CC BY
6
Khudoyorov L.Kh.
lecturer
department of humanities Pedagogical Institute Karshi State University
TERRITORIAL FEATURES OF THE POPULATION AND DEMOGRAPHIC COMPOSITION OF KASHKADARYA REGION
Annotation: Kashkadarya region is one of the most demographic regions of the Republic of Uzbekistan. The demographic situation of the region has been increasing year by year in terms of age and sex, the proportion of people of marriageable age, the large number of children, and the predominance of men in the age group between men and women. The increase in migration flows among the population of the region is directly related to the fact that people of marriageable age stay in foreign countries temporarily or permanently, which affects the demographic situation.
Keywords: Family, population, demography, Kashkadarya, region, composition, marriage, divorce, birth, death, migration, age - gender, male, female, region.
The formation of the family and its quantitative changes depend primarily on the demographic situation in society. Demographics are defined as the age and sex composition of the population, the number of marriages and divorces, births, deaths, and migration. Kashkadarya region is one of the regions in the country with a special demographic structure of families. The permanent population of Kashkadarya region as of April 1, 2020 amounted to 3225.7 thousand people, an increase of 12.7 thousand people or 0.4% compared to the beginning of the year. In particular, the urban population was 1388.6 thousand people (43.0% of the total population), the rural population was 1837.1 thousand people (57.0%). As of April, the largest population in the region was 401.7 thousand in Chirakchi district, 279.4 thousand in Kasan district, 272.1 thousand in Karshi, 85.2 thousand in Mubarek district, 137.6 thousand in Shahrisabz. 200.0 thousand people in Uzor district, 144.4 thousand people in Dehkanabad district, 266.0 thousand people in Kamashi district, 242.7 thousand people in Karshi district, 260.0 thousand people in Kitab district, 117.3 thousand people in Mirishkor district, Nishan 149.3 thousand people in Kasbi district, 192.5 thousand people in Kasbi district, 218.7 thousand people in Shahrisabz district, 258.9 thousand people in Yakkabag district. In terms of regions, the highest population growth rates compared to the corresponding period of 2019 were 2.4% in Nishan district, 2.7% in Chirakchi district, 2.2% in Dehkanabad, 2.1% in Kasan district, 2 in Karshi district. 2,0% while the lowest growth rate was 1.5% in Karshi and 1.7% in Mubarek district. The largest population in the
region is 401.7 thousand people in Chirakchi district (12.5% of the region's population), 279.4 thousand people in Kasan district (8.7%), 272.1 thousand people in Karshi( 8.4%), while the minimum population was 85.2 thousand people (2.6%) in Mubarek district and 117.3 thousand people (3.6%) in Mirishkor district.
Table 1
Comparison of the number of permanent population by regions compared _to the same period last year_
2019 year 2020 year Growth or decrease rate compared to the previous year, in %
Kashkadarya region 3213,1 3280,1 102,1
Karshi city 270,7 275,0 101,6
Shakhrisabz city 137,1 139,3 101,6
districts:
Guzar 199,2 203,4 102,1
Dehkanabad 143,8 146,9 102,2
Kamashi 264,8 270,8 102,2
Karshi 241,9 247,3 102,2
Kasan 278,3 284,4 102,2
Kitab 259,2 263,8 101,8
Mirishkar 116,8 119,1 102,1
Mubarak 84,8 86,5 102,0
Nishan 148,6 152,3 102,5
Kasbi 191,8 195,8 102,1
Chirakchi 399,8 410,2 102,6
Shakhrisabz 218,4 221,9 101,6
Yakkabog 257,9 263,3 102,1
Source: Kashkadarya regional statistics department.
The age structure of the population plays a special role in the formation of the family. Equality of the proportions of men and women in the population, ie proportionality, creates favorable conditions for their marriage and divorce (divorce), births, deaths and migration, but always the share of men and women in society. i is not equal.
The sexual composition of young people, especially 15-19, 20-24, 25-29 age groups, plays a special role in increasing the number of families. Because the population mainly gets married at this age. In Kashkadarya region, the total number of births in 2019 was 62,292, of which 29,526 were girls and 32,766 were boys. The highest birth rates are among parents of the above age groups.
As of January 1, 2018, the average age of the population of Kashkadarya region is 27.2 for women, 26.2 for men, the total average age is 26.7, the average age of women in the urban population is 28.2, 27.2 for men., the total average age was 27.7 years, the average age of the rural population was 26.4
years for women, 25.5 years for men, and the average age of the total rural population was 26.0 years. According to the State Statistics Committee, the population of Kashkadarya region in 2010-2018 decreased by 9.4% in the 10-14 age group, and by 12.5% in the 15-19 age group.
These figures can also be seen in the gender composition of the population in these age groups. In other words, the number of women in the 1014 age group decreased by 9.6%, the number of men by 9.2%, and the number of men in the 15-19 age group by 12.9% and 12.1%, respectively. The main reasons for this are that during these years, not only men but also women among the active migrants in Kashkadarya region have moved to Russia, Kazakhstan, Turkey, the United Arab Emirates and other countries of the world as labor force or for permanent residence. Chibs also did not fail to show their negative impact on the formation of age and gender indicators in the yudor. As a result, the rapidly growing population has shrunk. In urban and rural areas, which are considered to be the most populated areas, it can be seen that in previous years there were more people aged 10-14 and 15-19 than in the period under study.
Table 2
Gender structure of the population of Kashkadarya region by age groups
2019 year
General Men's Woman's
№ Age groups 3213300 1670916 1542384
1 0-2 205651 104545 101106
2 3-5 202437 102012 100425
3 6-7 114714 57816 56898
4 8-15 468820 240732 288088
5 16-17 138586 69712 68874
6 18-19 142772 72912 69860
7 20-24 346701 180514 166191
8 25-29 305267 159112 146155
9 30-34 246112 129152 116960
10 35-39 218975 110773 108202
11 40-49 360220 185400 174820
12 50-59 250100 127100 123000
13 60-69 103154 53872 49282
14 70 and older 109794 56542 53252
Source: Kashkadarya regional statistics department.
If the proportion of young people in the population, ie in the age group of 20-29, is high, it will lead to the emergence of new families and an increase in the number of families. Analyzing the data of the Statistics Committee, the number of permanent population aged 20-29 in the following regions of the country increased from 6142.9 thousand in 2012 to 6280.8 thousand in 2017 or 2.2% over the past 6 years. During this period, the number of people aged 20-29 in the Republic of Karakalpakstan (5.3%), Bukhara (0.3%), Navoi (0.5%), Kashkadarya (3.0%), Tashkent regions (3.4%) and in Tashkent (10.2%). All this
has affected the migration of the republic to the world as a labor force, not only in Kashkadarya region, but also in neighboring regions. In this case, the above regions have become active participants in the migration process, which is in the final stages of demographic processes when it comes to the age of marriage and demographic processes (marriage, birth). Therefore, if we analyze by years, since 2015 in Kashkadarya region began to decrease the number of permanent residents aged 20-29 (in 2018 their number in the region decreased by 0.5% compared to 2015, and by 0.7% compared to 2016).
Table 3
Distribution of permanent population by cities and villages by regions (as of _January 1, 2020, per thousand people)_
Regions city village
Karshi c. 275,0 0
Shakhrisabz c. 139,3 0
districts:
Guzar 47,8 155,6
Dehkanabad 27,8 119,0
Kamashi 64,2 206,6
Karshi 90,5 156,8
Kasan 145,9 132,4
Kitab 96,7 162,5
Mirishkor 44,0 72,8
Mubarak 67,3 17,5
Nishan 90,2 58,4
Kasbi 73,8 117,9
Chirakchi 95,1 304,7
Shakhrisabz 52,4 165,9
Yakkabog 83,8 174,1
Source: Based on data from the Kashkac arya Regional Statistics
Department.
In Kashkadarya region, the share of the population living in rural areas is high due to the high population and gender. As of October 1, 2019, the total population of Kashkadarya region was 3261.4 thousand people, of which 1403.3 thousand people were urban residents and the remaining 1858.1 thousand people were rural residents. The population of Karshi is 275.0 thousand people as of 2020. There are currently 62 neighborhood assemblies across the city.
The population of Kashkadarya region is mainly Uzbeks (91.2%), but also Tajiks, Turkmens, Russians, Kazakhs, Ukrainians, Azerbaijanis, Koreans, Kyrgyz, Turks, Ukrainians, Belarusians and others. The average population density is 114.7 people per km2. The urban population is 1403.3 thousand people and the rural population is 1858.1 thousand people.
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