CC BY
1
повышение компетентности исполнителей и обеспечение их социально и экономически комфортного, обоснованного взаимодействия в рамках совместной деятельности. Такая совместимость автоматически предполагает синхронизацию усилий, эффективное планирование, что, как указывалось выше, способствует снижению уровня риска потерь оперативного времени из-за нецелесообразного совмещения множества задач. Таким образом, представленные предложения комплексно снижают риск потерь оперативного времени с возможностью автоматизации процесса управления.
Рыбина Ю.М. студент Басс А. Б., научный руководитель, доцент департамент «Финансовые рынки и банки» Финансовый университет при Правительстве РФ
Россия, г. Москва
РАЗВИТИЕ БЕЗНАЛИЧНЫХ ПЛАТЕЖЕЙ НАСЕЛЕНИЯ В РОССИЙСКОЙ ФЕДЕРАЦИИ
В данной статье рассматриваются основные характеристики сложившейся системы безналичных платежей населения в России, даются предложения по развитию безналичных платежей населения.
Ключевые слова: безналичные платежи населения, банковские карты, платежные документы, оборот безналичных средств, национальная платежная система, коммерческие банки, электронные деньги, розничные платежи.
Rybina J.M., student
Financial University under the Government of Russian Federation,
Moscow Scientific supervisor: Bass A.B., PhD in Economics, Associate Professor, Department "Financial Markets and Banks", Financial University under the Government of Russian Federation,
Moscow
DEVELOPMENT OF CASHLESS PAYMENTS IN THE RUSSIAN
FEDERATION
This article discusses main characteristics of the existing system of cashless payments in Russia, proposals for development of cashless payments are pointed out.
Key words: cashless payments, banking cards, payment documents, turnover, monetary policy, national payment system, commercial banks, electronic money and retail payments.
At the present stage a number of problems characterizes the situation in the field of cashless retail payments: mistrust of the population, mainly people of
retirement age to modern payment instruments; low level of financial literacy of the population; inadequate infrastructure in rural areas with low quality of communication channels and a number of other problems. [1]
Non-cash payments of the population in modern conditions applicable to retail operations with a simpler formation of payment documents and transfer them to banks. Dramatically reduced time and labor banks on cashless payments and the increased level of work with the population.
The increase in non-cash turnover of the population in the national economy leads to a decrease in the costs of issue and service of money to the transparency of economic relations, growth of tax payments, reduction of shadow turnover, growth in consumer trade. Non-cash payments of the population contribute to the concentration of cash resources in banks. [2]
Along with this, we can assume that Russia to date is at the initial stage of expansion of cashless payments of the population. There are a number of problems in using this type of calculations, which are factors limiting the growth of cashless payments. Among these factors are the following:
• 92% of cardholders have payroll cards, open at the initiative of employers;
• habit of citizens to pay in cash;
• a limited number of shops and organizations, equipped with terminals for payment by non-cash;
• the increase in crime in the area of Bank cards;
• Bank cards have to periodically change, because their time is limited, it is usually 3 years;
• possession of non-cash money has a certain cost expressed in the commissions for transactions and also in the annual or monthly fee for using the card.
Another factor hindering the development of the payment system is the weak presence of national payment systems on the Russian market. Russian national payment system is still not functioning fully. [3]
More than 90% of Bank cards in Russia are linked to international payment systems with a highly developed infrastructure of reception cards, mainly Visa and MasterCard, predetermining the dependence of the domestic banking system. The national system of control only 5% of the market. These include such systems as Zolotaya Korona, STB Card, Union Card, RPS Sbercard". Competition and technological features of the functioning of these systems hindered their integration in the short term, which in General, is a deterrent to the development of the Russian payment systems. [4]
The process of stimulating the development of cashless retail payments of the population should contain, in our view, two successive stages:
1. Promoting the formation of infrastructure in retail non-cash payments, increasing their use and safety, which includes:
- improving the supply of trade devices for purchases on payment cards (POS
terminals);
- increase payment security through the use of electronic money, payment cards, Internet banking, mobile payments;
- create tax preferences for bonus card holders who use them to pay for goods and services;
- the use of payment cards by state authorities and budget organizations for the implementation of the procurement;
- encourage the payment of municipal tax payments by using payment cards;
- reduced rates on traditional Bank credit transactions of individuals;
- encourage the use of credit cards in retail lending;
- raising the General level of financial and technical literacy of consumers. 2. Promote the use of cashless payments on the basis of administrative
measures including:
- a gradual introduction of restrictions on cash payments for certain transactions and large payments (sale and purchase of real estate, cars, etc.);
- installation of POS-terminals in retail outlets with a high volume of sales or turnover.
Advantages of e-money the development of this type of settlement was obvious, but a complete rejection of cash in the coming years is impossible, for good reasons. Along with the high costs incurred in creating payment systems comes the evolution of forms of electronic money circulation. [5]
In general, the development of cashless payments and in General e-money can be assessed as an important element in the evolution of the monetary-settlement relations in Russia. In the next phase of development is expected competition between the existing systems of electronic payments, resulting in the need to increase the level and quality of e-cash payments.
Использованные источники:
1. Финансы, деньги и кредит: учебник и практикум для академического бакалавриата под ред. Буракова Д.В. - М:Юрайт. - 2016. - 329 с.
2. Басс А.Б., Бураков Д.В., Удалищев Д.П. Тенденция развития банковской системы России: монография. М.: Русайнс. - 2015. - 216 с.
3. Басс А.Б. Современные проблемы качества кредитного портфеля /А.Б. Басс/ Инновационная наука. - 2016. - №4-1. - с. 42-46.
4. Лабусов М. В. Тенденции развития безналичных расчетов в Российской Федерации // Молодой ученый. - 2015. - №24. - С. 489-494.
5. Бураков Д.В. Крах теории денежного рынка. Эмпирические аномалии и теоретические иллюзии /Д.В. Бураков// Вестник Института экономики РАН. - 2016. - № 1. - с. 29-47.
