', г. Львов, 79019, Украина
Учитывая требования Европейского союза к качеству и безопасности ветеринарных препаратов, кормов, кормовых добавок и загрязнения внешней среды отходами производства, актуален вопрос утилизации отходов некачественной ветеринарной продукции: ветеринарных препаратов и кормовых добавок. Проведенный анализ методов утилизации отходов ветеринарных препаратов, кормов, кормовых добавок даст возможность производителям ветеринарной продукции использовать такие методы уничтожения некачественного сырья и препаратов, которые повышают культуру производства продукции и способствуют здоровью животных и птицы, практичны и экономически целесообразны, не приносят вреда внешней среде, дают возможность уничтожать отходы по мере их образования.
Ключевые слова: ветеринарные препараты, кормовые добавки, окружающей среды, переработка.
Contamination of the environment with waste production, poses a threat to animal health, according deteriorating and quality indicators of products. Therefore bad quality drugs and waste products technology of emissions with the release of veterinary drugs, feed, feed additives and premixes is the most harmful waste group. According to the Basel Convention (1998), waste production and processing of pharmaceutical products, pharmaceuticals, medicines and drugs, which did not found sales, waste production, obtaining and use of biocides and phy-to-pharmaceuticals belong to the so-called Yellow list, and all without exception are defined as hazardous. The real question is, that the waste products are formed and accumulated (the poor quality, unsafe products, production whose shelf life is over) and fall to landfills for household waste to landfill or municipal sewage collectors.
Waste products are dangerous of pharmaceutical products for veterinary medicine, as possible the environmental pollutants with bioactive chemicals. Environmental pollution by technological elements, and therefore the products are dangerous to human health.
During the last years is observed the tendency to a rapid increase in the number and assortment of veterinary drugs, feed and feed additives. At the same time there was a problem of increasing the waste production. So the question of utilization and processing of waste of veterinary drugs is extremely an actual problem today.
Problematic to ensure ecological balance of environment is veterinary medicines of dubious quality, are not registered in Ukraine, ie not tested for quality and safety, counterfeit and falsified. So, by 2016 veterinary inspectors, veterinary medicine GNIKI veterinary preparation and fodder additives and in circulation was detected 241 drug, unregistered in Ukraine, which accounted 8.6% of the total species of veterinary products, presented at the Internet market. Besides the 5 drugs, namely Tactics (Bipin) manufacturer PE «Famaton», Vetrimxine-50 manufacturer Ltd. «Seva Sante Animal», Trisulfon LLC «KRKA» powder and suspension and so on were falsified.
Utilization of poor quality, unsafe products manufacturing of veterinary products, feed and fodder additives is carried out by various methods, including: by the method of purging, encapsulation, auto-claving, dilution with water and sink to the central collector and method of high-temperature incineration.
Encapsulation method consists in the process of transformation into a monolith of substandard drugs in a closed volume by using the binders.
Inertization method is the process of converting in monolith of poor quality and stale veterinary preparations, feed and feed additives using binding materials with subsequent crushing and dispersal.
The method of autoclaving consists in the performed of physical and chemical processes for 239 at high pressure and high temperature.
Method of dilution with water and drain to the central collector consists in diluted with water of dosage forms having dosage form as solutions and syrups in the ratio of 1 to 200 and in a gradual drain into collector.
High-temperature combustion method consists in utilization of any organic waste through the use of industrial furnaces for the manufacture of cement, coal power plants, foundries and special-waste crematorium.
Each method has a right to exist. However, there is a risk factor of environmental pollution utilization. This especially concerns the method of dilution and discharge into municipal collector. The fact is that treatment plants are not designed for this type of pollution. Existing technological scheme of wastewater treatment can not provide sufficient level of cleaning of bioactive chemical pollutants that in turn leads to deterioration of ecological safety of the environment.
After analyzing the effectiveness of methods of disposal the low quality hazardous waste products for veterinary medicine, as well as feed and feed additives, the most expedient method is to use high-temperature incineration. The so-called of pyrolysis - controlled process of decomposition of organic compounds under the effect of high temperatures. When using this method, are destroyed all organic components of waste. It should be noted that when using high-temperature incineration, all poor quality
Науковий вкник ЛНУВМБТ iMeHi С.З. Гжицького, 2017, т 19, № 77
and stale veterinary drugs, feed, feed additives and pre-mixes, as well as the toxic products become absorbed slag product. Incineration process is conducted in industrial furnaces, temperature of which reaches 1200-20000 C. Neutralization of waste occurs at a temperature within a few seconds.
Modern heat boilers are offered on the market of Ukraine - crematorium of wide model range, which allows you to set furnace depending on the needs and volumes of utilization.
For utilization of especially hazardous waste is advisable to use utilizers - crematorium, completed with a secondary combustion chamber and exhaust gases cleaning system. The data heat boilers-crematorium are certified according to ISO 9001-2000.
An important factor in their application are:
- biosafety;
- practicality and autonomy;
- the use of energy from waste;
- no smoke and odor;
- disposal of waste as far as their education.
An essential factor is the price component. The method of high-temperature incineration of waste by modern crematoria is much cheaper from other methods of waste disposal. This method complies with the requirements of environment safety and utilization, well as control emissions of hazardous substances into the atmosphere according to GOST 17.2.3.02 and DSP201-97, protection of soil from the contamination of household and industrial waste according to SanPiN 42-128-4690.
Taking into account the experience of individual enterprises on utilization of poor quality production can be regarded as high-temperature combustion method is effective and feasible in the use and complies with the environmental, technological and technical requirements of waste disposal, of poor quality and stale products of veterinary medicine, substandard feed, feed additives and pre-mixes.
Conclusions
After a thorough analysis of methods of disposal hazardous waste products of low quality for veterinary medicine, as well as the feed and feed additives, the most expedient method for using is a method of high-temperature incineration. In the application 240 of this method, all
organic waste components are destroyed and toxic substances become absorbed by slag product. Very important is that the high-temperature combustion method complies with the requirements of environmental pollution from domestic and industrial waste.
Perspectives of further research. Further study of issues relating to the utilization of poor quality production for veterinary medicine. Preparation of information material for the utilization for manufacturers and consumers of products for veterinary medicine.
References
Zakon Ukrainy «Pro veterynarnu medytsynu» vid
25.06.1992 r. (in Ukrainian). Zakon Ukrainy «Pro osnovni zasady derzhavnoho nahliadu (kontroliu) u sferi hospodarskoi diialnosti» vid 28.12.2007 r. 241 (in Ukrainian). Zakon Ukrainy «Pro vyluchennia z obihu, pererobku, utylizatsiiu, znyshchennia abo podalshe vykorystannia neiakis-noi abo nebezpechnoi produktsii» vid 15.05.2003 r. (in Ukrainian). Zakon Ukrainy «Pro vidkhody» (in Ukrainian). Zakon Ukrainy «Pro okhoronu navkolyshnoho
seredovyshcha» (in Ukrainian). DSTU 2195-1999 (HOST 17.9.0.2-1999). Okhorona pryrody. Povodzhennia z vidkhodamy. Tekhnichnyi pasport vid-khodu. Sklad, vmist, vyklad i pravyla vnesennia zmin (in Ukrainian). GOST 17.2.3.02-78. Ohrana prirody. Atmosfera. Pravila ustanovlenija dopustimyh vybrosov vrednyh veshhestv promyshlennymi predprijatijami (in Russian).
SanPiN 42-128-4690-88. Sanitarnye pravila soderzhanija
territory naseljonnyh mest (in Russian). DSP 201-97. Derzhavni sanitarni pravyla okhorony atmosfernoho povitria naselenykh mist (vid zabrudnennia khimichnymy ta biolohichnymy rechovynamy) (in Ukrainian). Pravyla provedennia utylizatsii ta znyshchennia neiakisnykh likarskykh zasobiv, shcho zatverdzheni Nakazom MOZ Ukrainy vid 08.07.2004 r. № 349 (in Ukrainian).
Cmammn nadiumna do peda^ii 30.03.2017
