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Usmanova Z.I. associate professor department of Marketing SamIES
Achilov S. student Mr-219 SamIES
THE ANALYSIS OF THE DEVELOPMENT OF TOURIST AND RECREATIONAL SERVICES IN THE REPUBLIC OF UZBEKISTAN
Abstract. This article presents opinions on the state of development of tourism and recreation services in Uzbekistan and its prospective analysis, and scientific and practical suggestions and recommendations are developed.
Key words. Tourism, tourist-recreational services, tourism resources.
Currently, Uzbekistan has the largest tourism potential among the Central Asian republics. Our country takes a leading place in the world in terms of its historical places, the rich heritage of more than 7,500 centuries-old historical, cultural and architectural monuments that reflect the development of the Great Silk Road. There is an increase and implementation, including development of social, treatment-health (recreational), children's and youth tourism..." In order to fulfill these tasks, to improve the mechanisms of using recreation, to establish touristic-recreational regions, clusters, to provide the population with new jobs, there is a need to study the development trends of the market of touristic-recreational services in Uzbekistan.
The analysis of literature on the field shows that recreational resources are divided into natural recreational resources and historical-cultural potential. Natural recreational resources include landscapes, bioclimate, hydro-mineral resources. A mandatory condition for the availability of natural recreational resources is ecological compatibility of the natural environment. Recreational services are distinguished by the nature of providing services provided by developers to consumers-recreationists, which are directly related to the restoration of people's working ability and health, and their recreation processes. Specialized enterprises of the sanatorium-resort sector serve as developers of recreational services: sanatoriums, boarding houses, rest houses, tourist bases, etc. From this point of view, recreational services appear as a form of tourist services.
It is known that only a complex approach to the management of sanatorium-recreational areas allows to balance and improve the ecological situation, which is considered important in the matter of granting the areas a recreational status. Controlling the interaction between sanatorium-resort areas, agro-industry and recreational complexes, creating a dynamically developing balanced system, allows to significantly expand recreation activities due to the
attraction of areas with great landscape-climatic and recreational potential, which are not currently included in this system.
As experts say that formation of the market for recreational tourism or health services is influenced by several factors. The main ones include: socioeconomic factors (the level of socio-economic development of the region receiving tourists, political and financial stability, growth of population income), recreational and resource potential (natural and man-made factors); the state of tourism infrastructure and ecology of this region; factor of geographical location, especially the state of meeting the tourist demand in relation to the main regions; socio-cultural (increasing working time, increasing free time, changing the mentality of tourists, priorities in the system of spiritual and cultural values, etc.). The combination of space and time (implementation) of this group of factors determines the formation of relatively stable tourist flows. This, in turn, leads to the formation and development of resort areas characterized by the intensity of recreational activities. In general, there are opportunities in Uzbekistan that combine the three most important conditions for the development of tourism, that is, historical and cultural monuments, natural environment and transport facilities. Although there are enough recreational facilities in Uzbekistan, given the increase in population and the arrival of foreign citizens for recreation and treatment, the existing facilities cannot meet the needs of all recreationists. According to statistics, 6,748,500 tourists visited Uzbekistan in 2019, and 5,346,200 in 2018. 51.3 percent of them are 31-55 years old (52.1 percent in 2018), 20.2 percent are 55 years and older (19.4 percent in 2018), 19.5 percent. - 19-30 years old (20.4% in 2018) and 9.1% -persons under 0-18 years old (8.1% in 2018). Including the number of people from foreign countries was 488,400. Most of the tourists came from Kazakhstan, Tajikistan, Kyrgyzstan, Turkmenistan, Russian Federation, Turkey, Afghanistan, China, Republic of Korea and India. 81.8% of them visited relatives and friends, 15.5% came to Uzbekistan for recreation. Those who come for treatment, shopping and work make up 2.7%. At the end of 2019, the export volume of tourism services reached $1,313,032 (in 2018 - $1,041,089).
The nature of Uzbekistan is rich and diverse, more than 200 healing underground mineral water and mud sources have been identified in different regions of the country. Groundwater is diverse according to its chemical composition, biological and other properties. On the basis of these resources, physiotherapeutic hospitals, sanatoriums and other health care facilities were established. Among them, "Chimyon", "Chortoq", "Shahimardon" and other resorts are of world importance. In general, special sanatorium, prophylactic, rest houses serving more than 76,456 people are operating in the republic today.
In order to determine the trend of development of tourist and recreational services, an analysis of the purposes of people's trips to Uzbekistan through hotels and other means of accommodation was carried out. According to him. In 2019, the total number of Uzbek citizens arriving and settling was 1,193,324, of
which 46.4% were settled for business and professional purposes, 20.43% for recreational purposes, and only 3% for direct treatment and prevention purposes. (Table 1).
If we look at the inter-provincial distribution of Uzbek citizens who visited through hotels and other means of accommodation in the table, according to the purpose of the trip, in terms of the number of people staying for the purpose of recreation and treatment, 30,846 people are served in the Samarkand region, which ranks first in the republic compared to other regions, the number of people staying for the purpose of treatment and prevention (2,731 ) is second only to Tashkent region.
Table 1
The number of people staying in hotels and similar accommodations in _2019 by travel purpose and regions to Uzbekistan (person)_
Regions of Uzbekistan total, person Including by goals
Rest and treatment Work and career goals Health treatments Other purposes
1193324 243874 551851 35032 362567
Republic of Karakalpakstan 31259 1209 23045 59 6946
Andijan region 46621 811 30251 627 14932
Bukhara region 65160 30890 20417 314 13539
Jizzakh region 33151 2767 24708 108 5568
Kashkadarya region 75236 8544 61600 14 5078
Navoi region 45846 1105 37769 210 6762
Namangan region 47017 10051 21050 2539 13377
Samarkand region 83525 30846 18945 2731 31003
Surkhandarya region 57491 2708 45103 1291 8389
Syrdarya region 12767 - 7135 78 5554
Tashkent region 76299 27896 25905 3062 19436
Fergana region 49740 2109 27152 640 19839
Khorezm region 44219 17639 17714 - 8866
Tashkent. sh. 524993 107299 191057 1728 224909
Source: Prepared based on the information of the State Statistics Committee of the Republic of Uzbekistan.
Despite the fact that there are enough recreation facilities in Uzbekistan, taking into account the increase in the population, the arrival of foreign citizens for recreation and treatment, it is clear that the existing facilities cannot meet the needs of all recreationists. In particular, in Surkhandarya, Navoi, Andijan, Bukhara, Samarkand and Jizzakh regions, there are opportunities to build many sanatoriums, recreation organizations, boarding houses, and children's camps. If appropriate recreation infrastructures are established in these regions, a great contribution will be made to the restoration of the health of the population of our country, and an opportunity will be created to increase the flow of foreign tourists.
In our opinion, if the State Committee for Tourism Development develops a new system of incentives for recreational activities in solving this issue, the interest of the residents of our country and foreigners will increase even more. This, in turn, would pave the way for effective use of existing sanatoriums and sanatoriums and, as a result, rapid development of the field of tourist and recreational services.
References:
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