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INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF THEORETICAL AND PRACTICAL
RESEARCH
International journal of theoretical and practical research
Scientific Journal
Year: 2022 Issue: 10 Volume: 2 Published: 31.10.2022
http://alferganus.uz
ISSN 2181-2357
T. 2 №10. 2022
ISJIF 2022:5.962 QR-Article
Citation:
Qosimov, S.R., Matkarimov, N.X. (2022). Location relief and its significance in designing landscape architecture objects. SJ
International journal of theoretical and practical research, 2 (10), 24-29.
Qosimov, S.R., Matkarimov, N.X. (2022). Location relief and its significance in designing landscape architecture objects.
Nazariy va amaliy tadqiqotlar xalqaro jurnali, 2 (10), 24-29.
Doi:
httys://dx. doi. org/10.5281/zenodo. 7243958
Qosimov, Saidjon Rustamjonovich
assistant
Fergana Polytechnic institute E-mail: qosimov2801@gmail. com
Matkarimov, Nuriddin Xusniddin ogli
assistent,
Fergana Polytechnic institute E-mail: nuriddin9600@gm ail. com UDC 502.5:712.00(07)
LOCATION RELIEF AND ITS SIGNIFICANCE IN DESIGNING LANDSCAPE ARCHITECTURE OBJECTS
Abstract. This article discusses the concept of "Landscape Architecture" in modern Uzbekistan and the relationship between natural resources (climate, relief, water, soil, flora and fauna) within the same territory surrounding the geographic landscape from natural sources.
Keywords: boundary, planning, natural, integral, relief, man-made, fauna, spatial, physical, geoplastic, function.
РЕЛЬЕФ МЕСТА И ЕГО ЗНАЧЕНИЕ В ПРОЕКТИРОВАНИИ ОБЪЕКТОВ ЛАНДШАФТНОЙ АРХИТЕКТУРЫ
Косимов Саиджон Рустамжонович
ассистент,
Ферганский политехнический институт
Маткаримов Нуриддин Хусниддинович
ассистент,
Ферганский политехнический институт
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SJIF 2022:5.962
Аннотация. В этой статье обсуждается концепция «Ландшафтной архитектуры» в современном Узбекистане и взаимосвязь между природными ресурсами (климат, рельеф, вода, почва, флора и фауна) в пределах одной и той же территории, окружающей географический ландшафт из природных источников.
Ключевые слова: граница, планирование, естественных, составная часть, облегчение, антропогенный, фауна, пространственный, физический, геопластика, функция.
LANDSHAFTI ARXITEKTURASI OBYEKTLARINI LOYIHALASHDA JOY RELEFI VA UNING AHAMIYATI
Qosimov Saidjon Rustamjonovich
Assistent,
Farg'ona politexnika instituti
Matkarimov Nuriddin Xusniddin o'g'li
Assistent,
Farg'ona politexnika institute
Annotatsiya. Ushbu maqolada hozirgi kunda O \zbekistondagi "Landshaft arxitekturasi" tushunchasi va tabiiy manbaalardan Geografik landshaftni o'ralgan bir xil maydonni, uning doirasida tabiiy komponentlar (iqlim, relef, suv, tuproq, o'simlik va hayvonot dunyosi) o'zaro bog'liqligini nazarda tutilgan.
Kalit so'zlar: chegarasi, rejalashtirish, tabiiy, komponent, relef, iqlim, antropogen, fauna, fazoviy, jismoniy, geoplastika, funktsiya.
Enter part
In the last hundred years, the scope of landscape architecture has expanded significantly. It now covers much wider areas. In relation to a separate urban area, the whole area of the city is united by the concept of urban planning landscape, and its landscape organization is included in the scope of landscape urban planning based on the boundaries of landscape architecture. This large field of landscape architecture is aimed at shaping the urban landscape with all its elements-devices (which play the role of urban terrain) and various open areas. Landscape architecture also began to connect with the third important field of architectural creativity - planning and district planning. The distinguishing feature of landscape planning is the creation of a spatial environment of large areas, the vertical dimension of which is very small compared to the horizontal dimension.
Natural landscape in geographical concept it is a single area within the land area surrounded by natural boundaries, within which the natural components (climate, topography, water, soil, flora and fauna) form an interrelated unit. In the landscapes of the same areas, taiga, tropical forests, tundra have much smaller natural units -
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components of the geographical landscape. Natural and anthropogenic in modern landscape architecture there are concepts of landscape.
With human intervention in the natural environment, it becomes an anthropogenic environment. Anthropogenic landscapes have existed since the beginning of human economic activities .
Natural landscapes include all landscapes that have appeared as a result of the natural development of the natural environment and have no traces of human activity. But there are very few landscapes on earth that have not been touched by humans. During economic activity, man changes some natural components - primarily vegetation, soil, water regime, fauna. Such changes disrupt the connections and relationships between the natural components present in the landscape. The need for land development and human encroachment on nature creates landscape changes - road networks and power lines, factories, settlements appear.
The main part
The concept of "landscape architecture" appeared in the United States a hundred years ago, in connection with the establishment of the first national parks. This concept came to Europe much later. However, this does not mean that landscape architecture has a very short history. On the contrary, human activity related to this concept goes back to the depths of centuries. In order to imagine the development of landscape architecture, it is necessary to understand what landscape architects do and what place their profession occupies in the wider world of architecture.
Modern concepts of architecture are activities that form human society in general and the spatial environment in which each of its members lives in particular. About 2,000 years ago, the Roman architectural theorist Marcus Vitruvius Pollio pointed out utility, independence, and beauty as the essential qualities of architecture. In modern terms, architectural activity or organization of spatial environment is formed by functional, technical and aesthetic aspects, and architecture combines the three most important components of human activity - science, technology and art.
Initially, they did not play a significant role in the general formation of the earth's landscapes: the changes made by man took place in very small areas and had a reversible character. As the dimensions of human activity expanded, its results in some cases became irreversible. These gradual changes in the landscape covered large areas of the earth's surface.
Later, they were joined by industrial production and the changes that came through the exploitation of mineral resources. The change in environment varies according to its physical characteristics and degree of stability from complete "deadness" to relatively minor "disruption" that can still be regenerated naturally, as in some open pits. to ".
For these reasons, it can be said that, if used in the strictest sense, there are no pristine natural landscapes left on earth. All the landscapes of the Earth have been changed, even to a small extent, by human intervention, these phenomena are increasing, and the processes of change and reorganization of biogenic landscapes are objectively inevitable. (Milnov FN Man and landscapes). The reduction of the number of biogenic landscapes on Earth is also inevitable; in turn, their role in human life should be shortened.
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But it is necessary to preserve the oases that have tested the influence of the natural environment: studying these "samples", studying them as an example of the laws of ecological balance is the only way to form viable and resistant types of human habitat in the future.
All the natural features of the place: hills, slopes, ridges, depressions, rocks, plains, and ridges are included in the topography of the place, and they are actively and effectively used in the creation of an architectural landscape environment. giving forms with the help of ramps, stairs, slopes and artificial beds, in a word, creating relief geoplastics, making it beautiful and useful is of great importance in landscape architecture.
One of the most promising areas of landscape architecture related to the relief of the place is geoplastics, that is, vertical design, which performs architectural-artistic tasks. With the help of modern technology, it is possible to create the desired relief. Relief protects living yards, children's recreation areas from dust, noise, wind, and creates a microclimate. According to its structural design, geoplastics also include rocks, rockeries and exotic compositional elements [3].
Stairs and ramps are very important here. Stairs and ramps are made for easy movement in gardens and parks. Ramps are usually under an 8% slope. Stairs are designed for places with a slope of more than 10% (more than 1 meter).
Park stairs are mainly used to transition from one terrain to another, and give a unique look to parks and architectural environments. It is very important to get the dimensions and proportions of the stairs correct in relation to the garden or park environment or terrain in the design. have
There is a rule in the form of stairs. When adding the length of two stairs, the width of the stairs should correspond to a person's step. Garden stairs should not be made too long. They can be made of concrete slab, brick, board, stone.
Conclusion
When we say landscaping, we usually mean in a figurative sense, that is, a small structure that is not very large in size, designed for various decorative and utilitarian functions, which are large and functional compared to other structures. we understand moral objects. Such objects usually include landscaping elements and structures, as well as decorative structures and forms. They include statues, decorative pools, walls, fountains and waterfalls, various kiosks, pavilions, transport stations, gates, fences, children's playgrounds, stalls, shops for parks and institutions. , small exhibition halls, ice cream and juice coffee shops, hunters' houses, field sheds are examples of small architectural objects. One, architectural compositional and functional requirements for such wonderful objects should never be less than other structures. Any new architectural object, whether it is small or large, its conceptual solution must be found on the basis of the creative product of the architect and the laws of composition.
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