35ACADEMIC RESEARCH IN EDUCATIONAL SCIENCES VOLUME 2 | ISSUE 8 | 2021
ISSN: 2181-1385
Scientific Journal Impact Factor (SJIF) 2021: 5.723 Directory Indexing of International Research Journals-CiteFactor 2020-21: 0.89
DOI: 10.24412/2181-1385-2021-8-239-243
SOME FACTORS WHICH INFLUENCE THE PRESENSE OF IDIOMATIC EXPRESSIONS OF THE ENGLISH LANGUAGE
Sabo Murodovna Akhmadaliyeva
Kukan State Pedagogical Institute Teacher of English Language and Literature [email protected]
ABSTRACT
In the article, the importance of learning idioms as means of getting to know the national mentality is under consideration. It is underlined and analyzed that the factors influencing the origin of idioms proves the necessity of studying them to understand completely the representatives of other cultures
Keywords and expressions: Intercultural communication, idiomatic expressions, linguistic units, nature of idioms, humanitarian.
Having stepped on the threshold of the XXI century with its dynamic processes in the spheres of science, politics, economics, trade, the need for communication and cooperation between countries and people has increased as representatives of different national mentalities, speaking different languages and having different cultural traditions. A person should be able to coexist in a common living world, which means being able to build a mutually beneficial dialogue with all subjects of this common living space, be able to build humanitarian intercultural bridges between representatives of different faiths, cultures and countries. An important role in this is played by language. Hence, the reorientation of linguodidactic and methodological research towards the problems of intercultural communication is obvious. Intercultural communication is a set of specific interaction processes of communication partners belonging to different linguae-ethno-cultural communities. Communication in intercultural situations, even if its participants possess a common language code, are always inherent in conflicts between knowledge and ignorance, between a stranger and one's own. Language learners should be acquainted with linguistic units that most vividly reflect the national characteristics of the national mentality of the people - the native speaker and the environment of its existence, but not forgetting about the existence of their own. To understand a different mentality and accept other cultures, that is, to be tolerant, since tolerance is patience, tolerance, understanding of the
ACADEMIC RESEARCH IN EDUCATIONAL SCIENCES VOLUME 2 | ISSUE 8 | 2021
ISSN: 2181-1385
Scientific Journal Impact Factor (SJIF) 2021: 5.723 Directory Indexing of International Research Journals-CiteFactor 2020-21: 0.89
DOI: 10.24412/2181-1385-2021-8-239-243
feelings of other people, friendliness, calmness, adequate perception, that is, the guarantee of successful business cooperation.
This aspect is especially clearly and vividly represented by stable expressions, phraseological units, idioms, proverbs and sayings - that is, that layer of the language in which folk wisdom is directly concentrated, namely the results of the cultural experience of the people, its mentality.
They reflect ideas related to work, life and culture of the individuals. They fully reveal the national specificity of the language, its originality and freshness. The main purpose of idioms is to give speech special expressiveness, unique originality, accuracy and imagery, which is a guarantee of understanding the national mentality. For this, researchers have identified the factors that most strongly affect the nature of idioms. These factors can be conditionally divided into two groups:
External factors - the geographic location of the country, its relations with neighboring countries, climatic conditions, etc .;
Internal factors - features of everyday life and economic development, religion, traditions, customs, etc. 1. External factors: Geographical position
It is a well-known fact that the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland is islands. Therefore, idioms such as: (It's a) Small World!
Meaning: It is surprising to encounter connections with familiar people in unexpected places.
Example: When I went all the way to Kokand, and I met someone from my hometown. Small world! Across The Pond
Meaning: On the other side of the Atlantic Ocean or to the other side of the Atlantic Ocean.
Example: Across the pond, you will find that the English language changes quite
a bit!
Note: It is generally related to the UK and the USA. Relations
Speaking about the history of Great Britain, it is interesting to note that in the English language there are phraseological units that represent the Dutch in a rather unpleasant light. This can be explained by the fact that over the centuries England competed with Holland for the title of the first maritime power in the world. This kind
ACADEMIC RESEARCH IN EDUCATIONAL SCIENCES VOLUME 2 | ISSUE 8 | 2021
ISSN: 2181-1385
Scientific Journal Impact Factor (SJIF) 2021: 5.723 Directory Indexing of International Research Journals-CiteFactor 2020-21: 0.89
DOI: 10.24412/2181-1385-2021-8-239-243
of confrontation between the two states found a response in English phraseology. It got to the point that in the XVII century, the word 'Dutch' ('Dutch') in England acquired the meaning 'foreign' (in the sense of 'incomprehensible', 'unusual'). Below are examples of English phraseological units with the keyword 'Dutch' ('Dutch'): Dutch bargain - 'drunk deal';
Dutch courage - 'the courage of a drunk'; Dutch treat - 'a joint treat'; in D utch -'in trouble'; to talk like Dutch uncle - 'read morals (literally' speak like a Dutch uncle '').
It is all Greek to me - we use this expression when we cannot understand something when we read or hear
"I freshly read this book on Physics. Did you realize it, because it was all Greek to me".
Go Dutch - we go Dutch when we go out, go to a restaurant and when we share the bill.
"Guli does not like her masculine buddy to offer her dinner. She always desires to go Dutch".
Talk for England - If person can talk for hours and hours we can use this expression to give some exaggerations
"Can I come in? I ask for your to forgive me for my being late. It was difficult to get away from Storm in a teacup
Many variations of this idiom can be found in different materials .Here are some of them, 'tempest in a teapot' (frequently used in American English) and the supposed original, 'tempest in a ladle', coined by the Roman statesman Cicero. All these expressions discuss a small problem or event, which has been blown out of proportion. Climatic conditions
It is clear to everybody that without hesitation, the climate has a great impact on the mentality of the individuals and, accordingly, it is directly reflected in informal or idiomatic speech, to which idiomatic expressions belong. Everybody knows that the climate of Great Britain is characterized by cloudy weather. In addition, this explains the large number of English idioms go with the rain keyword: Raining cats and dogs
It is common and popular or quintessentially British phrase which has been around since the 17th century and its origin still remains a mystery, though there are several reasonable concepts. When it is raining extraordinarily hard, we use this idiom to describe the weather To be snowed under
ACADEMIC RESEARCH IN EDUCATIONAL SCIENCES VOLUME 2 | ISSUE 8 | 2021
ISSN: 2181-1385
Scientific Journal Impact Factor (SJIF) 2021: 5.723 Directory Indexing of International Research Journals-CiteFactor 2020-21: 0.89
DOI: 10.24412/2181-1385-2021-8-239-243
When you have so much to do that you are overwhelmed you can use 'To be snowed under':- I would love to meet with my friends for dinner but I'm completely snowed under.
Internal factors
Religion
People live and have belief. Like every nation, the British are also very
thoughtful to religion. At the time, it causes the presence or developing a large number of idiomatic expressions in the English language, the keywords in which are God ('God') and devil ('devil'). Here are some examples of proverbs:
Lord helps those who help themselves - "Trust in God, but don't do it yourself";
Man proposes but God disposes - "Man proposes, but God disposes";
Like priest, like people - "As the priest is, so is the parish";
Economic
It is known that historically, London was a commercial center, the capital of Great Britain and it is still one of the world's largest economical centers. London is home to the world's major stock exchange. This is another explanation for the presence in the English language of many phraseological units, proverbs and sayings with the keyword money ('money') and on the different topics of investment in general:
I have not a penny to his path (literally "I do not count a penny") - "Goal like a falcon";
Time is money - "Time is money";
Customs
Different customs different traditions. English etiquette is has its place in the world etiquette. Below are the idioms that stress precisely the nationwide attitude of the British to etiquette:
That is save face - 'to keep admiration or self-respect';
The fat is in the fire - 'something terrible and dreadful happened that offended someone';
Then keep one's nose clean - 'to behave';
That is take the high road - 'to be polite';
Communicating with each other, especially along with idioms, the British practice one of the most extensive ways to avoid sharp corners .They avoid using of various kinds of assumptions and hints, "assumptions" and "semitones" in communication. This unique phenomenon of polite communication, known as presupposition, which is considered to be one of the key points, without which it is unmanageable to fully realize the essence of the national character. In different situations, different
ACADEMIC RESEARCH IN EDUCATIONAL SCIENCES VOLUME 2 | ISSUE 8 | 2021
ISSN: 2181-1385
Scientific Journal Impact Factor (SJIF) 2021: 5.723 Directory Indexing of International Research Journals-CiteFactor 2020-21: 0.89
DOI: 10.24412/2181-1385-2021-8-239-243
approaches may be needed. However, the personality of the listener has the main role .Because the listener in different situations must feel a part of the culture in the language of which the speech comes or translated, must be surrounded in it, must make the only probable and at the same time exclusive version of the understanding. All in all to practice this, first of all the interpretation needs to integrate into his thinking, the vast body of realities of foreign culture, and to present other people 's thoughts as obviously and freshly as they were conveyed or expressed while fulfilling all the power and wealth of the different factors which influence on intercultural relationship ..
REFERENCES
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2. Concise dictionary of modern English idioms / V.A. Kabulianskiy, K.G. Savelyeva. M: Astrel: AST: the Keeper, 2007.
3. Litvinov P.P. 100 English nouns. 1000 idioms. The key to memory: textbook. / P.P. Litvinov. M.: Astrel: AST: Transitkniga, 2006.
4. Рахматуллаев Ш. Узбек тилининг изошли фразеологик лугати. Т., 1978.
