CC BY
19
ЭКОНОМИЧЕСКИЕ НАУКИ
FEATURES OF EFFECTIVE USEAGE OF INDUSTRIAL POTENTIAL IN KASHKADARYA REGION Mahmudov M.F.
Mahmudov Mirabbos Fazliddinovich - Researcher, TASHKENT STATE UNIVERSITY OF ECONOMICS, TASHKENT, REPUBLIC OF UZBEKISTAN
УДК 338.2
Formation of new regional centers in the form of globalization, large agglomerations, growth points and special economic zones leads to increased competition in attraction of investments, high-skilled workforce and promising infrastructure projects. Large regional centers account for 75% of global GDP, 58% of exports and 76% of investments. This, in turn, stimulates the competitiveness of other regions and countries, in particular, their effective utilization of their domestic economic potential and comparative advantages.
However, most of the aforementioned research is devoted to the issues of public-economic development and placement of productive forces directly in the regions, and the research topic chosen has not been studied as a separate research object. Moreover, in most of the studies conducted in the republic, relative superiority is devoted to the complex development of regions. This does not provide a comprehensive picture of the sustainable development of the industry and its efficient use of industry based on the current development conditions of the study area and does not ensure the achievement of the industry development goals in Kashkadarya region.
There was several researches in field of effectively usage of industry potential by scientists as well as Granberg A.G., Gadzhiev Yu.A., Dmitrieva O.G., Zubarevich N., Kazantsev S.V., Merenkova I.N., Nosov A.K., Panteleev A.P., Sepik D., Serebryakova L.A., Gulyamov S.S., Sadykov A.M., B. Ruzmetov, Akhmedov T.M., Nazarov Sh.H. [1-18], research works about textile development in Uzbekistan investigated by young economists as Hakimov Z. and Tursunov B. [17-22] . Due to the above considerations, the lack of attention paid to the problem and its controversial nature requires a new scientific approach to the issue under discussion and creates enormous opportunities for determining the relevance, purpose and range of issues to be solved.
The processing industry in the Kashkadarya Province has a low level of development, while on the one hand, the development and location of regions has not been balanced, and on the other hand, unilateral, non-diversified industrial production (cotton ginning, food and fuel industry specialization).
A number of negative factors, such as the fact that the regions are away from each other and away from the center, lack of infrastructure, lack of technical re-equipment and modernization of production, and depreciation of fixed assets, hinder the efficient use of existing natural resources and production capacities in the region. As a result, it is possible to observe the incomplete launch of production capacities, inadequate production of the population's demand for basic consumer goods, inadequate competitiveness of finished goods and non-export orientation.
Nevertheless, the region has a rich natural-economic potential and relative advantage in the development of industry, thereby achieving rapid industrial development of the region.
The development of Kashkadarya region's industry can be compared with comparative advantages in the following economies:
Г Large natural economic resources in the region that can be profoundly processed on the basis of modern technologies, distinguishing quality, in the production of fruit and vegetables, meat and dairy products;
Regional comparative advantages and raw materials base in the development of light industry, production of high-quality fine-grained cotton fiber in Kamashi, Mirshark, Chirakchi, Koson, Janinov, Yangi-Mirishkor, Yangi-Nishon, Pulati, Karshi, Availability of valuable raw material in the production of leather and leather raw materials and wool products in Chirakchi, Dehkanabad and Yakkabag districts) and availability of cheap labor force;
L Formation of experience and traditions in timber processing in Kasim, Kasan, Shahrisabz, Kamashi districts.
The comparative advantages, restrictive factors and other sources of socio-economic development of the regions were the basis for determining the strategic directions of the Kashkadarya region industry. These trends were selected based on existing factors and potential sources.
1. Development of the fuel and energy complex in the form of an industrial cluster based on oil in the region (Kamashi, Shakarbulak, Urtabulak zones) and gas fields (Mubarek, Shurtan, Uva, Pirnazar, Janinov, Aknazar regions);
2. Creation of a light industrial cluster in the areas of high-quality cotton fiber production, taking into account the leading role of the region in the country, in which there is a possibility of deep processing and production of finished goods with high added value (sewing and knitwear products) (Guzar and Shakhrisabz regions);
3. Development of construction materials industry on a cluster basis in the presence of mineral resources (cement raw materials, mortar, building blocks, bricks and sand gravel), which are the largest reserves in the area of Karaulykubin, Jovuz, Gumbulak;
4. Establishment of small industrial zones aimed at production of construction materials and consumer goods on the basis of low-powered, inefficient or lean manufacturing capacity, taking into account relatively low industrial potential of the region and lack of modern technologies;
5. Development of deep processing of fruits, vegetables, meat and dairy products to expand the range of import substituting foodstuffs due to domestic capacity. To create the necessary conditions for the storage of raw materials and finished goods throughout the year;
6. Establishing a special information database, involving them in various industries, including the use of available human resources in rural areas, including rational use of the available workforce in the region, to collect data on skilled and experienced professionals in the region;
7. The use of internal financial resources, in particular enterprises and the population, commercial bank loans, remittances from migrants to form and operate productive capital in industry;
8. Marketing on a modern basis to timely identify internal and external demand for industrial products and so on.
Based on the above, the industrial strategy of the region is based on the following: growth in the form of high technology and industrial clusters, the development of regional processing of domestic raw materials, the creation of small industrial zones in the region, their service, home-based and handicraft industrial production entities.
Thus, it is desirable to estimate "potential growth points for industrial production" in the regions of the region, based on the assessment of potential and comparative advantages inherent to the Kashkadarya region, analysis of development trends, and perspective development sources.
Today, industrial zones have been established in 3 regions - Karshi, Shakhrisabz and Nishan districts - on an area of 6.8 hectares. Approximately 30 production entities have been selected on a competitive basis in these regions. They have already been supplying various consumer goods to the domestic market.
There are 12 business entities operating in the small industrial zone built on the empty land lot of the former Keramzit plant in Karshi. Production areas within the industrial zone
are given to long-term lease without the use of the relevant coefficients, based on the type of activity carried out on the leased area at the rental rate of the state for the use of real estate.
However, there is still not much experience in establishing small industrial zones in the region, and as a result some of the specific problems occur in places. Based on this, the following are recommended stages and procedures for establishing small industrial zones (Figure 3.7).
In the region, the business environment is not sufficiently developed to increase investment activity. While there are a large number of hotels and other service companies in the region, most of them are in urban areas and there are still fewer staffers. Within the framework of the Regional Investment Program financial institutions are slowly implementing the projects.
In order to implement investment projects for the development of the real sector of the economy, the activity of commercial banks is reflected in the accumulation of free funds of the population and enterprises. Due to the identified problems, the main goal of the investment policy of Kashkadarya region is to consider the issues of wide use of domestic investment resources and attraction of direct foreign investments in the development of regional economy.
To achieve this goal you need to:
- demonstration of the attractiveness of the Kashkadarya region in domestic and foreign markets for the purpose of accelerating the development of industrial potential and attraction of investments into the sector;
- attracting financial resources, new technologies to specific investment projects, which are of great importance for the development of the regional economy, taking into account the natural and economic potential in the regions intended for placement of industrial enterprises in the future;
- Enhancing the confidence of entrepreneurs in local authorities in solving the existing problems and developing the business environment, establishing multifaceted partnership with private businesses and enhancing control over compliance by law enforcement agencies;
- introduction of beneficial forms of population savings for efficient use of existing financial and other investment resources available to businesses and population;
- attracting foreign investors to finance the prospective investment projects and attracting new foreign investors.
Increasing the investment attractiveness of the region in the implementation of these priorities is an important issue. In this regard, local authorities, business community representatives and other stakeholder organizations and individuals in the region should develop measures to reduce investment risk and to continue to improve capacities. The main thing to do is to find the investment attractiveness of the sector and the search for new investment projects.
As a result of the research, the following conclusions were developed:
1. Many studies indicate that industrial growth is a major force for economic growth, and this opinion in many of the studies is explained by the high probability of using a new combination of innovation and knowledge in industry relative to other sectors of the economy. This leads to labor productivity and production growth, resulting in economic growth. The dynamics of the industrial sector also have a significant impact on the development of other industries and sectors. In particular, the development of industry's food and light industry sectors will stimulate the development of agriculture, forestry and fisheries. The development of the processing industry also has a strong impact on the development of services.
2. The statistical analysis shows that the share of Kashkadarya region in the republic's industry was 9.4% in the city of Tashkent (19.4% in the republican industry), Tashkent (14.8%), Andijan (10.1%) and Navoi province (9.5) Occupies 5th place with 0 percent. However, while the share of Kashkadarya region in the industry belongs to the 5th place,
however, the share of "industry in gross regional product" occupies the second place after Navoi region. Also, labor productivity in the Kashkadarya region industry is characterized by a high rate of performance.
3. The analysis shows that the share of raw materials in the industrial production of the Kashkadarya region, which has a large industrial production capacity, remains relatively high. Therefore, the development of the processing industry in the region and their effective deployment in the provinces, as well as the development of industry only on the basis of the growth of the gross regional product, can lead to a unilateral approach to determining the future direction of the region, the forecast value of added value, which should be created not in the region, is considered as methodical.
4. The regional industrial program, which is to be developed in the Kashkadarya region, is desirable:
- rational use of existing resources and resources that are not available in the region and rich in raw materials and resources;
- Ensuring the development of networks in close contact with the region;
- organization of production of existing industrial enterprises in full use, in empty buildings and structures;
- production of high-tech products with high added value through diversification of production and deep processing of existing raw materials;
- increasing employment of the population through creation of new jobs.
References
1. Granberg A.G. Basics of the regional economy. M.: State University Higher School of Economics, 2003. 52 p.
2. Gadzhiev YuA. Foreign New Theories of Regional Growth and Development // "Corporate Governance and Innovative Development of the North". Bulletin of the Syktyvkar State University, 2008. № 2.
3. Dmitrieva O.G. Regional economic diagnostics. SPb .: Publishing House of St. Petersburg. University of Economics and Finance, 1992.;
4. Zubarevich N. Regional Development and Institutions // Expert Portal of the Higher School of Economics "Open Economy" OPEC.ru.
5. Kazantsev S.V. The economic potential of the regions of Russia as the basis of their internal competitiveness // Region, 2004. № 1.
6. Merenkova I.N. Diagnostics of the level of development of rural areas // "Regional Economics: Theory and Practice", 2010. № 24.
7. Nosov A.K. Relationship management in a regional cluster structure linked by a supply chain // "Logistics and supply chain management", 2009. № 6.
8. Panteleev A.P. The use of indicators of sustainable development at the regional and municipal levels // "Regional economy: theory and practice", 2010. № 22.
9. Sepik D. Indicators of competitiveness of regions: the European approach // "Region: economics and sociology", 2005. № 2.
10. Serebryakova L.A. Methods for assessing the level of socio-economic development of regions // Vestnik NCTU, a series of "Economics", 2003. № 3.
11. Gulyamov S.S. Modeling the socio-economic development of territorial-industrial complexes. T: Fan, 1980. 194 s.
12. Sadykov A.M. Fundamentals of regional development: theory, methodology, practice // Monograph. T: IQTISOD - MOLIYA, 2005. 280 pp.
13. Ruzmetov B. Complex development of the region in the context of deepening economic reforms. Author. dis ... doc econ sciences. Tashkent, 1998.
14. Akhmedov T.M. Regulation of the territorial organization of the productive forces and the integrated development of the regions of Uzbekistan. T: FAN, 1992.
15. Nazarov Sh.H. Improvement of methodological bases of increasing competitiveness of regions of Uzbekistan. Doctoral dissertation autobiography. T., 2016. 5 p.
16. Ibragimov I.U., Tursunov B.O. Enhancement the mechanism of analyzing of the methodological principles for the development and improvement of methods of assessment. Аудит, 2017. № 4. С. 11-13.
17. Турсунов Б.О. Основные направления поддержки малого бизнеса в Узбекистане и зарубежный опыт развития предпринимательства. Аудит, 2017. № 6. С. 34-38.
18. Турсунов Б.О. Теоретические аспекты производственной мощности текстильных предприятий в современных условиях. Научно-аналитический журнал Наука и практика Российского экономического университета им. Г.В. Плеханова, 2017. № 4 (28). С. 57-68.
19. Tursunov B.O. Рrinciples and functions of management of production capacity. Вопросы управления, 2017. № 3 (46). С. 174-178.
20. Турсунов Б.О. Управление производственными запасами в текстильных предприятиях. Научная мысль, 2017. Т. 1. № 3 (25). С. 117-125.
21. Tursunov B. Features of the method of calculation of production capacities of the textile enterprises. Бюллетень науки и практики, 2017. № 10 (23). С. 213-222.
22. Tursunov B. Ways of increasing the efficiency of usage the production capacity of textile enterprises. Бюллетень науки и практики, 2017. № 8 (21). С. 232-242.
