CC BY
10
UDC 796.89
DOI: 10.14526/2070-4798-2022-17-3-10-15
Pedagogical model of training classic exercise "Kettlebell jerk"
Evgeniy A. Pronin'*, Aleksandr S. Fadeev2, Igor I. Vorkozhokov2, Vladimir I. Drozdov2
1Peter the Great Saint-Petersburg Polytechnic University St. Petersburg, Russia ORCID: 0000-0001-8439-1448, rabotnik2809@yandex.ru* 2Mikhailovsk Military Artillery Academy St. Petersburg, Russia ORCID: 0000-0003-3375-4581, rodger34@yandex.ru ORCID: 0000-0001-8465-1376, hjpper45@yandex.ru ORCID: 0000-0004-2925-2063, drozd1956@yandex.ru
Abstract: Since ancient times the exercises with kettlebells were one of physical development means among people. Kettlebell lifting is a cyclic strength involving kind of sport. A person should lift kettlebells as many times as it's possible within strictly defined time period in a standing position. There are the following competitions in kettlebell lifting: classical double-event, long cycle jerk, army kettlebell jerk, kettlebell juggling. We studied "Kettlebell jerk" exercise from classical double-event. Materials. The article considers the results of the research works by native and foreign authors, survey among the respondents concerning the basis of the technique of "Kettlebell jerk" classic exercise. Research methods. Information sources analysis and summarizing, survey among the respondents, pedagogical experiment, methods of mathematical statistics. Results. We created a pedagogical model of training classic exercise "Kettlebell jerk", the important components of which include the following: the parts of the exercise fulfillment, the phases of the exercise fulfillment, the elements of the exercise fulfillment. We revealed the main technical elements of training classic exercise "Kettlebell jerk". The organized pedagogical experiment showed the effectiveness of created by the authors pedagogical model: the respondents from the experimental group demonstrated 5-7% better results, than the respondents from the control group. Conclusion. We stated that for the coaches and athletes it was reasonable to use the created by us pedagogical model of training classic exercise "Kettlebell jerk" in the training process while preparing individual training tasks. The results of the pedagogical experiment showed that the created by us pedagogical model is not suitable for every athlete-weightlifter. The coaches should take into account physical abilities and somatotype of the athletes. Scientific novelty of the research is in creation of the pedagogical model of training classic exercise "Kettlebell jerk". Practical value is in the pedagogical model of training classic exercise "Kettlebell jerk" introduction into the training process of athletes-weightlifters.
Keywords: swimmers, divers, physical development indices increases, body weight content.
For citation: Evgeniy A. Pronin, Aleksandr S. Fadeev, Igor I. Vorkozhokov, Vladimir I. Drozdov. Pedagogical model of training classic exercise "Kettlebell jerk". Russian Journal of Physical Education and Sport. 2022; 17(3): 8-14. DOI: 10.14526/2070-4798-2022-17-3-10-15.
Introduction
Since ancient times the exercises with kettlebells were one of physical development means of among people. Kettlebell lifting is a cyclic strength involving kind of sport. A person should lift kettlebells as many times as it's possible within strictly defined time period in a standing position. There are the following competitions in kettlebell lifting: classical double-event, long cycle jerk, army kettlebell jerk, kettlebell juggling. We studied "Kettlebell jerk" exercise from classical double-event.
Classic exercise "Kettlebell jerk" is a repeated speed-strength oriented action. The exercise is not difficult, but it demands high technical and physical readiness of athletes-weightlifters.
Materials and methods
In kettlebell lifting, in particular during classic exercise "Kettlebell jerk" fulfillment, it is important to pay attention to technical training and physical readiness of an athlete.
During scientific-methodical sources, the research works by native and foreign authors, survey among the respondents analysis we managed to solve the problem concerning the topic of the research. It means that the classic exercise "Kettlebell jerk" demands technical mindsets [Bolotin, 2022, p.157].
We created the pedagogical model of training classic exercise "Kettlebell jerk" (Fig.).
Speaking about the technique of jerk
development, we can state that the quickness of its fulfillment would be increased, more correct sequence of the muscle inclusion into work would be found. It should provide more complete realization of strength oriented abilities of an athlete-weightlifter [Davidenko, 2021, p.54-59].
itfihe
mml;
Gtiiirç
up
Uförf
JMII ArtlH
«lug
Fig. Pedagogical model of training classic exercise "Kettlebell jerk"
Results and discussion
Classic exercise "Kettlebell jerk" includes three interconnected parts:
- start;
- uprise till squat;
- squat-rising.
Start is the main motor objective during maximal amount of jerk fulfillment within the definite time period [Kraft, 2020, p.306-308]. In this connection at the start physical abilities of an athlete should be maximal.
Start in a kettlebell jerk is divided into two phases:
- preliminary;
- dynamic.
The position of the separate parts of the body in a dynamic start change, the same as in classic kettlebell
jerk, is caused by the necessity to balance the system an athlete-kettlebell relating to legs.
A squat during the kettlebell jerk fulfillment is necessary to realize precisely, quickly, confidently. A squat can be fulfilled in a different way: with the feet placing and without it - with unfolded toes [Pronin, 2022, p.331-335].
It is more favorable to fulfill the squat without the feet placing, because it is fulfilled quicker and it helps to use the lifting power of a hand, leg and a body. However, such kind of a squat can be successfully fulfilled only if a person has very flexible joints [Pronin, 2022, p.312-315].
Kettlebell jerk starts with an energetic kettlebell second pull. A kettlebell should move in accordance with pendulum effect. The rhythm of the exercise fulfillment
should be three-stroke. During the first stroke the first phase is fulfilled - pull, during the second stroke- second pull, swing, jump under the weight, the third stroke- rising from the squat, fixation. The second pull is the most stressed phase [Pronin, 2022, p. 26-30].
During the research we organized the pedagogical experiment. The first and the second kettlebell lifting teams of Mikhailovsk Military Artillery Academy (Saint-Petersburg) took part in the experiment. During the pedagogical experiment we stated that the model of training classic exercise "Kettlebell
jerk" introduction into the training process helps athletes-weightlifters to increase their sport result. Tables 1,2, present the results of the experiment.
Still
Kcllkbcll JctL
RJtti
Ptf lint! Iff)' slflfl
Dyiuuiik Mart
lphisc
Puns
Ptrn
ItlCDTWlfc
Gtuirç
1lp ÛC
tbofool
Pttfaed Gelling
vp
+
fïeiHsri «xKfcki
i
Siuijjhi ScmijjhL
Citing H.T11 11 Lr
jatir IttBdi,
w
Fixing
Ll№n|
Fig. Pedagogical model of training classic exercise "Kettlebell jerk"
Results and discussion
Classic exercise "Kettlebell jerk" includes three interconnected parts:
- start;
- uprise till squat;
- squat-rising.
Start is the main motor objective during maximal amount of jerk fulfillment within the definite time period [Kraft, 2020, p.306-308]. In this connection at the start physical abilities of an athlete should be maximal.
Start in a kettlebell jerk is divided into two
phases:
- preliminary;
- dynamic.
The position of the separate parts of the body in a dynamic start change, the same as in classic kettlebell jerk, is caused by the necessity to balance the system an athlete-kettlebell relating to legs.
A squat during the kettlebell jerk fulfillment is necessary to realize precisely, quickly, confidently. A squat can be fulfilled in a different way: with the feet placing and without it - with unfolded toes [Pronin, 2022, p.331-335].
It is more favorable to fulfill the squat without the feet placing, because it is fulfilled quicker and it helps to use the lifting power of a hand, leg and a body. However, such kind of a squat can be successfully fulfilled only if a person has very flexible joints [Pronin, 2022, p.312-315].
Kettlebell jerk starts with an energetic kettlebell second pull. A kettlebell should move in accordance with pendulum effect. The rhythm of the exercise fulfillment should be three-stroke. During the first stroke the first phase is fulfilled - pull, during the second stroke- second pull, swing, jump under the weight, the third stroke- rising from the squat,
fixation. The second pull is the most stressed phase [Pronin, 2022, p. 26-30].
During the research we organized the pedagogical experiment. The first and the second kettlebell lifting teams of Mikhailovsk Military Artillery Academy (Saint-Petersburg) took part in the experiment. During the pedagogical experiment we stated that the model of training classic exercise "Kettlebell jerk" introduction into the training process helps athletes-weightlifters to increase their sport result. Tables 1,2, present the results of the experiment.
Table 1
The indices of "Kettlebell jerk" exercise fulfillment before the experiment
Respondents Weight of an athlete, kg "Kettlebell jerk" exercise fulfillment Respondents Weight of an athlete, kg "Kettlebell jerk" exercise fulfillment
Time of classic exercise "Kettlebell jerk" fulfillment during 10 minutes with the weight 32 kg
1 CG 63 100 1 EG 63 90
2 CG 68 97 2 EG 68 104
3 CG 73 111 3 EG 73 115
4 CG 78 140 4 EG 78 135
5 CG 85 150 5 EG 85 155
6 CG 85+ 180 6 EG 85+ 159
Table 2
The indices of "Kettlebell jerk" exercise fulfillment after the experiment
Respondents Weight of an athlete, kg "Kettlebell jerk" exercise fulfillment Respondents Weight of an athlete, kg "Kettlebell jerk" exercise fulfillment
Time of classic exercise "Kettlebell jerk" fulfillment during 10 minutes with the weight 32 kg
1 CG 63 99 1 EG 63 100
2 CG 68 98 2 EG 68 111
3 CG 73 100 3 EG 73 125
4 CG 78 141 4 EG 78 141
5 CG 85 148 5 EG 85 166
6 CG 85+ 181 6 EG 85+ 179
During the pedagogical experiment the respondents from the control group used only classic exercises for the classic exercise "Kettlebell jerk" training. In the experimental group respondents used created by us pedagogical model of training classic exercise "Kettlebell jerk".
The results of the experiment showed that created by us pedagogical model of training classic exercise "Kettlebell jerk" was effective, but it is not suitable for all athletes, as the level of motor abilities development among the athletes is different [Trul, 2021, p.44i-444].The respondents from the experimental group showed 5-7% better results, than the respondents from the control group. Coaches should take into account physical abilities and somatotype of the athletes during the training process and individual training tasks planning in order to achieve high results.
The effectiveness of a kettlebell lifting depends on the speed of weightlifter's body movement during the separate elements of kettlebell jerk fulfillment. Especially important is the quickness during the squat under the weight fulfillment. As
during a squat the strength of a hand is not great and the kettlebell continues to move mainly owing to inertia (pendulum effect), it is important to fulfill the exercise technically correctly [Bolotin, 2018, p.43-52]. Moreover, in case this exercise is fulfilled quicker, it demands good weightlifter's physical fitness [Bolotin, 2021, p.223-227].
Conclusion
It was stated that for the coaches and athletes it is reasonable to use the created by us pedagogical model of training classic exercise "Kettlebell jerk" in the training process while preparing individual training tasks. The results of the pedagogical experiment showed that the created by us pedagogical model is not suitable for every athlete-weightlifter. The respondents from the experimental group demonstrated 5-7% better results, than the respondents from the control group. The coaches should take into account physical abilities and somatotype of the athletes, as athletes have different level of motor abilities development.
References
1. Bolotin A.E., Karpova S.N., Bakaev V.V. Teoriya I metodika sporta vysshih dostizhenij [Theory and methodology of high achievements sport]. Saint-Petersburg: Federal State Autonomous Educational Establishment of Higher Education " Peter the Great Saint-Petersburg Polytechnic University". 2022: 157 [In Russ.].
2. Davidenko I.A. Model of training athletes of combat sambo using combinations of the striking and wrestling technique from different distance. Sovremennye tendencii razvitiya fizicheskoj kul'tury I sporta: stat'I Mezhvuzovskoj nauchno-prakticheskoj konferencii, Sankt-Peterburg, 1214 yanvarya 2021 goda [Modern tendencies of physical culture and sport development: articles of Interuniversity scientific-practical conference, Saint-Petersburg, January, 12-14, 2021]. Saint-Petersburg: Saint-Petersburg University of State Fire-fighting Service of the Ministry of the Russian Federation of Civil Defense, Emergency and consequences of natural disasters liquidation. 2021: 54-59 [In Russ.].
3. Kraft N.N., Pronin E.A. Independent educational activity of students organization. Materialy itogovoj nauchno-prakticheskoj konferencii professorsko-prepodavatel'skogo sostava Nacional'nogo gosudarstvennogo universiteta fizicheskoj kul'tury, sporta I zdorov'ya imeni P.F. Lesgafta: Sankt-Peterburg za 2019 god, posvyachennoj 74-letiyu Pobedy v Velikoj Otechestvennoj vojne I Dnyu rossijskoj nauki (Sankt-Peterburg, 3-27 fevralya 2020 g.) [Materials of the final scientific-practical conference of the teaching staff of the National State University
of Physical Culture, Sport and Health named after P. F. Lesgaft: Saint-Petersburg 2019, dedicated to the 75th anniversary of the Victory in the Great Patriotic War and Russian Science day (Saint-Petersburg, February, 3-27, 2020)]. Federal State Budgetary Educational Establishment of Higher Education "National State University of Physical Culture, Sport and Health named after P. F. Lesgaft, Saint-Petersburg". Saint-Petersburg: 2020: 306308 [In Russ.].
4. Pronin E. A. The structure of a pedagogical model of strength-oriented endurance development among the athletes, taking into account their somatotype. Uchenyezapiskiuniversiteta imeniP.F. Lesgafta. 2022; 1(203): 331-335. DOI: 10.34835/ issn.2308-i96i.2022.i.p33i-335 [In Russ.].
5. Pronin E.A., Anisimov M.P., Davidenko I.A., Fadeev A.S. Analysis of the technique of classic exercises in weightlifting depending on the way of a barbell grasp. Uchenye zapiski universiteta imeni P.F. Lesgafta. 2022; 6(208): 312-315. DOI: i0.34835/issn.2308-i96i.2022.6.p3i2-3i5 [In Russ.].
6. Pronin E.A. Training process individualization for strength-oriented endurance development among athletes-weightlifters taking into account their somatotype. Fizicheskaya kul'tura I zdorov'e. 2022; 2(82): 231-235. DOI: 10.47438/1999-3455_2022_2_231 [In Russ.].
7. Pronin E.A. The content of strength-oriented training analysis among the athletes in kettlebell lifting. Pedagogiko-psihologicheskie I mediko-biologicheskie problemy fizicheskoj kul'tury I sporta = Russian Journal of Physical Education and Sport. 2022; 17(2): 26-30. DOI: 10.14526/2070-
4798-2022-17-2-26-30 [In Russ., In Engl.]
8. Trul A.R. "Crossfit" as the means of physical development of students at a higher educational establishment. Aktual'nye problem fizicheskoj kul'tury studentov medicinskih vuzov: materialy VI Vserossijskoj nauchno-prakticheskoj konferencii s mezhdunarodnym uchastiem, Sankt-Peteburg, 19 noyabrya 2020 goda [Urgent problems of physical culture of students of medical higher educational establishments: materials of the VI All-Russian scientific-practical conference with the International participation, Saint-Petersburg, November, 19, 2020]. Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation. Federal State Budgetary Educational Establishment of Higher Education "North-Western State Medical University named after I. I. Mechnikov" Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation. Physical culture
department. Saint-Petersburg: Publishing house of NWSMU named after I. I. Mechnikov. 2021: 441444 [In Russ.].
9. Bolotin A., Bakayev V., Bochkovskaya V. Comparative fractal analysis of the heart rhythm variability among female biathletes with different training statuses. World Congress of Performance Analysis of Sport XII : Proceedings, Opatija, Croatia, September, 19-23, 2018. Opatija, Croatia: University of Zagreb. 2018: 43-52.
10. Bolotin A., Bakayev V. New approaches to thermal protection wetsuits development for long-distance swimmers competing in open water. icSPORTS 2020 - Proceedings of the 8th International Conference on Sport Sciences Research and Technology Support: 8, Virtual, Online, November, 05-06, 2020. Virtual, Online.
Submitted: 31.07.2022 Author's information:
Evgeniy A. Pronin — Postgraduate, Peter the Great Saint-Petersburg Polytechnic University, 195009, Russia, Saint-Petersburg, Politekhnicheskaya str., House 29, e-mail: rab0tnik2809@yandex.ru Aleksandr S. Fadeev — Associate Professor, Mikhailovsk Military Artillery Academy, 195006, Russia, Saint-Petersburg, Komsomola str., House 22, e-mail: rodger34@yandex.ru
Igor I. Vorkozhokov — Lecturer, Mikhailovsk Military Artillery Academy, 195006, Russia, Saint-Petersburg, Komsomola str., House 22, e-mail: hjpper45@yandex.ru
Vladimir I. Drozdov — Lecturer, Mikhailovsk Military Artillery Academy, 195006, Russia, Saint-Petersburg, Komsomola str., House 22, e-mail: drozd1956@yandex.ru
