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мьгеьизь яитдаичиъ ЪЧ UnЗ^UL-SЪSЪUUЧUЪ ^ПГОПЬЪЪПЬ^ЗиЪ ¿Ъ5ЪЧиЪ£ЪЪГС ЧГиШИЪПЬи
4tuhpmií Sbp-Umpbnujmb*
PmhmjJi pmmbp 4pmummb--0rnppJm hmpmpbpnipjnibbbpJ qmpqmgtfmb qJbmtfJ-Цш, unip hmpgmqpnitfbbp, pntppm^mb «фшфтЦ nidp» 4pmummbnitf, hm^mpntp-ршЦшй mpmtfmqpnipjnibbbp, pntpp-^pmgm^mb hm^unipjnibbbp UgmpJmjnitf:
hbpmèmpjntb
2014p. tfmjJuJ б-Jb ^pJ[JuJnitf mbg^mg^bg Uqppb^mbJ, 4pmurnmbJ b fàrnppJmjJ bm^mqmhbbpJ qmqmpmdnqn^p, npJ pbpmgpnitf pbbmp^bgJb bnm^nqü hmtfmqnphm^nipjmb mnmbgpmjJb hmpgbp: Ujq JpmqmpÁnipjnibp цшшЬЬ mnJp hmnmjbg, np^buqJ 4pmurnmbJ pmqmpm^mb b hmbpmjJb pbbmp^itfbbpnitf ^bpu^u^bb pnipp-^pmgm^b hmpmpbpnipjnibbbpJ bbp-Цш mnmbàbmhmm^ipjnibbbpJb b mqmqm tfJmnitfbbpJb b^Jp^k Wb^Jp-bbpJ mphmphnitfbbpp: Zb^bgJb mmpmpbnijp ^phJpbbp pb J2Wmbnip¡mb, pb pbqqJtfmqJp b mprnm^nphp^mpmbm^b nidbpJ ^qtfJg, npnbg hmtfm-qpnitfp gnijg t mmjJu, np pnipp-^pmgm^b hmpmpbpnipjnibbbpnitf mpàm-bmqp^mh Á.bnppbpnitfbbpJ ^qpJb шпЦш bb ÜJ 2WP unLp hmpgmqpnitfbbp:
Znq^^J ЬцшшшЦЬ t ^bpinLÜb^ pnipp-^pmgm^b hmpmpbpnipjnibbb-pJ qmpqmgtfmb qJbmtfJ^b, hJtfbm^b mnmbàbmhmm^ipjnibbbpp hmrn-^^bu 2012-2013pp. J2WшbшфnWnlp|nlbJg hbsn, mjq qnphpbpmgJ 4bpш-pbpjm[_ hmumpm^^b-pmqmpm^b pb^[nitfbbpp: Znq^knitf pbbmp^ ^nitf bb ÜJ 2mpp hmpgbp, npnbp ^bpmpbpnitf bb pnipp-^pmgm^b pmqmpm-ЦшЬ b mbmbum^b hmpmpbpnipjnibbbpp ^mjtfmbm^npnq qnphnbbbpJb, 4pmummbnitf «pnippm^b фшфтЦ nidJ» ^pmntfmb шпшЬ^ЬшЬшшЦпъ-pjnibbbpJb b qpmbg b^mtfmtfp ^p^gm^b J2Wmbnip|nibbbpJ b hmumpm-Цпър]шЬ pb^nitfbbpJb: U^mpJmjJ opJbm^^ mbqpmqmpà t ^mmp^nitf bmb 4pmg-pnLppm4mb hmpmpbpnipjnibbbpnitf шпЦш hm^unipjnibbbpJb:
' 'ïïшmüшЦшb qJmnipjnibbtpJ p^bm&ni:
Ч.Shp-UшplшuJшh
<21-pi] IUP», pM 1 (6З), 2016p.
hü 2014p. qшpüшü£ ЧpшuшшünLÜ ^шшшр^шЬ ntunLÜ^uM-pnLpjnLÜbhpM шрцпъйрйЬр^:
ßntpppmjpрищшршЦшЬ шnш£bшhhppnLp■Jmbbhp]l 4ptuutambmií. фп^шйшрщ qhpm¡ujntpjníbbhp
Zшpш4ш]Mü Чn4¡шuM hp¡pbhpM ^штИш^ ^ntpp^jM ршцшрш^шйтрзшй 4hpшphp]ШL шп^ш nLunLtf^uMpnLpjnLbbhp^ цш]üшüш¡шünphü ^phjM t pшdшühL UM ршЪМ ^üphpM UM ^ntüp nLunLÜ^uMpnqbhpM ^ph^pn^ Z^-Чn4¡шunLÜ ^n^pp^ü и^ш^Ь^ h ^ш^^дЬ^й t huшш¡ h hшü£üiqp¡nl.ü шшpшhш2P2Шüш]Mü рш^рш^шй^рр^й, npM шplJnLÜpnLÜ üpшü hш2nl4hl_ t ]шпйш[_ шшpшhш2P2Шüш]Mü qnphnü 2шш ip^qbhpnLÜ 2p^ügh[n4 шüqшü ЛnLuшuшшüMü: UjnLu ^ntüp nLunLÜ^uMpnqbhpM ^p&Mpn^ Z^-Чn4¡шuM РФШРШЬУПФ hp¡pM ^штИш^ fàmpp^jM ш.йЬдш& рш^шрш-¡шй nLqhqM&b t npn2nLÜ hшÜ£ÜihшünLp ш2^шphшpшlшpш¡шü шпш^Ьш-hhppnLpjnLÜbhp^, hhшhшpшp шйшЬ^М t ^nuh[_ hшÜ£ÜihшünLp hшpш4-¡п^ш^шЬ рш^шрш^шЬпър^шЬ h ^ntpp^jM шшpшhш2P2Шüш]Mü qnphnü iMühjnL d^u^b: Uшuüш4npшцhu, UpшшpMü hhшшqnшnL-
pjnLÜbhpM MüumMsnLrnM 4hpl.nLhшpшü иш]р^ UhuMphM ^üiU^tfp ФПФРМШЬ шpihü t ¡п^ш^шЬ mhpnLpjni.ü, h Чn4¡шunLÜ qnphnLÜ t
«^ntpp^jM Чп^ш^шЬ hшtfш¡шpq£», npmhq ^ntpp^b ^¡ш^^й t np^hu «шпhшpш]Mü qhpM2WшünLp]nLÜ nLÜhgnq hp¡Mp»: ^ш ^p&Mpn^ U]pph^üM h ЧpшuшшüM hhs Ьпш^п^И hшtfшqnphш¡gnLpJшtfp üшpшш-hpш4hp t ühm^hL mшpшhш2p2шüм np^hu ftnшшumшüM ¡nqüMg ¡шпш4шp-^nq шшpшhpM ^шт^ш^ hшü^üihшünLp hшünqünLÜpMü [1, p. 111]: ёш]^ Zшu hшüшLuшpшüM ^pn$hunp и^ршр ЭЬ^рфш^шф [2, p. 27-28] h êшpühqM hMüüшipшUM 4hpLm-&шpшü Ршдошй Рш^ММ [3, p. 49] ^p&Mpn^ ^ntpp^jM hшüшp Чpшumшü£ ^phnp^ntü t Ьш^шпш^ Чn4¡шu h Чhüшpnüш-
¡шй Uu^ шühüш¡шpá h ¡шръй й^шйдршфй nLqM Ьшпш]Ь|пъ цшш^шпп^, Mu¡ ЧpшuшшüM ühpqpш4nLÜ^ Чшuц]шü tühpqhmM¡ nhunLpuühpM шшpшü-gM¡ &pшqphpnLÜ h ^ntpp^jM ühpipnLÜühp^ ^шдш^шй mümhunLp^ü üh^ hp¡nL hp¡pühpM rnürnhunLpjnLÜühpü шüiшпüш|Mnphü ФП^Ш^^Ш^П^ШЬ üh^ hü iph^: Uju^Mun^, 4hpLm-&шpшüühpM ühh üшuß hшüш¡шphMp t, np рш^шрш^шй qhpш¡ш]nLp]nLÜühp^ ЧpшuшшünLÜ qhpшqшügш-
<21-pq nUT», pfii¡ 1 (6З), 2016p.
Ч.Sbp-UшpbnuJшh
^bu ^mjümbm^np^h bb 4mu^jmb b ЦbbmpnbшuJшЦшb tbbpqbшJЦ ^m2mpbbpJ qb^J b^pn^m mpmmhmbümb qnphpbpmgniü ЧpшuшшbJb hmm^g^h mnmbgpmjJb qbpn^: Ujl ^nupbpn^, ^nippJmjJ b Uqppb^mbJ m2WmphmPmqmP^mb qbphpmqpbpJ hm^nq pbpmgpb niqJq hmüb-üшшшЦшb t ЦшbWшшbub|J b Цш]шЬ ЧpшuшшbJ qnjnipjmbp:
Чpшuшшbnlü ^nippJmjJ hbmm^bqmh 2mhbpJ 4bpшpbpJШL qbmhm-mшЦшbbbpnlü шпЦш bb bmb шbшbuшЦшb bщшmшЦшhшpüшpnlpJшüp qmj-Ümbm^np^mh 2b2smqpniübbpp: Cum mjq qbшhшmшЦшbbbpJ ^nippJmjJ pmqmpm^bnLpjnibp Чpшumшbnlü hшpЦ t ^mjümbm^npb^ ЧpшuшшbJ J2WmbnipjnibbbpJ Pmg ni pbqqp^ib шbшbuшЦшb РШ^ШРШЦШЬШ-
pjmüp: Ujl Wnupbpn^, ЧpшuшшbJb b ßrnppJmjJb üJm^npniü t m2Wmp^m-Рш^шРшЦшЬ Jpnqnipjnibbbpn^ ^mjümbm^np^mh mbmbum^b hmümqpb-[Jnipjmb mbu^^mbp: Ujq qbmhmmm^bbbpJ hmüm^mjb ftniumummbJ pшqшpшЦшbnlpJnlbp ЧpшuшшbJb mqpbmpmbp ^J pnqbj, b Чpшuшшbb tp ubprnmgbb^ hmpmpbpnipjnibbbpp fàrnppJmjJ hbs, npb pbЦшL4nlü tp b4pnцшЦшb b mpbümjmb niqqnipjmüp mmp^nq рш^шршЦш-bnipjmb mübbmünm b mübbmhmpümp Цшünlp2p: P.Pm^Jb, ЦpЦbbLn4 ümm-Цш2^1.п1 ÜJ mnJpn^ mpmh hmübümmnipjnibp1, ^bqniü t, np ЧpшuшшbJ hmümp ßrnppJmb qmrnnihmb t qb^J b^pn^m, npJ 2bnphJ^ Чpшuшшbp Цшpnq t qnipu qm[_ Цп^Цш^шЬ mb^m^Jg [3]: UbuJpb Jp hnq^mhniü bmb ^bqniü t, np 2,4-4n^muniü ßrnppJmjJ hbmm^bqmh qbpшЦш 2mhp b mnmbgpmjJb bцшmшЦp ^nippJmjJ mbmbuшЦшb m^Jb ni Цш]nlbnlp]шbp b^mumnq tbbpqbшJЦ pшqшpшЦшbnlpJшb JpшЦшbшgnlüb t [1, p. 115-116]: Ujq ünmbgümb qb^pniü pmqümpJ^ qnp&nbbbp ni hmbqmümbpbbp ^mpqm-^bu mbrnbu^niü bb, b mpqjnibpniü Чpшuшшbnlü ^nippJmjJ ^pmh pmqm-РшЦшЬп^шЬ ümuJb qmmnqnipjnibbbpp n^ шüpnq2шЦшb bb bbpЦш]шg4nlü: UJbbnijb dmümbm^ UbuJpbb Jpm^mgJ t b2b[n^, np pnlpp-4pшgшЦшb bpЦЦnqü hmpmpbpnipjnibbbpJ tnipjnibp hшuЦшbшLnl hmümp hшpЦш4np t qpmbp pbbшpЦbL bnшЦnqü Á.bш^шфJ (^nippJm^pmummb-Uqppb^mb) hm-ümmbpumniü, npp hbmpm^npnipjnib Цшш qJшшЦgbL, np pnlpp-^pшgшЦшb hmpmpbpnipjnibbbpp, übh ümumüp, pnlpp-шqppb2шbшЦшb hmpmpbpni-
1 "Saakaçvili Gürcistan'in Yeni Elçilik Binasini Açti", Chveneburi, at http://www.chveneburi.net/tr/default.asp?bpgpid=1370&pg= 1
pjnihhhpM ^jniqmlnpnLdh hh [1, p. 119, 123]: UjuiMunl, lhp[nLhmpmhhhpM JhhmJmuhnLpjni.h£, phhmplhjnl ^ntppMmjM pmqmpmlmhnLpjnLh^ HpmummhnLJ, mhhpmd^rn n^mipnLpjnLh ^M imp^hntJ pntpp-lpmgmlmh hpllnqJ hmpmphpnLpjni.hhhpM lpm mqqnq, um^mjh mnm^Mh hmjmgp^g hp^pnpim^mh plmgnq qnphnhhhpMh, npnhp Ihhplmjmglhh usnph:
U^h^ihn HpmummhM pmqmpm^mh ^hmpmhni. ^mppMmjM hlmsJmJp ^hm^npmh JnshgnLJhhpM hMJpn^J ^h^mh hh hmh JM 2mPP FmPi nL hmJm-ImpqmjMh qnphnhhhp, npnhg mJpnq^m^mh nLunLJhmu^pnLpjmh ]h^pnLj hhmpmlnp t hmJmqmp^m^ ^mm^hpmgnLj ummhm[ HpmummhnLj ^ntp-fMmjM nihhgmfc pmqmpm^mh, mhmhum^mh h ungMmL-J2mlnLpmjMh ]hpmlm-smpJmh nL ]pm hhmhmhphhpM Ihpmphpjm^ ^ntppMmjM h^mmJmJp pmqm-pm^mhnLpjmh J2mlJmh h MpmlmhmgJmh hmpghpnLj HpmummhM ph hm^-lMh, ph hhplm qh^m^mpnLpjmh JnmhgnLJhhp^ imjJmhmlnplmh hh m2^mphmpmqmpm^mh, mhmhum^mh, hhpm^mnnLg^mhpmj^h h impqm^hu ipmlsMl JM 2mPP qnphnhhhpn^:
HpmummhM hm^mqmh UMfahMl_ Umm^m2^MlMh pnLpp-^pmgm^mh hpllnqJ hmpmphpnLpjnLhhhpM MP dmJmhmlmhmmlmhh mh^mhh^ t «nu^h ]mp» [4, p. 21]: HpmummhM hm^mqmhM ^hiqh^mh IhpmphpJnihp^ ^nLp-fMmjM, hpm pmqmpm^mh hmJmlmpqM h qh^m^mpnLpjmh, J2m^nLjpM, mh-qmJ ^nLppMmjM Zmhpmihmntpjmh hMJhm]Mp mnm^hnpiM h^mmJmJp ipuhnp^h^ t mJhhmsmpphp mnMphhpnl1: frnuh[nl HpmummhnLJ h smpm-hm2P^mhnLJ ^ntppMmjM hhmm^h]mh 2mhhpM lhpmphpjm[_ Umm^m2^MlMh h2nLJ t, np «fi-iuppjimh hmwl[miqhu 2mhmqpqni[mb t minlinmhqnLpjmh qninni umhqhnlmh qmqmifimpnl npji Jhp Ihhpmnlhh ^imqmq h pmphfymif ihi№L-pjnLhhhpii: «Zmphmhhhpji hhin qpn fahifiphhp» hmjinhji pmijmpmlmhnLpjmh mnnLdhl Hpmummhp qmgh mtihhmhm^nqlmh opjihmlh b> [4, p. 19]: Uju JMsph Mp hm^mqmhntpjmh smpMhhpMh hm pmqJMgu t h2h[_ h, phphu, mj] mnn^Jnl IplhhL pntppmlmh pmqmpmlmh Ihphm^mlM hnLjhmpnlmh]ml phnLpmqpnLJhhp^: OpMhml, UhJhp TmlnLpoquLh ]hnhu 2008p. h2h[_ tp. «Id-nippjimjji hmphmhhhp]i hhs qpn JuhqJiphhpp» hm^nqnLpjmtip Jipmlmhmg-t Ihppjih ¿npu mmpjihhpji phpmgpnLJ, h wmpmbm2p2mhm.}J fi-nippjimjji
1 Saakashvili Speaks of Importance of Close Ties with Turkey, Civil Georgia, 14 March 2006, http://www.civil.ge/eng/article.php?id=12061
hwpnijnLpjwh «uiifkhwiu^hgnLgli^ opjiiiulp» Hpiuumiuiiji (h U^p^ij^) hhm hiupiuphpnLpjnLhhhph hi» [5, p. 80]: ^nipp ^kpinifcrnprnh ^npuk^ luph^pn^ hu «"b^pn^rnjfr iphkLpnitf ^nipp^ih h Hprnumiip hkplrnjrnghnLtf hi ^imkqpmg^mj^ Mn^iA-h» [6, p. 2]:
Hprnurnrnh^ ii^l^i mpmqnphim^mpmp h Uqqrnj^h mh4smhqnlp|mh ^nphpq^ ii^l^i prnprnnLirnp tlrn Slk2kLrn24M^h hrnpgrnqprn-jg^ pipig-pnitf i2kL t, np «HprnumiinLj ^nipp^ij^ pmImpmlminLpjmi Jiu^i il-pni^rnlrni ^rnrnlkprngnLtf liqlk^nL hiJip hipl t humilkghkL Hprnumrn-h^i^h^i^ 2mhp, h kplni 2ihkp^ h Hprnurnrnh^- SU}
hmJmqpJmi qk^pnitf J^rnjh lipnq kip ilpni^rngikL Inqtfkp^ pi^pi-liinLpjnLip»: "Li iih ¿.hi^p^^ t Hprnurnrnh^ h^i^h^i^ 2ihp, iji t oqmmqnphkLn4 Hprnumii^ m2^mphmqpmlmi q^ppp mmpmfcm2p2mhnltf qmiiL «mimkumlmi hip» h rnjq phpigpnitf oqmiqnphkL [^phpi^ mimkunLpjii qmIm^mpm^nunlp|mh h^Jimmmppkpp [7]:
^k 2005p. phqnih^rnfc Hprnumii^ Uqqij^i mh4smhqnlp|mh hmjkgm-lipqnLl1, pk 2011p. ^kprnhrnj^rnfr mmppkpmlnltf2 (kplni ^mummpnlIpi tL piqnii^kL t Ummlm24^Lnl opnp) ^nipp^ij^h h ipi hks hmJmqnphmlgnl-pjiip hmmlmg4mh tp liphnp mkq, J^hiniji dmtfmhml rnnlrn hi 2k2mrn-qpniJikp^ npn2 mmppkpnlpjnliikp: Op^hrnl 2005p. ^mummpIpnlJ ^nipp^ii mnmi^img4mh tp np^ku «nmqtfm4mpmlmh qnphpilkp», «mnm-^sip mmpmhm2p2mimj^i qnphpilkp», «liphnp mnhmpmj^i qnphpilkp», «mpdkpm4np nmqJmlmi qnphpilkp» &.hmlkpцnltfhkpn4: U^i^qkn 2011p. 4kpmimj4mh mmppkpmlnltf ^nipp^ii phniprnqp^nitf t J^iji np^ku «mmpmhm2P2minlJ Hprnurnrnh^ mnm2msmp qnphpilkp», «Hprnumii^ mJkimJkh rnnhsprnj^h h sim^i^i qnphpilkp», «mmpmfcm2p2mhmj^h rnnrn^hnpq», «liphnp nmqJmlmi qnphpilkp»: Uju^^un^, 4kpmimj4mh mmppkpmlnlJ «nmqtfm4mpmlmh qnphpilkp» A.hmlkpцnlJp pmgmlmjnlJ t, npp lipnq t цmjJmim4np4mh j^ikL 2008p. nniu-^prngrnlrni цmmkpmqJ^ drntfrnhrnl ^nipp^ij^ q^ppnp^mp
1 National Security Concept of Georgia, 2005, http://www.parliament.ge/files/292_880_927746_concept_en.pdf
2 National Security Concept of Georgia, 2011, http://www.mfa.gov.ge/index.php?lang_id=ENG&sec_id=12
tp 2012-2013pp. [2faшhшфn^nLp|nLh[g hhsn Чpшumшh[ hnp M2WшhnLp]nLhhhp^ «Чpшgшlшh hpшqшhp» ]Ш2[Ьр£, shqM ¡шшй hшuшpш-¡nip^h npn2 2P2шhшlhhpM idqnhnip|nihhhp[h h llhpшhш]hh ишш1ш-2lMl.ni hш^шqшhnLp]шh mшp[hhp[h ^nipp^][ h^ml^üp nLhhgшh ршгш-рш1шй nirrnipjnihhhp^: bpnp, 2012p. hnlmhüphp^h ^nphpiшpшhшlшh £hmpnip|nihhhp[h hш^npinr 2p^hniü, hш^^hшpшlшh щш]pшpnLÜ, [h¿^hu hшh ^p^^hm b^h[2l[ini ^p^^hmnip^h шпш£[Ь ШИ^ЬЬ-p[h ЬгшЬ npn2 hш]шшpшpnLp]nLhhhp, npnhp шhhшhquшnLp]шh цшш^шп ^pá^h ph M2WшhnLp]nLhhhpM hшüшp, ph pnLpp-шipph2шhшlшh
]Ш2[Ьр[ hhpuniü: Uшuhшlnpшцhu, Чpшumшh[ ^p^^hm^ hшpgшlшh[ шш1 iphg U]pph^h[ h ^nipp^][ hhs [pшlшhшglnr h щ[шhшlnplш& ü[ 2шpp hpшqphp[ ф[hшhuшmhmhuшlшh hцшшшlшhшpüшpnLp]nLh^, рЬЬш-цшт^д ишш1ш21[ш1 lnrü[g pшqüшhшqшp pnipphp[ lpшgшlшh ршгш-pшg[nLp|nLh 2hnphhLni фшuшp, pnLppшlшh Ü2шlnLpш][h шhlhpшhulh|M ^pá^h hhppшфшhgüшh hшhqшüшhp£ h U]] hш]mшpшpnLp|nLhhhp[g hhsn npn2 pnipp qnphшpшphhp u¡uhg[h pшpÄpшÄш]hhL Чpшumшh[ M2WшhnLp]nLhhhpM hшpnLgшh npn2 id^pnip|nihhhp[ l^u[h: иш1ш]й Ьш^ Ршрт, шцш Uhlшpш lшшшpшh ш]ghp[g hhsn b^h[2l[ini ¡nrü[g шplhg[h ü[ ршй[ hш]шшpшpnLp]nLhhhp, npnhp L[gpшpшфhg[h Uphnjnpm^: U]inLhшhihpÄ, hnp [2^шhnLp|nLhhhp£ 2шpnLhшlhg[h pшqüшqшhhghhL ^nipp^][ hhs пшqüшlшpшlшh hшüшqnphшlgnLp]шh nir[hhp£ h, mhr[ ¿шш[п1 ршгшрш1шЬ, hшuшpшlшlшh ni hnqhnp [2^шhnLp|шh npn2 2p^-hшlhhpMg h¡nr phhшiшmnLp|nLhhhp[h, 2шpnLhшlhg[h ^nipp^][ Ь1шш-l^üp ^ph[_ hш^l[hhhp[g шшpphplnr pшrшpшlшhnLp]nLh: Чpшumшh[ цш2шцшhnLp]шh hш^шpшp ^pшl|M ULШuшh[ш][ hhmh^[_
pшhшÄhnLÜ^ qphph ^qpsnip^üp шpmшgn[nLÜ t ^nipp^][ h^ml^üp lpшgшlшh M2WшhnLp]nLhhhpM ünrnhgniü^. «Q-inhlh[nl hqnp hp¡phhp[ h thhpqhmjil шпп11п1 hшpnLuш hp¡phhp[ Juш¿líhpnLlnLl hшplíшplnI¡шlшh h ppшlnhunLpJшhh шщ1шЬ Чpшulnшh[ шplnшp[h pшIшpшlшhnLpJnLhp n¿ 1]1Ш]й дшЬ1ш[[ t, шл ЬшЬ пшqlJ'шlшpшlшh шhhpшdh2шnLpJnLh: Uhhp 1ш1шй1ий' hhp h hnq тшйтй ihp hlpnщшlшh [hphnLpJшh lJ'шu[h, uшlшJh ilhhp ¿hhp lшpnr шhlnhuhl ш2JuшphшqpnLpJшh h ш2Juшphшpшrшpшlш-hnLpJшhftpnrnLpjnLhhhpp» [8, p. 7]: Ъш.]й nqnl щш]üшhшlnplшhч ^.U[шuш-
bJmb ßnippJmjJ hbs hmpmpbpnipjnibbbpb mblmbniü t «oppllшЦЬll b uipmq qmpqmgnq, pwhJ np übp 2iuhbpp ЦшщшЦglшà Ы» [S]:
ZmpgmqpnijgbbpJ pbpmgpniü qpnigmmgbbpJb niqqlmh hmpgbpJg üЬЦp Ibpmpbpniü tp bpmb, pb mpqjnp ЧpшuшшbJ bbpЦш J2^mbnipjnibbbpJ pшqшpшЦшbnlp]nlbp ßnippJmjJ bЦшшüшüp mmppbplniü t bm^JbbbpJg: Zb^mh ЦшphJpbbpnlü qbpJ2^niü tp mjb üJsniüp, np pbb шпЦш t 2^pnibm-ЦшЦшbnlp]nlb, uшЦш]b bnp J2^mbnipjnibbbpp qpubnpniü bb mnmlb[_ qqni-2mlnpnip]nib b blmq nqbnpnipjnib pnlppшЦшb npn2 hpmqpbpJ bЦшшüшüp: Unmlb^ 2шш hJ2mrnmmnq opJbшЦp 2G12p. qbЦшbüpbpJb 4mpu-U^mjpmjmp bpЦшpqhJ b Цшnnlglnq üJ Qt^-J шbшbuшЦшb bщшmшЦшhшpüшpnlpJшb Ibpmpbpjm^ Imp^m^brn blmbJ2Uini Цшшшpшh hmpgmqpniüb tp, npb mbhmbqumnipjnib ^mm^mnbg pb ßnippJmjJb, pb Uqppb^mbJb:
4nmmuJ hmümjumpmbJ ^pn$bunp, bm^Jb фn^шpшqnphbш^шpшp UbpqJ ЧшщшЬшЛЫЬ b2niü t, np J2^шbшфn^nlp]nlbJg hbsn pb U^m-pJmjniü, pb bpЦpJ üJ 2mPP mJl_ smpmhpbbpniü pbm^nipjmb 2P2mbniü bЦшшlbg hшЦшpnlppшЦшb rnpmümqpnipjnibbbpJ [9]: ZшшЦшцbu 2G12p. ^nphpqшpшbшЦшb pbrnpnipjnibbbpJ dшüшbшЦ «ЧpшgшЦшb bpm-qmbpJ» pbЦbшhnlb U^mpJmjniü pшqшpшЦшb pbmpmp2mlp Цшnnlgbg hшЦшpnlppшЦшb rnpmümqpnipjnibbbpJ lpm, npp Цшpbnp qbp Цшmшpbg pbrnpnipjnibbbpJ mpqjnibpbbpJ npn2Ümb hmpgniü: frnubjnl U^mpJmjniü «ЧpшgшЦшb bpmqmbpJ» pmpnqmp2mlJ ümuJb ZbшшqnшшЦшb nbunipubb-pJ ЦпЩшщшЬ ЦbbшpnbJ sbopbb 4npm ßnipümbJ^bb b2niü t, np рш1шЦшЬ ni2mqpml фшuш mp^mbmqplbg. pbb U^mpJm niqqlbg mpmmpJb bbp-qpniübbpJ übh ümup b mjb qmpàml lpшgшЦшb шbшbuшЦшb pшpbфn^nlü-bbpJ hm^nqlmh büni2bbpJg übЦp, uшЦшJb pbqqJünipjnibp Цшpnqшgшl hmbpmjJb ЦшphJpb niqqb[_ pnippbpJ, pnlppшЦшb ЦшцJшшJl b, JhшpЦb, J2^mbnipjnibbbpJ qbü b pbmpnipjnibbbpniü hmuml hm^nqnipjmb [1G]:
ßnippvulpub «ipwipnity nidp» mpinmhmjin¿mÁbbpp Чpшuwшbmгí
ßnippJmjJ J2^mbnipjnibbbpJ hmümp шЦbhшJш tp, np üJmjb pnipp-шqppb2шbшЦшb ш2^шphшpшqшpшЦшb 2шhbpJ hbmm^bqümüp Чpшuшш-bJb ubфшЦшb hJpJ üb^ щшЬЬщ qdlmp b bpЦшpшdшüЦbш mnniünl nJu-ЦшJJb ünsbgniü tp: HiurnJ, hшpЦшlnp tp ЧpшuшшbJb hшшЦшglшh Ш2-
39
^шphшpшqшpшЦшb b mmpmbgm ЦшphnpnLpJшbp hmümpdbp bbpЦшJшg-Imhnipjnib m^mhnlb^ ЧpшuшшbJ mbmbunipjmb nшqüшlшpшЦшb üJ 2mPP n|npmbbpniü: UlbjJ ni2 mjq pшqшpшЦшb b шbшbuшЦшb 2bpsbpJb mlbjm-gmb bmb ßnippJmjJ hbmm^bqmh Ü2шЦnlpш]Jb, ЦppшЦшb, ümpqmuJpm-ЦшЬ b ЦpnbшЦшb hpmqpbpp, npnbg ЬцшшшЦЬ tp lpшgшЦшb hшuшpшЦnl-pjmb 2P2mbniü, ЧpшuшшbJ Jujmümqmlmb hmbpnijpniü Á.bmlnpb[_ qpшЦшb Цnqübnpn2nlü ßnippJmjJ hmbqb^: «ФшфтЦ nidJ» pmqmqpJ^bbpJ qnphm-qpümüp ßnippJmjJ J2^mbnipjnibbbpp ЬцшшшЦ nibbJb bmb hmqpmhmpb^ lpшgшЦшb hmbpmjJb qJшшЦgnlp]шb b hJ2nqnipjmb üb^ шпЦш цшшüшЦшb ümmqniqnpqniübbpb ouümbjmb n^ qpшЦшb mbgjm^J Ibpmpbpjm^:
ßnippJmb b Uqppb^mbp фn^шpJbшpшp qpmqbgbniü bb ЧpшuшшbJ hbs mpmmpJb mnbrnpJ mnm^bnipjmb qшфbJb: ZшuЦшbш|lnpbb, Ц^шЦш-qpnipjmb üb^ qqmjJ sbq bb qpmlniü tbbpqbmm hniüpJ bbpünihümb b mpmmhmbümb hmlm^bbpp, uшЦш]b, qpmbJg qmrn, üJ 2mPP n|npmbbpniü шпЦш рпфршЦшЬ bbpqpniübbpp b m^pmbpm2p2mbmnnipjnibp gnijg bb mmjJu, np Ibp^Jb rnmpJbbpJb pnlppшЦшb шbшbuшЦшb bbpЦш]nlp]nlbb mb2bqnpbb m^niü t: ЧpшuшшbJ UqqmjJb lJ^шЦшqpшЦшb qpmubbjmm mljmjübpJ1 Ibpjnihnipjnibp gnijg t mmjJu Ibp^Jb rnmpJbbpJb sbqJ nibbgmh фnфn^nlp]nlbbbpp b qJbmümmb: Lm^, bpb 1995-2GG3pp. mnbrnpJ hmlmjübpp ^bb qbpmqmbgb[_ 2GG üjü b2má.nqp, шцш 2GG4 plшЦшbJg hbsn üJb^b 2007p. ЬЦшш^Ы t hmlm^bbpJ qpbpb ЦpЦbшЦJ m£, npp ^mjümbm-Inplmh t n^ üJmjb «ImpqbpJ hbqшфn^nlpJnlbJg» hbsn bnp J2^mbnipjnib-bbpJ шbшbuшЦшb pшqшpшЦшbnlp]шüp, mj[_ bmb ßnippJmjJ J2^mbnipjnib-bbpJ шbшbuшЦшb шЦшЦ pшqшpшЦшbnlpJшüp: 200бр. lpшgшЦшb шц-pmbpbbpJ bЦшшüшüp nnluшЦшb 2шЦшЬ hJübшЦшbnlü qmpàml mbhmum-bbjJ, npJb mbüJ^m^bu hbsbbg ßnippJmjJ J2^mbnipjnibbbpJ pmjjhpp: 2GG7p. bnjbüpbpJb ЦЬр1шЬ Uqmrn mnbrnpJ ^mjümbmqpJ nidJ üb^ ümbbjnig hbsn lpшg-pnlppшЦшb mnbrnpJ hmlmjübpp 2Ь2^шЩ bb mpàmbm-qpniü hmubbjnl mbbm^mqb^ gnigmbJ2bbpJ: UnbmpmjJb hmlmjübpJ m^p Цшц1шЬ tp n^ üJmjb hJ2)mL ^mjümbmqpJ nidJ üb^ ümbbjni, mj[_ bmb hшpшlouшЦшb ^mmbpmqüJ hbmbmbpnl lpшg-nnluшЦшb umhümbJ фшЦ-
1 Чpшuшшbl UqqmjJb IJám^mqpm^mb qpmuhbjm^, Sbrnhunipjnib, http://www.geostat.ge/index.php?action=page&p_id=137&lang=eng
ümü hmüqmümüfM, Mü^tu ümh tütpqtmM^ hpmqptpM müpnq^m^mü qnp-fcmp^ümü h üM 2mPP mJl_ hmpm^Mg qnpfcnüütpM htm:
ÖmlmiütpM üümümmM^ mp&mümqplnLü t ümh ^ntppMmjM ^n^üMg Hpmummüntü ^mmmplmfc ntqqm^M ütpqpnLüütpM nLunLüümuMpnLpjmü qt^pn^ü1: Fü^tu mpmmpMü mnhmpM qt^pn^ü, mjü^tu ti ütpqpnLüütpM mnntünl qnpfc niütüp npn2m^M opMüm^m^ntpjmü htm: OpMüm^, 1997-2003pp. ^mmmplmfc ütpqpnLüütpp ^mqüntü tü püqmütüp $103 ü|ü h pmlm-^mü hmütus tü jnLpmpmüyntp smplm ^mplmfcpnl, um^mjü MpmlM^m^p ^mpnL^ ^n^^nLÜ t 2004-Mg htsn: Zm^npq 9 smpMütpM püpmgpntü pntppm^mü ütpqpnLüütpp 2t2mm^Mnptü m^ntü tü ^mqütjn^ $864 ülü, Mu^ 2008p. gnLgmüM2P nt^npqmjMü tp üm^npq h hm^npq smpMütpM hmütüms ^mqütinl $164 ülü: ZmütümsnLpjmü hmümp ü2tüp, np 1997-2013pp. püpmg-pnLÜ Uqppt^müM ütpqpnLüütpp Hpmummüntü ^mqüntü tü $714 ülü2: Zmlt-Ltüp, np pnLpp ütpqpnqütpMü qtpmqmügm^tu htmmppppntü tü HpmummüM mümtunLpjmü mtpumML mpmmqpntpjmü, qjnLqmmümtunLpjmü, 2MümpmpnL-pjmü h tütpqMmjM ninpsütpp: CMümpmpntpjmü (Qt^, ^müm^mphütp, tp-^mpqM^) nLnpmn^ü Mpm^mümglnq fcpmqptpntü ütpqpmllmfc tü mltiM pmü 80 pntppm^mü 2fcümpmpm^mü ^mqüm^tp^nLpjniüütp, npnüg m2^mmmüpM püqhmünLp fcmlmip qtpmqmügnLü t $1 üipq-ü [11]: 1999p. smup pntpp qnpfcmpmp ß-pMlMuMntü hMüümqptg GÜRTIADp (Gürcu ve Türk I^adamlari dernegi - Hpmg]i h pnipp qnpbmpmphhpji lüJimilnpnuJ)), npp üqmmm^ niütp ^m2rn^mütL h mnm^ üqtL pntpp qnpfcmpmpütpM 2mhtpp: Uju ^mqüm^tp-^ntpjmü ^mnmlmpümü ^nphntpqp pmq^mgmfc t 66 müqmüMg, npnügMg jnLpmpmüyntpp ütp^mjmgüntü t üt^m^mü ^mqüm^tp^nLpjntü3:
Uju^Munl, mnhmpmmümtum^mü hmpmptpnLpjniüütpM ^npmgümü hmümp ^mphnp tMü 2006-2007pp. MpmqmpÄ.nLpjm.üütpp, npMg htsn ipmgm^mü 2nL^mü qmp&ml tL mltiM pmg pntppm^mü ^m^MmmiM h ütpqpnLüütpM hmümp: Ujq ünLjü dmümüm^mhmmlmhp hmüpü^ml pntppm^mü pMqütu püspm-ünL «mümmniMm^mü ImqptpM» h «^müm^ ^m^MmmiM» ünp 2nL^mütp ^ümpt-
1 ^pmummüM UqqmjMü IM^m^mqpm^mü qpmuhüjm^, Ommphp^pjm ntqqm^M ühpqpnLüühp, http://www.geostat.ge/index.php?action=page&p_id=140&lang=eng
2 "brnjü mhqni.J:
3 Gürcu ve Türk I§adamlari dernegi, http://www.gurtiad.ge/tr/Icerik.ASP?ID=191
jni. qnpfcpüpmgY htm: UpqjnLüpnLtf üY 2mPP pnLppm^mü ^mqüm^hp^nLpjnLü-ühp u^uhgYü m^m^^nptü ühppm^mügh[_ ^pmgm^mü 2nL^m: Püm^nLpjmü hmümp hmm^m^hu mhumühiY tYü ß*pYlYuYY h PmpnLÜY oqmüm^m^mjmüüh-pY ünp mhptfYüm|ühpY 2YümpmpnLpjnLüp pnLppm^mü TAV GroupYü (Tepe-Akfen-Vie) ^mm^münq TAV Urban Georgia-Y ^nqüYg1: Hhp^^ü^u hü qmm^m-ünLtf ümh ü2^mh oqmüm^m^mjmüühpY 2mhmqnpfcümü h pnY^pühpY uqm-ump^ümü hp^mpmdmü^hm pmgmnY^ ^mjümümqphpp2: Hhp^YüY umhümümfc pmp&p qühpp pmqüYgu püümqmmnLpjmü hü hüpmp^hl_ HpmummüY ^mnm^m-pnLpjmü ^nqüYg, npY ümuYü pmpÄ.pmÄ.mjühg hmm^m^hu f^mü^^YmL ^mnm-^mpnLpjnLüp [6, p. 4]: TAV hmjmü^hip HpmummünLtf mnYp qmp&m^, np pnLppm^mü hYüq m^Ym^n^mqpnq ürnrnp qnp^Y ^pmgm^mü 2nL^m (Turkish Airlines, Atlas Jet, Pegasus, Anadolu Jet, Bora Jet): ßrnppm^mü m^Ym^n^mqpnq-ühpp HpmummüY hp^nL oqmüm^m^mjmüühpYg ^mpphpm^mü ^hppühp hü Ypm^mümgünLtf ßrnppYm: UmmüpnL|p qmpÄh[_ t ^mphnp mmpmügY^ ^hm qh^Y Hpmummü h HpmummüYg qnLpu nLqhnp^hj^u:
Unm^h^ nL2mqpm^ t ^nLppYmjY h HpmummüY ^mnm^mpnLpjnLüühpY üY^h 2006p. ümpsY 14-Yü umnpmqp^mfc ^mjümümqYpp PmpnLÜY oqmüm^m^mjmüY hmümshq oqmmqnpfcümü ^hpmphpjm^, npn^ pnLppm^mü Zn^m pmqmpY qnjnLpjnLü ¿nLühgnq oqmüm^m^mjmüp ühpmn^hg ^nLppYmjY ühppYü pnY^pühpY hmüm^mpqnLÜ3: ujl ^nuphpn^, pnLppm^mü m^Ympü^h-pnLpjnLüühpY ^mjpt^hpY pnLppm^mü mmpphpm^nLÜ ü2^m& Zn^m oqmüm^m^mjmüü Ypm^münLÜ PmpnLÜY oqmüm^m^mjmüü t:
^pYlYuYnLÜ h PmpnLÜnLÜ qnphnLÜ hü pnLppm^mü hp^nL mnhspmjYü pmü^hpY ümuüm^jnLqhpp (T.C. Ziraat Bankasi h Türkiye I§ Bankasi): Unm^Yü
1 ^bp2^üu ^mnnLgb^ t 20 oqmüm^m^mjmü ph ^nLppYmjntü, pb üpm umhümüühpYg qnLpu:
2 PmpnLÜY oqmüm^m^mjmüp TAV-Y 4nqüYg 2mhmqnpb4hLnL t üYü^h 2027p., Yuk ß"pYlYuYYüp ümjum^hu npn2^mb 2027-Y ^njumphü hp^mpmg^hg üYü^U 2037p.:
3 Zn^mjYg üh^ünq nLqhnpühp^ pnY^pY ^mummpqphpY Ä-Um^hp^nLÜp ^mmmpnLÜ hü Zn^mjY üm^mhmüqumnLÜ qmü^nq ßrnppm^mü m^YmnLqYühpY qpmuhüjm^nLÜ, mjünLhhmU HA VAS Ijmq-üm^hp^nLpjmüp qmm^münq m^snpnLuühpn^ üpmüg mhqm^n^nLÜ hü PmpnLÜY oqmüm^m-^mjmü, npp mhrnü t ünm 30 pn^h, püq npnLÜ, pmpp-^pmgm^mü umhümüYü m^snpnLup ¿Y ^müq-ünLÜ, m^rnhhrnU mjü ümünLÜ t PmpnLÜY oqmüm^m^mjmü^ mmpm&p, Yu^ m.qhmpübpp mhqm^nju-^nLÜ hü üh^üümü upmh nL u^munLÜ ^üpümp^n üumhLnLü: tfmümüümü qh^pnLÜ Zn^m üh^ünq mLqUmpübpYü u^munLÜ hü ünLjü H4V4S-Y m4smpmLuübp^, npnüp rn.qh.npühpYü mbqm^m^mLÜ hü Zn^m ^p^Yü ^müq ¿mnühLn^ umhümümjYü mügm^hmnLÜ: Cüq npnLÜ, PmpnLÜYg h Zn^mjYg üh^ünq ¿■^hppühpY hmümpühp^ ünLjüü hü, Yuk snüuhpY qYüß pm^m^mü mmpphp t, pmüY np Zn^mjY qh^pnLÜ qnpbnLÜ hü ühppYü qühp h ¿hü ^mp^nLÜ PmpnLÜY oqmüm^m^mjmüY mnLpphpp:
pmü^p ^p^iMu^nLÜ MP ffmuüm^jnLqp h^ffümqphL t 1998p., mjü u^qpnLÜ qpmüg^mfc tp Emlak Bank Tbilisi Branch mü^mffp, um^mjü 2001p. qpmüg^hg np^hu JSC Ziraat Bankasi A.§. Tbilisi Branch mü^mffp: H^rnqprn^ t, um^mjü, np pmü^M JnLmpM 4pm qp4m^ t pmü^M pnLppm^mü mü^münLÜp T.C. Ziraat Bankasi bp^pnpq pmü^p pmg^h|_ t PmpnLfmü 2012p. hnL^u^ü h ^p^ü nLü^ pnLppm^mü hmffmünLü pmü^ ffmuüm^jnLq^ ^mpqm^M^m^ (JSC Turkey I§ bank A. §. Batumi branch)1: H^rnqprn^ t, np hp^nL pmü^hpü t[_ nLühü ff^mjü fh^ qpmuhüjm^ h Hpmummü^ rnmpmfcpnLÜ mj|_ u^mump^ffmü ^hmhp ^hü pmghj, üpmüg ^ümüum^mp^mj^ü qnpfcmppühp^ gnLgmü^ühpp pm^m^mü hmffhus hü M smpphpnLpjnLÜ mqpph^müm^mü pmü^hp^
2004p. hhsn pnLpp-^pmgm^mü hmpmphpnLpjnLüühpnLf! mümhum^mü hmffmqnpfcm^gnLpjmü ^npmgnLÜp, ^nLpp^mj^ ffm^pnmümhum^mü gnLgm-ü^2ühp^ m^p ü^mumhg^ü, np^huq^ qnpfcmqp^nLpjmü pmpÄp gnLgmü^2 nLÜhgnq ^pmgm^mü m2^mmnLdü u^u^ rnhqm^n^^hl ümh ßmpp^m: Zmm-^m^hu 2006p. ^Mqmj^ü nhd^f^ ^hpmgffmü hhmhmüpn^ Hpmummü^g mpsm-qüm m2^mrnmüp^ ffh^ümfcühp^ pMü müüm^mqh^ qpmüghg: Zhmmqm mmp^ühp^ü ^nLpp^mü qmp&m^ Hpmummü^ pmqmpmg^ühp^ mpsmqüm m2^mrnmüp^ h^ffüm^mü hphp hp^pühp^g ffh^p (ffjnLu hp^m. hp^pühpü hü ZnLÜmummüp h O-hpffmü^mü): ^nLpp^m ffh^ünq ^pmg^ m2^mmmüpm]^ü ü^qpmümühpM ffhfc ffmup ^nLü^ m2^mmmüp^ pnLjim^nLpjnLü: t-pmüp np^hu uhqnümj^ü ü^qpmümühp m2^mmnLÜ hü phj^, ümüqmp^ü^ h pü^nLjq^ m^mümmgMmühpnLÜ, ^u^ ^pmgnLh^ühp^ hmümp ffhfc ^mhmü^mp^ ^m np^hu qmjm^ühp [12]: ßmpp^m mpsmqüm m2^mmmüp^ Jh^ümh ^pmgfrühp^ Hpmummü ^mmmpmfc pmü^mj^ü qpmüm^mü ^n^mügnLfühpp hu hmüq^um-ünLÜ hü ^mphnp gnLg^ühp Hpmummü^ ü^kpnsümhum^mü gnLgmü^ühp^ 4pm mpsmqüm m2^mmmüp^ Jh^ümhühp^ pnqmfc mqqhgnLpjmü ^hpm-phpjmj2: Ujq m^jmjühpMg ^mpq t qmnünLÜ, np ^ü^hu mnhmpm2p^müm-nnLpjmü h mpmmp^ü ühpqpnLÜühp^, mjü^hu t[_ qpmüm^mü ^n^mügnLÜühp^ qh^pnLÜ 2004-p 2p^mqmp^mj^ü t ünLjü ^mm^mnühp^ hmümp, npnüp ü2^hg^ü ^hphnLÜ: 2004-2007pp. ^mpp^mj^g Hpmummü ^mmmp^mh qpmüm-
1 Gürcu ve Türk I§adamlari dernegi, http://www.gurtiad.ge/tr/Icerik.ASP?ID=191
2 ^.pmummü^ mqqmj^ü pmü^, M_M<im^mqpnLp]ni.ü, https://www.nbg.gov.ge/index.php?m=306#monetarystatistics
Ч.SЬp-UшphnuJшl
<21-pq IUP», pfii¡ 1 (бЗ), 201бр.
ЦшЬ фn^шbgnlübbpp ЦшqübL bb $4б,7 ü|ü, JuЦ mqmrn mnbrnpJ ^mjümbmqpJ umnpmqpniüJg hbsn (2GG7p. bnjbüpbpJ 21) pbЦшh dшüшbшЦшhшш4шhnlü 2GG8-2G13pp., qpшüшЦшb фn^шbgnlübbpp hmubniü bb $179,4 üjü-J:
Uju mübbn^ hmbqbpá., hшuшpшЦшЦшb b 4bpl.nlhшЦшb
npn2 2P2mb^bbp Цшphnlü bb, np pbb ЧpшuшшbJ J2^mbnipjnibbbpp übhmhm^m^ ш2^шшшЬр ЦшшшpbgJb pnlppшЦшb bbpqpniübbpJ bbpqpm^-ümb niqqnipjmüp, uшЦш]b «рпфршЦшЬ übh ЦшщJmшLb mjq^bu ti Чpшu-rnmb ¿ЬЦшф>, Jb¿^bu hmpgmqpnijgniü b2bi t ftшqüш4шpшЦшb b üJ^mq-qmjJb niuniübmuJpnipjnibbbpJ hJübmqpmüJ bm^mqmh U[hp-
umbqp ftnbqbiJb [13]: Uju ЦшphJpJb hmümüJm tJb qpbpb pninp qpnigm-mgbbpp ^bqbLn^, np qnphmqp^mh ^mbpbpp b mbumbb^J mpqjnibpbbpp 2шш mnniübbpn^ mbhmümmbqbiJ tJb: UJbbnijb dшüшbшЦ, bpmbp pmgmmpniü tJb, pb Jb¿ni mjb sbqJ ¿nibbgm^: Lpmbg ЦшphJpn4 ^Pmg^mb 2шЦшЬ, Jb¿pmb tL pшg iJbbp рпфршЦшЬ Цш^тш^ hmümp, mjb шпшЛ^шЦшЬ ¿tp b ¿tp Цшpnq шпЦш ^mhmb^mpmg mnm^bi qpm^J¿ LJbbi:
^bb ЧpшuшшbJ pшqшpшЦшb nidbpb pbqhmbnip mnümüp qpшЦшb bb rnpmümqp^mh рпфршЦшЬ ЦшцJшшll b Чpшuшшbnlü рпфршЦшЬ pJqbbuJ mmpmhümb hmbqb^, uшЦш]b npn2 pшqшpшЦшb nidbp dшüшbшЦ шп dшüшbшЦ pmgbJpmg mbhmbqumnipjnib bb hmjmbniü ^nippJmjJ m^nq qbpшЦшшшpnlp]шb ^bpmpbpjmi: ^bb mpqbb ^nu^bg «ЧpшgшЦшb bpmqmb-fJ» bш^pbшpшЦшb ^mjpmpniü mp^mbmqpmh üJ pmbJ unip 2b2mmqpniü-bbpJ ümuJb, uшЦш]b шpшш^nphpqшpшbшЦшb nidbpJg hшшЦшцbu mnmbábmbniü bb «Uqmrn Чpшuшшb» b «^pmummbJ hmjpbbmubpbbpJ qm2Jbp» pшqшpшЦшb nidbpp: Umubm^npm^bu, «Uqmrn Чpшuшшb» ЦnluшЦgnlp]шb qЬЦш4шp Чш^ш ЧшЦш^шЬ hmpgmqpnijgniü b2bg, np, JhшpЦb, «übbf nq^nibniü bbf bbpqpniübbpp, uшЦшJb 2шш qb^pbpniü pnipf Л-bnbbpbgbbpJ ^mh^mhfb шbhшuЦшbшll t, opJbшЦ ^pJiJuJJ b PmpniüJ ЦbbшpnbшЦшb ^nqnmmbbpniü b ümjpniqJbbpJ 2mnipüm 4m^mnnq-bbpp 2шnlpüш]J ЦnqpJb qbniü bb ^nippJmjJ qpn2p, pb qm Jb¿ ЬцшшшЦ t
\ o
hbmm^bqniü шbhшuЦшbшll t, Jb¿n i t hшpЦш4np 2^nipümjJ ЦnqpJb pnlpfшЦшb qpn2шЦ qbb^ Lümb qpubnpniübbpp n¿ pшpbЦшüшpшp bb pbЦшL4nlü Чpшuшшbnlü, qm üJшb2шbшЦ t» [14]: Lm bmb hm^bibi t, np Jp ЦnluшЦgnlp]nlbp «^nippJmb qJsniü t np^bu u^mnbmiJp ЧpшuшшbJ
mqqmjYb 2mhhpYb, um^mjb, JYhbnijb dmtfmbm^, bm ^nqtf t, np^huqY hmjpmhhqm^mbnipjnibp tfhpd^Y h qY^mbmqYsm^mb niqYbhpn^ hbmpm^np lYbY ^mb^hi ^nippYmjY tpu^mbuYmb qh^Y Hpmummb»:
Sbmhum^mb mqqhgnipjmb m^^b qniqmhhn ^nippYmjY Y2Wmbnipjnib-bhpb mnmb^bmhmmni^ ^mphnpnipjnib hb hmm^mgphi ^ppm^mb, ^pnbm-^mb, J^m^nipmjYb h hniJmbYsmp pmqmpm^mbnipjmbb ni hmumpm^m^mb tfm^mpqm^nitf ^nippYmjY ^hpmphpjmi Hpmummbnitf qpm^mb ^hpmphp-JnibfY ¿.hm^nptfmbp: mmubjm^ mji hp^pbhpnitf, Hpmummbnitf hu
0-nippYmb u^uhg umhqhhi ^pnbmqmqm^mpm^mb h J^m^nipmjYb mqqhgni-pjmb mmpmhtfmb ihm^bhp, npnbg m2^mmmbpbhpp hmtfm^mpqnitf hb 0*nippYmjY ^mp^m^hm^b ^Yg hphp ^hmm^mb hmummmnipjnibbhp Zmtfm-qnphm^gnipjmb h hmtfm^mpqtfmb pnippm^mb qnphm^minipjnibp (Tiirkiye I^birligi ve Kalkinma Idaresi - TIKA), 3nibniu ttfph J^m^nipmjYb ^hbmpnbbhpp h ^pnbY qnphhpY bm^mqmhnipjnibp (Diyanet) [15]:
0*nippYmjY ^mp^m^hm^b ^^g qnphnq TIKA-b Hpmummbnitf imjbmhm-^m^ qnphnibhnipjnib t hm^mihi qhnhu 1994 p^m^mb^g: Ubgmh smpYbhpY pbpmgpnitf Hpmummbnitf ^pm^mbmg^mh hpmqphpb pbqqp^hi hb hhshjmi njnprnbhpp ung^mL-rnbmhum^mb hbpm^mnnig^mhpbhpY h hmnmjnipjnibbh-pY pmphim^nitf, ^ppm^mb hpmqphpY ^mqtfm^hp^nitf (JmubmqYsm^mb, ihq^Y qmum^mbqtfmb), ^ppo^m^bhpY ^hpmbnpnqnitf h ^mhm^npnitf, mnnq^m^mhnipjnib, ^tfhini ^pY h umb^mmpm^mb ^mjtfmbbhpY pmphjm-^nitf: 2012p. TIKA-Y mmph^mb qh^nijgY hmtfm&mjb Hpmummbp usmghi t mjq ^mqtfm^hp^nipjmb ^Ybmbum^mb, JmubmqYsm^mb h mh^bY^m^mb m^m^gnipjmb 4,23%-p, npp 7-pq gnigmb^2b t1: Zmp^ t ^mumh^, np TIKA-Y 2mhmnnibhpp hYJbm^mbnitf HpmummbY Yuimtfmqm^mb pbm^nipjnib nibhgnq 2p^mbbhpb hb, h pbqmtfhbp JY fmbY hpmqphp hb Ypm^mbmg^hi ^pYlYuYniJ h ^npYniJ:
^nippYmjY Y2Wmbnipjnibbhpp 2007p. npn2hgYb hYJbhi 3nibniu tJph pnippm^mb J2m^nipmjYb ^hbmpnbbhpp, npnbg bqmrnm^b tp hm^mumpm-^2nhb npn2 mnniJn^ ipmgbhi qjnqhbm^mb q^pngbhpY mqqhgnipjnibp hhmhhpn^ qhpmqmbgm^hu ihq^Y, qpm^mbnipjmb, ^nippYmjY ^mmtfnipjmb,
1 TIKA 2012 Annual Report, Turkish Cooperation and Coordination Agency, ed. N. Yildiz, http://store.tika.gov.tr/yayinlar/faaliyet-raporlari/tika2012AnnRep.pdf, pp. 158-165.
U^^nLJpY h mplhusY smpmfcUmb bqmmm^: Uju lhbspnbbhpp ushqfclh[_ hb Q-jnphY YbusYsnLsY, PpYsmbmlmb ^nphprY, UhplmbshuY YbusYsnLsY h bimbmsYl mjL hmusmsnLpjnLbbhpY opYbmlnl1: ^pYlYuYnL^ 3nLbnLu tbphY mblmb pnLppm^mb ^mlnLpmjYb lhbspnbY pmgnLiib Ypmlmbmgphg ^nLppYmjY infalmp^mihs Pjnqhbp UpYbpp 2012p. imjYuYb: ZYibmrpmiY sbophb U[Y inLmp PYlfhbb Yp pmgimb ^nupnLtf b2hg, np HpmusmbY h ^mppYmjY ^Y^h pmqmpm^mb h sbshumlmb hmpmphpnLpjnLbbhpp «hmuh[ hb l[minmpjmi iimlmp]mlp, hhshmpmp IdpYipupY 3nLbnLu iphpnippmlimti if2mlinLpmjjiii ihiiinpniiji pmgniilp lbmnmjji npiqhu imifnipp pnipphphiiji h ipmghphiiji lipph, ^mlnhjpji h mplhusp ipnjumiimlifmb. h hplnL hplpiihpji ifjiph hmiimqnpbmlgnLpjmb. Junpmgifmb. nuiqiupjmiip»: F ]hl, b2lmfc lhbs-pnbp pmglhg Flmbh 2mlm^Y2lYLnL mblmb ^pYl^uYY ihsmlmb hmJm^um-pmbnLj, npY nhlsnpp pmgimb mpmpnqnLpjmb dmiimbml b2hg, np lhbspnbY
qnphnLbhnLpjnLbp «mbqbmhmshjY &mnmjnLpjnLb limsnLgY HpmusmbY lppmlmb h J2mlnLpmjYb ljmbfYb»3: Cus HpmusmbnLj ^nLppYmjY ]huim-bmsmb spmJmrpmh shqhlmslnLpjmb 3nLbnLu tJph pntppmlmb ^mlnL-pmjYb lhbspnbp pnLppmqYsnLpjmb pmdYbbhp t pmgh[_ bmh ^mpmjYuY UlmlY Uhphph[nL mblmb h U^m^g^mjY ^hsmlmb lppnLpjmb hm-JmLumpmbbhpnLj4:
bppnpr ihsmlmb hmusmsnLpjmb ^pnbY qnphhpY bm^mqmhnLpjmb (^Qb) qnphnLbhnLpjnLbp HpmusmbnLj hu pbrqplh^ t JY fmbY n|npsbhp, npnbp qhpmqmbgm^hu mnb^lnLi hb lpnbmlmb h hnqhnp ^b]YpbhpYb: ^Qb-b HpmusmbY pmqmpmgYbhpYb spmJmrpnuJ t oqbnLpjnLb hmpp lmq-JmlhpцJmb, ^^p^pni pmpnqY^bhpY YfmJbhpY nLunLgimb, muslmhm-pmbbhpY imspmusimb, hhspnLhmlmb lppnLpjmb b^msmlnl lppmpn-2mlbhpY spmimrpimb, ipmghphbnl Yu^mimlmb qpmlmbnLpjmb smpmfc-imb mnnLUbhpnl, ^Qb-b hmJmlmpqnLJ t bmh iqlYpbhpY ihpmbnpnqimb,
1 Ayhan Kaya, Yunus Emre Cultural Centers: The AKP's Neo-Ottomanism and Islamism, http://www.tr.boell.org/web/51-1725.html
2 The Tbilisi Yunus Emre Turkish Cultural Centre Opened,
http://www.yev.org.tr/turkiye/index.php?lang=en&page=7&newsCat=1&newsID=297
3 "bm-jb sbqm.U:
4 Turkiye-Gurcistan Kulturel ili§kileri, 24.10.2012, http://tbilisi.emb.mfa.gov.tr/ShowInfoNotes.aspx?ID=164753
bnphpY lmnnLgimb qmphnLi ^Ybmbumlmb h ^nphprmslmlmb odmb]mlnL-pjmb spmUmrpniip [16]: ^Qb qhlmlmpnLpjnLbp Hpmusmb mjgh|hg 2009p., Yul HpmusmbY hnqhnp mnmpbnprp ^0-b qhlmlmpYb ^nLppYmjiLi hmb]Y-ihg 2014p. imjYuYb: ^Q-b-b 1995p. hYibmrphg blpmuYmlmb Yu^mimlmb ^nphnLprp (bFfr, Avrasya Islam urasi), npp rmp^h^ t lmphnp hmppml Pm|-lmbbhpY h U^Z Yu^mimlmb hmiimjbpbhpY hhs m2^msmbpY lmqimlhpi-imb hmpgnLi [15, p. 89]: bFfr-p iY^. mjdi lmqimlhpihL t 8 hmimdnqnl, npnbg imubmlgh^ hb bmh HpmusmbY Yu^mimlmb hmiimjbpbhpY qhlmlmp-bhpp, mj] plnLi UpmpYmjY imi.^pYbhpp:
F LpmLiib lhpnhY2jmL ihsmlmb hmusmsnLpjni.bbhpY HpmusmbnLi qmphnLi hb bmh $hpnL|m Q-jnqbbY gmbgYb imslmbnq pnuppmlmb iY 2mpf lppmlmb hmusmsnupjnubbhp: Umubmlnpm^hu, mlsYl hb qjnqhbmlmb «pnuppmlmb ripngbhpp», npnbp qmphnLi hb «HpmusmbY 2mq|mp lppmlmb hmusmsnupjnubbhp» (Qaglar Egitim Kurumlari) lmqUmlbpinLpimb hnlmbnu bhppn, npp hYibmrplh^ t 1993p. phsplmpYb: UYb^ mjdi HpmusmbY smpphp hmslmhbhpnLJ ushqfclh|_ h qmphnLi hb mj] lmqUmlbpinLpimbp qms-lmbnq 7 ripng, ihl hmim^umpmb h ihl imubmqYsmlmb ripng1: Uj] iipngbhpY hYibmrpimb smpYbhpp gnujg hb smj^u, np pmgmnnLpJmJp mnm^Yb hplnuuY h hmim^umpmbY, npnbp ushqfclh|_ hb ^pYiYuYnui h Pmpnu-dmi hmim^msmu^mbmpmp 1993 h 1995pp., ijiuu hYbq ripngbhpp hYi-bmrplhL hb «lmp]hpY hhqmln^nupjnubYg» hhsn Ummlm2lYl.ni- Y2Wmbnu-pjmb smpYbhpYb:
^jniLhbmlmb ripngbhpY ph lmnmlmpnuip, ph rmumlmbrnuip (Uhfc imumip) YpmlmbmglnLi t ^nuppYmjY pmqmpmgYbhpY lnqiYg: uj] ripngbhpb m^pY hb pblbnui 2hbpmjYb [ml imjiimbbhpnl h mnmpmrhi
1 Ujr gmbgYb imslmbmq ripmgbbpb bb $-pYlYuYY TbdYpbiY imubmlmp pmjbpp hYib. 1993p. (Private Demirel School), PmpmuiY P-CmhYbY pmpblmJmupJmb bmjubmlmb h iYpYb ripmgp hY^b. 1994p. (R.Sahin Friendship Primary Secondary School), -SmipmjYuY bYlm bYlmimAbY mblmb bm]ubm-lmb h iYpYb ripmgp hYib. 2004p. (Kutaisi Niko Nikoladze Primary Secondary School), ^pYlYuYY «CfcYlY» bm^bmlmb ripmgp hY^b. 2011p. (Primary school "Skhivi'), $-pYLYuYY bYlnpiq UbpbpbLii. iYpmqqmjYb ripmgp hYib. 2006p. (Tiflis Nikolaz Tsereteli International School), frmuupmlYY frmuu-pmlbLiu bmjubmlmb h iYpYb ripmgp hYib. 2007p. (Rustabi Rustaveli Primary Secondary School), UmnbbmiLY UqJm2bbbpblm. bmjubmlmb ripmgp hY^b. 2011p. (Marneuli Agmashenebeli Primary school) h ^pYlYuYili qmp&mq UU&mljmb JY2mqqmJYb hmimLumpmbp (International Black Sea University)" hYib. 1995p.:
Ч.SЬp-UшpllnuJшll
<21-p] IUP», pfii¡ 1 (6З), 2016p.
тЬ^Ь[^ш^шЬ ^nL&nLÜüЬpnф ¿шшпъ^ nL2ШipnLpJnLÜ t hшm^шg4nLJ ^nLp-р[ш]пы шьг[ nLÜЬgnr oL[Jщ[шiшЬЬp[Ь JшuЬш^gnLp]шЬp, np[ 2^nph[4 iщpngш^шЬЬЬp[Ь hüшpш4npnLp]nLÜ t рьл.ьп4пы ш]дЬ|Ь|_ фпфр[ш, hшünpшüшL &pшqp[ ^шqJш^Ьpщ[¿ЬЬp[Ь h hшuшшшЬL ^^p: nL2шqpш4 t, np mpng^pM h hшüшLuшpшü[ umЬr&4ш& t h фn^LpшgЬnr
hшüш^шpq: Ъш^Ьш^шЬ h ^[^[b iщpngЬЬp[ 2P2шЬш4шpmЬЬpp hшJшLuш-pшünLÜ un4npЬL[u uшшünLÜ ЬЬ qЬI¿: ZшüшLuшpшünLÜ un^np^ni. mшp[ЬЬ-p[b hu nшшЬnrЬЬpp uшшünLÜ ЬЬ hЬшpш4npnLp]nLЬ цшppЬpшpшp U^u-Ьш^дЬ^ш. pnLppш^шЬ ^ш^фш^Ь ü[2ngшnnLÜЬЬp[Ь h ш^Ь^Ь^ш.
фпфр[ш][ ^ppш^шЬ h q[mш^шЬ hшumшmnLp]nl.ЬЬЬp: ^^png^pM 2p^-Ьш4шpшЬЬp[ hшüшp hш]шшpшp4nLÜ ЬЬ Ьшh ^ppшpn2Ш^ЬЬp[ UpgnL|pЬЬp, 2шmЬpp л^ьпы ЬЬ фпфр[ш, [^^u Ьшh ъ^пщш h UUL pшpÁpшqnl.]Ь ^ppnLpjn^b umшbшLnL Ьщштш^ф U]inLhшЬiЬpÁ., [^^u hшpgшqpnL]gnLÜ Ь2^ t Ьш.]Ь hшüшLuшpшЬ[ щpnфЬunpЬЬp[g Л^р, pЬh ш]] iщpngЬЬpp h[ü-bшip4ш& ЬЬ pnLppш^шЬ Ьш^шÁ.ЬпЬnLp]шJp, т.ЬЬЬ pnLppш^шЬ ^ppш^шЬ hшuшшшnLp]nLЬЬЬp[Ь hшp[p hшüш^шpq, uш^ш]Ь q]nцhЬш^шЬnLp]шЬ h ФПФР[Ш][ 4ЬpшpЬp]ШL n¿ pшgшhш]ш pшpnq¿nLp]nLЬ, n¿ ^p^ ^шшшp4nLÜ [17]: Uj] ш^ЬЬП^ hшЬiЬpÀ, pnjnp JшuЬш2ЬЬpЬp[ ][йшд ЧpшuшшЬ[ ]pn2[ hЬш J^u^ шЬrшip4шh t Ьшh pnLppш^шЬp, [u^ pnjnp iцpngЬЬp[ шшppЬpшЬ2шЬЬЬp[ ^ш цшш^Ьp4шh ЬЬ [pшp Л.Ьпр uЬrJnr pnLppш^шЬ h ^шдш^шЬ ipn2ЬЬpp: U]u[ЬpЬ Ш2Ш^ЬpmЬЬpp h nшшЬnrЬЬpЬ шйЬЬ op шп^ь^пы ЬЬ фпфр[шф hЬш шungшg4nr ^nphpiшЬ[2ЬЬp[Ь:
ЧpшuшшЬnLÜ фпфр[ш][ iЬuцшЬшшnLЬЬ [pш^шЬшgЬnLÜ t bшh 2шpp hpшqpЬp, npn^ Ь2^ш& ЦШ2ШПЬШ^ШЬ Op[Ьш^, ЩЬр-
uшЬip лпь]ь|[ь Ь2Ь^ t, np [p rЬ4ш4шpш& ^шqüш^ЬpцnLp]шЬ ^nr^[g iЬuцшЬшшшЬ ш^^дт^ш^ [pш^шЬшg4nLÜ t «Upшp]nLpp[ шпш2bnp-цп^шЬ iшupЬpшgЬЬp» hpшq[pp: Uj] &pшqp[ [pш^шЬшgJшЬ ¿npu mú[u-ЬЬp[ рbpшgpnLÜ шшppЬp Ьш^шpшpnLp]nLЬЬЬp[ Ьp^nL шшuЬ]ш^ ЦШ2ШП-Ь]шЬЬp[ hшüшp ^p^g^ntJ t[Ь iшuш^nunLp]nl.ЬЬЬp шшppЬp pЬJшЬЬpnф [u^ ^hp^^ 2шpшp4ш рЬpшgpnLÜ pntpp i[4шЬшqЬmЬЬp[g Л^р ^p^g^ tp iшuш^nunLp]nLЬЬЬp[ 2шpp «Upшp]nLpp[ ^pp Ьnp ^Ьшп^шЬ uшЬrЬüшЬ qnphnLÜ» ^npшqpnф Uju hpшqp[ hшüшp mpшJшip4ЬL t ршЬ[ шшuЬ]ш^ hшqшp ^шдш^шЬ pmp[ [13]:
21-pq n-UP», ppl 1 (бЗ), 201бр.
Ч.SЬp-UшphnuJшll
\ а
b^mrnJ nibbbminl ibp^mpmqpjmip Jb¿n l t ^mjümbmlnplmh pnippm^mb bbplmjnipjmb b^mmümlp ipmgm^mb hmumpmlnipjmb b J2^mbnipjnibbbpJ pblminiümjJb mmppbpnipjnibbbpp: ЧbpnhJ2]Шl hmpgm-qpnijgniü Ummlm2lJiJb шфunuшbp t hmjmbniü, np Jp lmnmlmpümb dшüшbшlш2P2шbnlü 2ШШ bpJmmumpqbbpJ ¿J niqmplbi ^nippJm mjb rnbubbini Цш1 mjbmbq unlnpbini hmümp: «Pl bplpnilppiuliuhnili2шт pp¿ lümpiq Цш, npnhp ámhm¿nilü bb fönipppiuh: npmîinl t щшJlíшhшlnplшà, np шшЦшЦЬ шпЦш bb 2шт hшJuшщш2шplínlhphЬp: 4iuniuliupnipjiuli lümlmp-цшЦпЫ ш].i tlшJuшщш2шplínltlptlЬpp hшupшhшplЬgptl..., uiulluijli lüblip ¿.tphp ipupbnil, np llшJuшщш2шplínlllpllЬpp 2^pnihmllnil tpb qbpp2]ubi iuq-qmphml¡¿nip]mh lb]?» [4, pp. 20-21]: Q-jnpubip hmlbiniü t, np J mmppbpnipjnib rnbrnbumlmb b nmqümlmpmlmb JbmbqpmgJmjJ niqqnipjnibbbpnl mpàm-bmqplmh mpijnibpbbpJ bplni bplpbbpJ pmqmpmgJmlmb hmumpmlni-pjnibbbpJ bbplmjmgnigJ¿bbpJ, hmbpmjJb lmphJp Á.bmlnpnqbbpJ, ibpini-hmpmbbbpJ, ibpinihmlmb lbbspnbbbpJ b ipmmlmlmb hmümjbpbbpJ üJ2b lm^bpp qqmiJnpbb pniji bb: Uju hmbqmümbpJ mpijnibpniü n¿ ^bnppbpniü-bbpp, n¿ bpllnqü hmpmpbpnipjnibbbpniü шпЦш ibpbifbbpb ni lmjpt2pbbpp bplni bplpbbpJ hmbpmjJb pbbmplniübbpniü pmlmpmp ni2mqpnipjmb ¿bb mpdmbmbniü [б, p. 5]:
bpmlmbniü, IpmgJbbpJ ibpmpbpünibpp ^nippJmjJ b pnippbpJ blmrnümüp 2шpnlbшЦnlü t A-bmlnplbi üJ 2mPP qnphnbbbpJ mqqbgnipjmüp: Ъш^, ^mrnümlmb b ü2mlnipmjJb mnniünl ipmgmlmb hmumpmlnipjmb hmlmpmlmb pblmiümb üb2 qbn 1шп bb ouümbjmb mJpm^bmnipjmb dmüm-ЬшЦ ^mrnümlmb hmlmümpmnipjnibbbpJ, pm^niübbpJ ibpmpbpjmi hJ2n-qnipjnibp: Uju qnphnbbbpJg qmm, 4nllmujmb pmpnübmpJ lnqüJg Чpшu-mmbJ hmbpmjJb lmphJpJ niuniübmuJpnipjmb mpijnibpbbpp1 gnijg bb mm-ipu übl mji ni2mqpml üJmniü: Zbmbjmi Uqiniumllp gnijg t rnmipu lbp2Jb hJbq mmpJbbpJb mbqJ nibbgmh hmbpmjJb lmphJpJ фпфп^п^шЬ qJbmüJlmb:
1 Cross-country datasets, http://caucasusbarometer.org/en/cross-country/
Sшphp[^ о Ь^щЬ u hp ^hpшphp^nLÜ pntpphp[ h^ hшüшшhr p[qЬhu[Ь a Up]jn p ^nrü hf, np ^pшgnLh[ЬhpЬ ш^ПШЬШЬШЬ pntpphp[ h^
2009 7З% ^nrü 19% ^nrü
2010 66% ^nrü 19% ^nrü
2011 66% ^nrü 21% ^nrü
2012 6З% ^nrü 20% ^nrü
2013 72% ^nrü 23% ^nrü
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ULhpuшbip ЛпЬ]Ь|[Ь щЬцпЫ t. «bpЬ ¿i^hp Фпфр[ш][ ш^ш^пъ-ppi^ шЬ^ш^п^шЬ шпш£[Ь шшp[ЬЬp[Ь, hш4шЬш^шЬ t, np Чpшuшшbb шЬqшJ ^pnr tp q^n^n^ ¿пъЬЬЬш|» [13]: ЭЬ|[рфш|шЬ hu 2Ь2шпЫ t, np «ФПФР[ШЬ ЧpшuшшЬ[Ь hЬш pш2hg ¿.Ш^ПГ^ШЬ ЩЬШП^ШЬ 4Ьpшh4ЬlnL n^rnLg oq^m^ ЬpшЬ ]шпЬш|_ ntdhr h шpiJnLbш4hш щЬшnLp]nLЬ» [2, p. 28]: «и^Ьт.|Ь dшJшЬш^,- 2шpnl.Ьш^nLJ t ЛпЬ]Ь|[Ь,- цшшйш^шЬ h[2n-rnLp]nLЬp, шйЬЬ ]ЬщрпЫ, ш2^шшпЫ t, h шqqшpЬш^¿nLp]шЬ Uhb U^up qqnL2ш4npnLp]шüp t ünшЬЬnLÜ pntpphp^: Фпфр[ш][ qhJ, [hшp^Ь, Uhb hш^шpшpnq¿nLp]nLЬ t pbpшbnLÜ, h[üЬш^шЬnLÜ Ь^ЬrЬgшüЬp¿ 2P2шЬш^ЬЬp[ ^nrü[g, ЬppЬJЬ ЬpшЬp (pntpphpp- SU) ]ш 4шuшш^nLÜ ЬЬ, ЬppЬJЬч n¿» [13]:
^ш ЧшщшЬшЛ.Ь[, ш]u ш^ЬЬп^ hшbihpЛ. Фпфр[ш][ [pш^шЬшgpшh ^ш^п^ш^Ь pшrшpш^шЬnLp]nLЬЬ ш]ЬршЬ t[_ шЬuшЬЬL[ ¿t hшЬpnLp]шЬ 2P2шbnLÜ: Zшuшpш^nLp]nLЬp ¿[ ЦШПЬПЫ pnLppшüЬш, pnLppш^шb Ш^шЬ-inL]pЬЬpp ¿ЬЬ фn^шp[Ь4nLÜ 4pшgш^шbnф ш]п , Фпфр[шЬ ^phnp ]hp t ^шгпЫ, uш^ш]Ь n¿ ш^щ^МЬ, [^щ^МЬ bU-p h UUb-p [9]: hшЬpш][Ь pЬЬшp^nLÜЬЬpnLÜ, puш ЧшщшЬшЛ.Ь[, hшüЬüшш4nLÜ ЬЬ ftnшшuшшЬp h Фпфр[шЬ, ^^ntU t, np «^ш^шЬ^и Фпфр[шЬ ш^Ьф 2шш
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21-рц ППГ», рфг/ 1 (65), 2016р.
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^тирр-фхшдш^шЬ Ьш^шширтЬЬЬрЬ и£шррш]1ш[
Фпърр-^ршдш^шЬ hшtfшqпphш^дпLpJшЬ шрц]П1.ЬрпЫ дршЬд^шЬ шр^пъЬр-ЬЬрфд ршдф, шп^ш ЬЬ Ьшh прп2ш^ф ршрцпърръЬЬЬр, прпЬр dшtfшЬш^ шп dшtfшЬш^ qLПL^ ЬЬ ршрЛршдЬпЫ Ьр^п^и hшpшрЬpпLpJПLЬЬЬpпLtf: Ъцш-шш^ ¿пъЬЬЬш^п^ шЬцршцшпЬш[_ рЬЬшр^п^ рпщр hш^шuпLpJПl.ЬЬЬpфЬ uшпph ^рЬЬшр^Ф и^шрфшф ^Ь^^рр:
Фпъррш^шЬ ЬЬр^шрърръЬр h и2ш4п^ршфЬ ЬЬрршфшЬдпЫЬ шпш^Ь^ шЬишЬЬ^М ЬЬ Ц^шрфшрЫ, пртЬ^, риш 2002р. тфш^ЬЬрф, шщрпЫ Ь ш^Ьф ршЬ 120 hшq. tfшhtfЬqш^шЬ: ЪршЬр шщрпЫ ЬЬ hшш^шцЬu [ЬпЬшфЬ h
^пцпф 2Р2щЬЬЬрпЫ, фЬ¿щЬu Ьшh РшрпЫти, ^^ тЬ^шрЬф^ЬЬрф цЬ^^ш^р, и^шрфшрЫ ¿^шЬ qjnщЬp, пртЬ^ шцрЬЬ ифш;|Ь tfшhtfЬqш^шЬЬЬp ифш;|Ь ppфumпЬJшЬЬp [18, р. 107]: 2013р. hpшцшpш^4ш^ qЬ4m-JдпLtf Ьшh Ь2^п^ Ь, пр |ЬпЬшфЬ Ц^шрфшрЫ uпдфшL-mЬmЬuш^шЬ щш^шЬЬЬрЬ шпш^Ь^ ршрц ЬЬ, прпЬд цшш^шпп^ тЬ^ф tfшhtfЬqш^шЬ рЬш^пърръЬр ЬЬршр^п^ Ь тшршрЬп^р ишЬфщпъишдфшЬЬрф (рпъррЬрф ^п^ифд) h ^шрш^шЬпър]шЬ (шЬ^ш^шЬ ^ЬрЬш^шпш^шр^шЬ ишрифЬЬЬрф ^п^ифд) [19]:
Фпъррш^шЬ ^рпЬш^шЬ ^шqJш^ЬpцпLp]ПLЬЬЬpЬ и^шрфшф шшршЬ-рпЫ пъЬЬЬ иф ршЬф шшuЬ]ш^Y hшuЬпq qф2Ьpopф^ цщрпдЬЬр, прпЬдпЫ ц]пщш^шЬ ш^ршш рЬшшЬфрЬЬрф ЬрЬ^шЬЬрфЬ шЬ^шр ^ррпърръЬ Ь тршишцр^пЫ, прфд hЬшп 2шшЬрфЬ пщшр^пЫ ЬЬ Фпъррфш ^рпЬш^шЬ ^ррпърръЬ uшшЬшLПL Ьщштш^пф Ь, пр 1993р. ф ^Ьр ^рпЬш^шЬ
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иЬЬ Uшuр ^Ьрш^шрЛ-Ь^ Ь т. пpцЬu и^фрЬЬрф uцшuш4пp ш2^шшшЬрф шЬдЬ[_ ЧpшuшшЬф шшррЬр рЬш^ш^ш^ЬрпЫ: 2014р. иш^^ тфш^ЬЬрп^ ЧpшuшшЬф тшршйрпЫ qпphпLU Ьр 311 и^фр2, прпЬд иЬЬ Uшuр фпрр
1 Дарья Асламова, Аджария: между крестом и полумесяцем, http://www.kp.ru/daily/adjara
2 Diyanet 1§1еп Ba§kaш СогтеЕ, Gйrcistan Ortodoks Kilisesi Patrigi 11. ilia'yl kabul etti, 02.05.2014, http://www.diyanet.gov.tr/tr/icerik/diyanet-is1eri-baskani-gormez-gurcistan-ortodoks-ki1isesi-patrigi-11-i1ia
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Чbp2Jb шшpJbbpJb Чpшuшшbnlü hшшЦшцbu unip bb pbbmplniübb-pp pnippmlmb üJ 2mPP bpmqpbpJ lm^mlgnipjmüp, ümubmlnpm^bu üqlJpbbpJ ibpmlmnnigümb цш1 bnpbpJ lmnnigümb niqqnipjmüp: U^mpJmjniü pnippmlmb bbplmjnipjmb qbü hшшЦшцbu 1^пшцшь ^mjpmp t üqniü ЧpшuшшbJ nlqqшфшп blbqbgJb, npp ^mjpmpniü t U^mpJmjJ ümhübqmlmbbbpJ lbpшppJuшnbbшgüшb b ^nippJmjJ шшpшhpnlü ipmgm-цшь blbqbgJbbpJ ibpmlmnnigümb niqqnipjmüp: UJ pmbJ IpmgJ hnqbnpm-lmbbbp mnmlbi m¿pJ bb pblbi pnippbpJ qbü шшplnq pmpnq¿nipjmüp, npnbp U2mpJmjJ m^mpnippmlmbmgümb ümuJb pmpnqniü bb mbqmü dmübpqnipjnibbbpJ pbpmgpniü: bpmbp Jpmlmbmgbniü bb qmbqlmhmjJb üЦpшnlpJшb mpmpnqnipjnibbbp «bm^bJbbpJ hшlшшpJb lbpmqmpÁ.bbini ьцшшшцп1» [19, pp. 122-123]: ЧpшgJ hnqbnpmlmbnipjmbp b hmumpmlm-lmb-pmqmpmlmb 2P2mb^lbbpJb hшшЦшцbu üшшhnqnlü bb U2mpJmjJ шшppЬp hшшlшhbbpnlü, hшшЦшцbu Pmpniüniü b Q-nbJnjniü qnphnq hmumpmlmg шbbpp, npnbg hJübmlmb mjgbinibbpp pnippbpb bb: Ubl mji ni2mqpml qnphpbpmg t ЧpшuшшbJ Juimümqmlmb pbmlJ¿bbp nibbgnq üJ 2mpp pbmlmlmjpbpniü (5bim, UшüшшgЦшpn, 'LJqlqJmbJ, öJbglmpn b mjib) qnphnq üqlJpbbpJ цш1 üJbmpbbbpJ шцшünbшшdnlüp, Jul npn2 pbmlmlmjpbpJ üqlJpbbpniü nippmpopjm mqnppbbpJ qbü pnqnpJ gnijgbpp, npnbp, puш npn2 ^bqniübbpJ, niqqnpqlniü bb nlqqшфшп blbgbqni lnqüJg:
Zmpl t b2bi, np шшppbp ibpinihmpmbbbp b pmqmpmlmb 2P2шbшЦbbp mlbmplniü bb lpnbmlmb hnqJ ipm Чpшuшшbnlü hbmpmlnp implmhni-pjmb 02m^bbpJ Á.bmlnpümb ümuJb: Ujq цшш^шпп1 hmumpmlnipjmb üJ Ьшш1шЬ ьш1шшп11 t, np ^nippJmjJ шЦшJlnlpJnlbp Чpшuшшbnlü b Juimümqmlmb IpmgJbbpJb gnigmpbpmh odmbqmlnipjnibp Чpшuшшbnlü hbbmpmb uшbqhblnl ьцшшшц nibbb: UJb¿qbn, hJübmlmbniü hbbg Juimümqmlmb IpmgJbbpp b, mnmlbi blmq ¿шфп1, mji tpbJl ^üpbpJb цшшЦшbnq Juimümqmlmbbbpb mjq ^bqniübbpp hmümpniü bb mbplinibbiJ, pmbJ np mjq übqmqpmbpJ цшш^шпп1 bpmbp hmümplniü bb n¿ iJmpdbp ni oшшplшh IpmgJbbp b pmqmpmgJbbp: bpmbp hmlbiniü bb, np ^nippJmb
HpmummbnLj hhmm^bqnLj t qhpmqmbgm^hu mbmhum^mb 2mhhp, ^u^ Hpmummb^ JmhJhqm^mbbhpp ¿hb m^pm^hmnLj mqqhg^ L^m^bhp^, np^huq^ ^nLpp^mj^ hmJmp fcmnmjhb np^hu 5-pq 2mpmujnLb [19, p. 128]:
Hpmg-pnLppm^mb hmpmphpnLpjnLbbhpnLj mn^m hm^munLpjnLbbhp^ hm^npq ^bq^pb mnb^^nL^ t hp^nL hp^pbhpnLj J2m^nLpmj^b dmnmbqnLpjmb ^mh^mbJmb h mbop^bJmb hmpghp^b: Hpmg-pnLppm^mb J^^hmm^mb hmpmphpnLpjnLbbhph qmpqmgJmbp qnLqmhhn hmm^m^hu u^umfc 2005 p^m^mb^g, Hpmg HLqqm^mn h^hqhg^b mnm^hL Jh& hhmhnqm^mbnLpjmJp t pmp&pmgbnLj ^nLpp^mj^ hjnLu^umphhijmb hmm^mfcnLj qmb^nq J^ pmb^ h^hqhg^bhp^ h ^mbphp^ (O2, ^famb, frmb&pm, Op^pm, Upqm2hb, ^hpm^mnnLgJmb hmpgp: ^hh Zmjng Unmph^m^mb h^hqhg^b h J^ 2mpp hmj ^mmJmpmbbhp nL ^mpmmpmqhmbhp hmpgm^mb^ rnm^ hb qbnLj mjq h^hqhg^bhp^ Hpmg HLqqm^mn h^hqhgnLb ^mm^mbh^nL ^bqnLJbhpp, um^mjb mju ^mh^b mjq h^hqhg^bhp^ ^mpqm^^m^ h ^hpm^mnnLgJmb hmpghpnLj mnm^h^ hhmhnqm^mb t Hpmg HLqqm^mn h^hqhg^b: U^hbnujb dmJmbm^, pnLppm^mb ^nqJp ^mhmb^nLj t, np^huq^ pnu^mrnp^h ^hpm^mnnLgh^ PmpnLj^ Uq^q^h Jq^PG h ^hpmbnpnqh^ ^npnL^hp^ ^^^P^^h h U^m^g^mjY UhJmqfym h 2mph|^ Jq^pbhpp: Zmp^ t hm^h^h^, np ^nqJhp^ ^mjJmbbhpp h pmbm^g^nq ^pnbm^mb ^mnnLjgbhp^ gnLgm^bhpp dmJmbm^ mn dmJmbm^ ^n^^nLJ hb [20]:
Hpmg h^hqhgnL mnm^bnpqbhpp ^bqnLj hb, np U^mp^mjnLj qnjnLpjnLb nLbhb hmpjnLpm^np Jq^pbhp, J^b^qhn h^hqhg^bhp^ pMn ¿h qhpmqmbgnLj 40-p, hhshmpmp, bm^pmb U^mp^mjnLj bnp h^hqhgm. 2^bmpmpnLpjmb ^mJ ^hpmbnpnqJmb Jmu^b ^nuh^p, hmp^m^np t bm^ [p^nphb mbqpmqmnbmL Smjfh (^mn-^^mp^hph) phJ^b ^mm^mbnq h^hqhg^bhp^ ^mh^mbJmb h bpmbgnLj ^pnbm^mb fchuhp^ nL fcmnmjnLpjnLbbhp^ ^pm^mbmgJmb hpm-^nLbp ummbm^nL ^bq^pbhp^b: Hpmg hnqhnpm^mbbhpp ^mhmb^nLj hb bmh, np ^¿^hu hmjhph, hnLjbhph h hphmbhph ^mpmqmjnLj, mjb^hu tL 4pmgfr-bhp^b hmp^m^np t rnm[ ^nppmJmubnLpjmb ^pm^nLbpbhp, ^¿p pnLJL 4mm A.hnp phphL hpm^m^mb ^mpqm^^m^, ^¿^b tL, pus bpmbg, ^hhmh^ 4pmg h^hqhg^bhph h ^mbphp^ ^hpmqmp&p Hpmg HLqqm^mn h^hqhgnLb1: ^nLp-
1 Georgian Patriarchate Suggests Turkey Allow Services In Christian Churches In Return For Allowing A Mosque To Be Built In Georgia, http://www.pravoslavie.ru/english/60586.htm
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U^mpMmjntJ bhp^mjmg^mfc MpnqnLpjnLbbhpM hmJmqpnLJMg ^mpnq t m^m^npnLpjntb umhqfc^hb np ^pmgm^mb hmumpm^ntpjmb pnjnp 2hpshpp pnLn lmJ pmpA.pmA.mjb, Mphbg mbhmJmA.mjbnLpjni.bb hb hmjmbn^J pntppm-lmb pmqmpm^mbnLpjmb b^mmJmJp: ^m^mbntJ, hmm^m^hu Umm^m-24Ml.nL ^2^mbnLpjmb dmJmbm^, ^mphnp pmqmpm^mb ^m2rnnbbhp qpmqhg-pmfc mbA.^bp ^bqn^J hb, np «hph mb^hqfc jMbhbp... mqm ^n^pp^mb U^mp^m-jnLJ JM m^m^mnntgnqm^mb qhp ¿M ni.bhgh[_ h n^^b^ ¿M mphj, npp ^mpnq tp ¿pm^mpmph[_ Mb¿-np Jh^Mb: "bpmbg hmJmp, n^php m^pn^J hb U^mpMmjntJ, hmphmbntpjntbp ^ntppMmjM hhs, pus tnLpjmb, 2mhnLpmphp t, qnphm^gn^pjn^bp mbmhum^mb, mnLp^umm^mb h mnhspmjMb njnpmbhpnLJ n¿ JM mbhmpJmpnLpjnLb ¿M ^mm^mnntJ» [7]: "bnLjb hmpgmqpnLjgnLJ pbbm-qmmnLpjn^b lm bmh ^ntppMmjMb qmmmqmpmnq mjb ^mqJm^hp^nL-pjnLbbhpM h hmumpm^ntpjmb mjb 2p^mbm^bhpM hmbqh^, npnbp JhfcmpntJ hb ftntumummbp h ^m^mpm^ntJ ^ntppMmb bpmbg mb^mbhjn^ «m^m^m-nntgnqm^mb h hm^mdnqn^pqm^mpm^mb nLdhp»:
Ihljinhifpbp, 2015p.
Uqpjnipbhp h qpmlmhnLpjniU
1. Mickael Hikari Cecire, The Merchant Hegemon: Georgia's Role in Turkey's Caucasus System in Georgian Foreign Policy: The quest for Sustainable Security, eds. K. Kakachia and M. Cecire, Tbilisi, Konrad Adenauer Stiftung e.V, 2013, pp. 111-124.
2. Mitat Qelikpala, Turkey as a Regional Power and the Caucasus, Insight Turkey, 2007, vol. 9, no. 2, pp. 25-30.
3. Bayrarm Balci, Strengths and Constraints of Turkish Policy in the South Caucasus, Insight Turkey, v. 16, n. 2, 2014, pp. 43-52.
4. Interview with Mikheil Saakashvili: Georgia's Westward March, Turkish Policy Quarterly, 2013, v. 12. n. 1.
5. Ahmed Davutoglu, Turkey's Foreign Policy Vision: An assessment of 2007, Insight Turkey, 2008, v. 10, n. 1, pp. 77-96.
6. Diba Nigar Goksel, Turkey and Georgia: Zero-Problems?, On Wider Europe, Black Sea Trust for Regional Cooperation, GMF, June 2013.
7. ZmpgmqpnLjg t^m S^t2tim2^LnL htm, Jmjhuh 7, 2014p. 0-phlhuh:
8. Irakli Alasania, Forward in Georgian Foreign Policy: The quest for Sustainable Security, eds. K. Kakachia and M. Cecire, Tbilisi, Konrad Adenauer Stiftung e.V, 2013, p. 7.
9. ZmpgmqpnLjg Uhpqh ^m^mbm&hh hhs, Jmjhuh 7, 2014p., 0-phlhuh:
10. ZmpgmqpnLjg ^npm ^nLpJmb^^h^ hhs, Jmjhuh 8, 2014p., 0-phlhuh:
11. Ivane Chkhikvadze, Zero Problems With Neighbors: The Case Of Georgia, Turkish Policy Quarterly, 2011 Summer.
12. Case Studies: Germany, Greece and Turkey: Country background and research hypotheses, A report prepared by the Enhancing the Role of Georgian Migrants At Home project (ERGEM project), Danish Refugee Council and International Centre of Migration Policy Development, 20/9/2013.
13. ZmpgmqpnLjg U|bpumbqp ftnbqhihh hhs, Jmjhuh 6, 2014, 0-phlhuh:
14. ZmpgmqpnLjg ^m^m ^rn^m^mjh hhs, Jmjhuh 11, 2014, 0-phihuh:
15. Kerem Oktem: Projecting Power: Non-conventional Policy Actors in Turkey's International Relations in Another Empire? A Decade of Turkey's Foreign Policy under the Justice and Development Party, eds. Kerem Oktem, Ayse Kadioglu and Mehmet Karsli, Istanbul, Bilgi University Press, 2012, pp. 77-108.
16. §enol Korkut, The Diyanet of Turkey and Its Activities in Eurasia after the Cold War, Acta Slavica Iaponica, 2010, Tomus 28, pp. 117-139.
17. ZmpgmqpnLjg "b^m Qhsm&hh hhs, 0-phlhuh, Jmjhuh 10, 2014:
18. Political Aspects of Islam in Georgia, Irakli Menagarishvili et al, Strategic Research Institute, 2013, p. 107.
19. Islam in Georgia, pp. 107-108.
20. Beka Mindashvili, Decisive battle for Oshki, Tabula, 2012, no. 16.
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ПОСЛЕДСТВИЯ ПОЛИТИЧЕСКОЙ И СОЦИАЛЬНО-ЭКОНОМИЧЕСКОЙ ДЕЯТЕЛЬНОСТИ ТУРЦИИ В ГРУЗИИ
Баграм Тер-Матевосян
Резюме
Важность Грузии для Турции более чем очевидна, и об этом свидетельствует ее растущее из года в год экономическое влияние. Анализ динамики политических и экономических взаимоотношений показывает, что Грузия и Турция преследуют разные цели в процессе построения двусторонних отношений. Если Турция преследует в Грузии геополитические, экономические, религиозные и социально-культурные интересы, то политика Грузии в направлении Турции строится в основном на торгово-экономических и социальных факторах. Большая часть общественно-политических показателей, подавляющее большинство аналитического сообщества в целом положительно относятся к присутствию Турции в экономической и стратегической сферах Грузии. В некоторых кругах общества, тем не менее, присутствует определенная осторожность по отношению к целям, преследуемым Турцией, особенно относительно политики, проводимой Турцией в общинах Аджарии, Абхазии и Грузии, имеющих исламское население. Целый ряд политических сил, организаций, а также Грузинская Православная церковь формируют на общественном негативном мнении политический распорядок, который воспринимается как антитурецкий или антиисламский. Тем не менее, начиная с 2004г., растущее влияние Турции на экономику Грузии, вовлеченность Грузии в энергетические программы, направленные из Азербайджана на запад, продол-
жающаяся неопределенность в русско-грузинских отношениях создала в Грузии основы для системной деятельности Турции, а Грузия оказалась в условиях благоприятных, однако в долгосрочной перспективе неоднозначных геополитических реалий.
THE CONSEQUENCES OF TURKEY'S SOCIOECONOMIC ACTIVITIES IN GEORGIA
Vahram Ter-Matevosyan
Resume
The importance of Georgia for Turkey is more than obvious and this is evidenced by its increasing economic influence. An analysis of the political and economic relationship shows that Turkey and Georgia pursue different goals in their mutual relations. Turkey pursues geopolitical, economic, religious and sociocultural interests in Georgia, whereas Georgia's policy towards Turkey is based primarily on economic and social factors. Most of the Georgian politicians regard favorably the presence of Turkey in their country's economy and strategic areas. However, certain parts of the Georgian society exercise caution with regard to the objectives pursued by Turkey, especially its policies in relation to Adjara, Abkhazia and communities with Muslim population. A number of political forces, as well as the Georgian Orthodox Church, based on negative public opinion formulate a political agenda, which is perceived as anti-Turkish or anti-Islamic. Nonetheless, the increasing Turkish influence on Georgian economy since 2004, Georgia's involvement in energy projects in direction from Azerbaijan to the West, and continued uncertainty in Georgia-Russia relations have created grounds for systemic activities of Turkish political influence. In the short term this brings favorable geopolitical realities for Georgia, yet these are very ambiguous in the long run.
