CC BY
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UDC: 352.07
Toshtemirova Z.M.
assistant
Department of economics and social sciences University of economics and pedagogy Uzbekistan, Andijan
IMPROVEMENT OF MANAGEMENT MECHANISMS OF MAHALLA INSTITUTIONS IN THE TRANSFORMATION PROCESS
Abstract. The article examines the role of the mahalla institution, which has been formed and developed over the centuries, in the implementation of democratic reforms in Uzbekistan today, as well as the scientific views and theories of scholars on the formation of mahallas. In addition, the work carried out on social support of the population in the mahallas, which have become the basis of human development, which has become the hearth of the mahalla, and which is called motherland within the homeland is covered.
Key words: Mahalla, social institute, transformation, solution, significance of theoretical developments, self-government, civil society.
Mahalla has always been the center of public opinion, the preservation of national values, and the solution of pressing life problems. President Shavkat Mirziyoyev rightly noted that the mahalla should be an abode of peace and tranquility, mutual respect and education. A necessary condition for the sustainable development of the country is the presence of a system of self-government, which is very important for Uzbekistan than for most foreign models of government.
In the modern understanding, local self-government is considered as a certain guarantee of a free regime. And the implementation of its principles based on the traditions of the national school not only guarantees the establishment of democratic positions in our society, but also ensures the sustainable socioeconomic development of the country as a whole.
The transformation process is ensured by the widespread dissemination of institutional norms in society and the presence of mechanisms for enforcing their implementation. The significance of theoretical developments that can improve the understanding of the mechanisms of development of transformation processes and at least partially improve the quality of forecasts and the efficiency of managing systems.
Mahalla is the cradle of national values and good deeds. It was here that such traits characteristic of our people as humanism, mercy, mutual assistance and good neighborliness were formed.
The creation of a legal framework for the activities of self-government bodies, their improvement in accordance with the requirements of the time, served
as an important factor in strengthening the role of this unique system in the sociopolitical and spiritual life of society.
The activities of self-government bodies are unique and multifaceted. Currently, citizens' assemblies successfully perform more than 30 functions that were previously the responsibility of local government bodies. This is primarily social protection. At the same time, special attention is paid to targeted material and moral support for low-income families, people with disabilities, and single elderly citizens. A significant contribution to increasing the efficiency of the work carried out in this direction is made by the Mahalla Foundation, its regional divisions and about 10 thousand self-government bodies of citizens. The well-established activities of social support commissions operating at citizens' gatherings are important.
As the head of state notes, the role and significance of the mahalla, which is a mirror of the life of the people, in preserving our national values, traditions and customs, is truly enormous. It contributes to the implementation of the principle "from a strong state to a strong civil society", further strengthening of our spirituality, and educating the younger generation in the spirit of the times.
The solid legal basis for this great work is the decrees and resolutions of the head of state, government resolutions and other legal acts. In particular, in accordance with the law, small businesses, hairdressing salons, sewing shops, craft workshops, and consumer service points are open and operating effectively at citizens' gatherings. Currently, the mahalla promotes employment of the population by organizing home-based work.
As you know, handicrafts have developed on our land since ancient times. The secrets of pottery, blacksmithing, handicrafts, wood carving, gold embroidery, embroidery, as well as animal husbandry and agriculture are passed down from generation to generation. Currently, with the dynamic development of small businesses in the country and the growth of economic activity of the population, self-government bodies of citizens play a large role in involving citizens in entrepreneurship. In mahallas, the production of consumer goods, agriculture, folk crafts, trade, and the service sector are expanding, which helps ensure employment of residents, improve the well-being of families, and the level and quality of their life.
Today, citizens' self-government bodies have become reliable partners of entrepreneurs. The commissions of citizens' gatherings on the development of entrepreneurship and family businesses actively contribute to their work. Members of this commission help those wishing to create their own business in the mahalla, explain the procedure, assist in the allocation of land plots, access to utilities, and obtaining loans. Each mahalla has its own bakeries, sewing workshops, workshops for processing vegetables and fruits, and milk. Mahallas are also famous for their potters, carpenters, blacksmiths, and confectioners.
It should be noted that when organizing a family business, the characteristics and capabilities of each region are taken into account. For example,
in ancient historical cities, along with handicrafts, special attention is paid to the development of trade and the service sector. And in areas specializing in agriculture and livestock raising, there are more and more private agricultural enterprises.
The main goal of the reforms carried out in the country is to create conditions for a happy and prosperous life for every person. And the mahalla today, on the basis of the age-old principles of mercy, humanism, and unity, unites people in the socio-economic development of the territories and contributes to the growth of their well-being.
A modern mahalla is an association of residents of a certain territory within a kishlak, town, aul, or city. In a complex, it solves issues of everyday life. Today this applies to both spiritual and moral, political and economic aspects. It is the mahalla that bears the main burden associated with the implementation by citizens of the function of self-government. With the acquisition of independence, Uzbekistan, following the principles of the progressive development of democracy in order to provide citizens with opportunities to participate in the life of the country, legislated the historically established form of mahalla, which officially received the status of bodies of self-government of citizens. The authorities' desire to support this public institution on the path to building a strong civil society is fully justified.
Self-government bodies are important primarily as a structure in direct contact with the population. They must close the management chain and be the main source of information.
The current legislation entrusts the mahalla with solving many problems of important social significance. It ensures targeted and effective use of funds allocated as part of social support for families, resolves issues of providing financial assistance to the poor, assigning and paying benefits to families with minor children. Targeting is a fundamental factor. And we must not allow dependency among the adult working population.
The Mahalla is designed to facilitate the patronage of lonely elderly citizens in need of outside care at the expense of funds allocated from the State budget. Today, self-government bodies are entrusted with a number of powers in preserving marriages and reconciling conflicting parties.
In mahallas, issues of comprehensive socio-economic and cultural development of the territory under its jurisdiction are resolved. Here they can effectively mitigate the consequences of conflicts, provide assistance to less protected sections of the population, and improve general conditions and quality of life. Therefore, on a national scale, self-government of citizens solves problems of national importance, ensuring the protection of people's interests. It is this level that is the foundation of the national system of democracy.
Today, the practice of public administration has highlighted the importance of problems, which include issues of the institution of makhalla. The main task is to justify the political expediency of measures, the implementation of which will
make it possible to more effectively organize the structure and activities of state authorities and self-government of citizens.
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