CC BY
3
Лисовская Т.И.
студент Басс А. Б., научный руководитель, доцент департамент «Финансовые рынки и банки» Финансовый университет при Правительстве РФ
Россия, г.Москва ПЕРСПЕКТИВЫ СОВЕРШЕНСТВОВАНИЯ РАСЧЕТОВ В СИСТЕМАХ ЭЛЕКТРОННЫХ ПЛАТЕЖЕЙ В РОССИИ
Данная работа посвящена исследованию расчетов в системах электронных платежей в Российской Федерации и выявлению основных направлений их совершенствования.
Ключевые слова: электронные деньги, электронные платежные системы, электронные средства платежа, риски платежных систем, инновационные продукты, оптимизация способов продвижения продуктов и услуг.
Lysovskaya T.I., student Financial University under the Government of Russian Federation,
Moscow Scientific supervisor: Bass A.B., PhD in Economics, Associate Professor, Department "Financial Markets and Banks", Financial University under the Government of Russian Federation,
Moscow
PROSPECTS FOR IMPROVEMENT OF SYSTEMS OF ELECTRONIC PAYMENTS IN RUSSIA
This work is devoted to study of calculations in systems of electronic payments in the Russian Federation and identifying main areas of improvement.
Key words: electronic money, electronic payment systems, electronic means of payment, risks, payment systems, innovative products, optimization of the ways of promoting products and services.
Having a relatively short history of its development (since the early 90-ies of the last century), electronic money and payment systems that support their use, have undergone substantial change - both in the geography and breadth of proliferation, and in the process, product, service, information plans.
Electronic money are competitive, affordable, quick and reliable payment instrument with a high degree of flexibility and adaptability, which makes it necessary of their use and development in pursuit of common goals and objectives development of the national payment system. [1]
The main features of the operation of the electronic money are: pre-depositing of funds to the account of the operator; money transfers without opening an account; "transit" status, in which funds are entered between the client and the execution of the transfer; the use of electronic transfer of money.
The economic content of the activities of the payment system e-money is the implementation of electronic transfer of funds without opening Bank accounts with observance of all norms (including rights and limitations) of the Russian legislation. In this case, the tool and / or method of implementation of transactions with electronic money are electronic means of payment.
Leaders of the market of electronic money is electronic payment system Yandex.Money, QIWI and PayPal, which carry out settlements through credit institutions formed in accordance with the Russian legislation. and forming part of the second level of the banking system of the Russian Federation. [ 2]
The role of electronic money in the development of cashless payments, the national payment system is difficult to overestimate. They have long ceased to be a payment "exotic" and today are one of the most popular ways of payments through the Internet, as well as a convenient tool for effecting various payments.
Electronic payment systems are a necessary base infrastructure for making payments in electronic money. It is through them, through the development and promotion of relevant products and services, the development of electronic money: expanding the number of participants, the number and volume of operations, improving the technological base.
Along with this, there are a number of risks of functioning of these systems. The main risks of electronic payment systems are: design (including credit and liquidity), operational, legal and other risks. For each risk, the operator of electronic money developed special methods of management, and unified management process includes identification, assessment, monitoring, control, and development decision risk reduction.
The main reasons, in our view, inhibiting the development of electronic money include the following:
- the complexity and contradictions of legal regulation of the main concepts related to the circulation of electronic money; issues related to identification of customers, responding to fraudulent activity, etc.;
- fraudulent activity and unauthorized access;
- a considerable fee for the proposed services;
- low level of financial literacy of the population and, as a result, insufficient use of modern methods and forms of payment.
Prospects for the development of electronic money market, preeminently associated with the following activities electronic payment systems and operators on money transfer (electronic funds): [3]
- the choice of the organizational model and building an effective system of risk management; the use of modern methods and tools of management; consistent implementation of the necessary management steps taking into account the best Russian and international practices; [4]
- build an integrated security system the electronic payment system comprising the following elements: infrastructure security, security compliance, analytical anti-fraud system, round-the-clock user support; implementation of operations with the use of 3-D secure technology; strategic partnerships with
hosting providers, manufacturers of anti-virus, domain registrars and search engines in order to instant block harmful resources.
- development of innovative products: cards with contactless payment technology and virtual cards linked to e-wallets, cards and other products with the payment system "World";
- improvement of loyalty programs for customers - bonus "cashback";
- optimization of methods of promoting products and services using direct mail and telemarketing, websites, payment systems, Internet banking and mobile banking partner banks, social networks. It is also necessary to use the classical instruments of advertising and PR.
It should be noted that the development of electronic money systems in the Russian Federation is a dynamic process, the value of which is increasing every year. It is likely that in the coming years the domestic market of payment through electronic money will develop under the impact of the new economic realities, new regulations, new technologies and payment instruments.
It is obvious that the solution of problems of effective development of payments by electronic money in our country is possible only in an integrated manner, taking into account international best practices, technological developments and innovations, adapted to the Russian specifics. Only the implementation of these conditions will be successfully resolved the problem of constructing an effective system of settlement of electronic money needed for our economy and its citizens.
Использованные источники:
1. Финансы, деньги и кредит: учебник и практикум для академического бакалавриата под ред. Буракова Д.В. - М:Юрайт. - 2016. - 329 с.
2. Басс А.Б., Бураков Д.В., Удалищев Д.П. Тенденция развития банковской системы России: монография. М.: Русайнс. - 2015. - 216 с;
3. Бураков Д.В. Финансово-инвестиционные процессы в российской экономике: монография под ред. Толстолесовой Л.А. - 2014. Н.:Сибак. - 160 с.
4. Муссель К.М. Платежные технологии, системы и инструменты / К.М.Муссель. - М.: КноРус, ЦИПСиР, 2015. - 288 с.
Логинов А. В. бакалавр
кафедра робототехники и автоматизации производственных систем Санкт-Петербургский государственный электротехнический университет «ЛЭТИ» им. В. И. Ульянова (Ленина) АВТОМАТИЗАЦИЯ ПОТРЕБЛЕНИЯ ТЕПЛОВОЙ ЭНЕРГИИ
Аннотация: Системы теплоснабжения являются крупнейшим потребителем топливно-энергетических ресурсов нашей страны. От нормального функционирования данных систем зависят множество факторов, таких как: комфортное проживание людей в жилых домах,
