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34INTERNATIONAL SCIENTIFIC JOURNAL VOLUME 1 ISSUE 6 UIF-2022: 8.2 | ISSN: 2181-3337
IMKONIYATICHEKLANGAN (KO'ZIOJIZ) YOSHLARNI IJTIMOIY HAYOTGA MOSLASHTIRISH YO'LLARI Zumradxon Astanova Toxirovna
FarDU musiqa ta'limi va san'at yo'nalishi magistranti Muslimbek BaratovAlisher o'g'li
AnDUPI Ijtimoiy-gumanitar fanlarni o'qitish metodikasi (ma'naviyat asoslari)yo'nalishi
magistranti https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7192767
Annotatsiya. Mazkur maqolada ko'rish imkoniyati cheklangan yoshlarni ijtimoiy hayotga moslashish jarayonidagi muammolarga yechim toppish to'g'rida fikrlar bayon etiladi.
Kalit so'zlar: imkoniyati cheklangan, ko'zi ojiz, nogiron, zaif ko'ruvchi, ijtimoiy hayot, qaror,integratsiyalashuv.
ПУТИ АДАПТАЦИИ МОЛОДЕЖИ ИНВАЛИДОВ К СОЦИАЛЬНОЙ
ЖИЗНИ
Аннотация. В данной статье представлены идеи по поиску решений проблем в процессе адаптации слабовидящих молодых людей к социальной жизни.
Ключевые слова: инвалид, слепой, инвалид, слабовидящий, социальная жизнь, решение, интеграция.
WAYS TO ADAPT DISABLED YOUNG PEOPLE TO SOCIAL LIFE
Abstract. In this article, ideas are presented on finding solutions to problems in the process of adaptation of visually impaired young people to social life.
Keywords: disabled, blind, disabled, visually impaired, social life, decision, integration.
KIRISH
Bugungikundao'sibkelayotganharbiryoshavlodga,davlatimiztomonidanalohidae'tiborvai mkoniyatlarberilmoqda.Xususan, ko'rish bo'yicha imkoniyati cheklangan yoshlar hayotini yengillashtirish maqsadida ular uchun ko'plab qulayliklar yaratilmoqda, har sohada imkoniyat eshiklari ochilmoqda. Shuningdek, ta'lim sohasining turli yo'nalishlari bo'yicha olib borilayotgan islohatlar o'z samarasini bera boshladi. Jumladan, pedagogika, musiqa va san'at, sport yo'nalishlarida ko'zi ojiz iste'dodli yoshlar ko'plab yutuqlarga erishmoqdalar.
TADQIQOT MATERIALLLARI VA METODOLOGIYASI
Imkoniyati cheklangan (nogiron) - bu shaxsiy ehtiyojlarini qisman yoki to'liq o'zi mustaqil ta'minlay olmaydigan shaxs.Nogironlik qabul qilingan tasnifnomaga ko'ra organizmdagi doimiy buzilishlarga olib keluvchi, hayot faoliyatining cheklanishiga sabab bo'luvchi, alohida ijtimoiy qo'llab-quvvatlashga ehtiyoj sezuvchi insonlardir.
Imkoniyati cheklangan insonlar ikki turga bo'linadi: Aqliy imkoniyati cheklanganlik va jismoniy imkoniyati cheklanganlik.
Jumladan: O'zbekiston Respublikasi Prezidenti Shavkat Mirziyoyevning O'zbekiston ijodkor ziyolilari vakillari bilan uchrashuvdagi "Adabiyot va san'at, madaniyatni rivojlantirish -xalqimiz ma'naviy olamini yuksaltirishning mustahkam poydevoridir" mazmunidagi fikrlari ko'zi ojiz yoshlarni ham san'at va adabiyotga jalb qilish, kitobxonlik madaniyatini oshirish yuzasidan amaliy ko'rsatma sifatida xizmat qilmoqda. Zero, yurtboshimiz yuksak ite'dodli ko'zi ojiz yoshlar qatlamini har tomonlama qo'llab-quvvatlash bo'yicha g'amxo'rdirlar.
INTERNATIONAL SCIENTIFIC JOURNAL VOLUME 1 ISSUE 6 UIF-2022: 8.2 | ISSN: 2181-3337
O'zbekiston Respublikasi Qonunchilik palatasi tomonidan 2020-yil 22-iyulda qabul qilingan, Senat tomonidan 2020-yil 11-sentabrda ma'qullangan O'RQ-641-sonli "Nogironligi bo'lgan shaxslarning huquqlari to'g'risidagi" qonunining 8, 38, 40-moddalari asosida bugungi kunda ko'zi ojiz bolalar ta'lim-tarbiyasiga davlatimiz tomonidan katta e'tibor va imkoniyatlar berilmoqda. Shuningdek, bu qonunning 8-moddasida qayd etilgan "Nogironligi bo'lgan bolalarning rivojlanayotgan qobiliyatini va o'z individualligini saqlab qolish huquqini hurmat qilish prinsipi" dan kelib chiqib nogironligi bo'lgan bolalarni har tomonlama va uyg'un rivojlantirish, ularning ijtimoiy faolligini oshirish, mehnatga bo'lgan qiziqishiga ko'maklashish, ta'limga, ilm-fanga, texnikaga, san'at va sportga jalb etish maqsadida nogironligi bo'lgan bolalar manfaatlari, ularga nisbatan bajariladigan barcha harakatlarda ustuvorlik yaqqol seziladi.
Ushbu qonunning 38, 40-moddalarida yozilihicha, davlat organlari nogironligi bo'lgan shaxslarning har biri uchun mosroq bo'lgan tillarni, muloqot qilish usullari va vositalarini rivojlantirish, Brayl alifbosini, muqobil harflarni, nutq va og'zaki muomala ko'nikmalarini o'zlashtirish, shuningdek o'qituvchilarni va maktab xodimlarini inklyuziv ta'lim masalalarida o'qitish, imo-ishora tilini va Brayl alifbosini biladigan nogironligi bo'lgan o'qituvchilarni ta'lim muassasalariga ishga joylashtirish yordamida nogironligi bo'lgan shaxslar uchun ko'makdosh bo'lgan loyihalar tahsinga sazovordir.
Bundan tashqari, O'zbekiston Respublikasi Prezidentining 2021-yil 21-dekabrdagi "Nogironligi bo'lgan shaxslarni har tomonlama qo'llab-quvvatlash, ularning bandligiga ko'maklashish hamda ijtimoiy faolligini yanada oshirishga oid qo'shimcha chora-tadbirlar to'g'risida" PQ-57-sonli qaroriga muvofiq: "Yoshlar ishlari agentligi (A. Sa'dullayev) Yoshlarga oid davlat siyosatini qo'llab-quvvatlash jamg'armasi mablag'lari hisobidan har yili 500 nafargacha nogironligi bo'lgan yoshlarni ijtimoiy qo'llab-quvvatlash maqsadida quyidagi yo'nalishlar uchun subsidiya ajratib borish tizimini joriy etsin:
Nodavlat ta'lim tashkilotlarida kasb-hunarga o'rgatish, ularda kasbiy ko'nikmalarni shakllantirish, axborot texnologiyalari, kompyuterda dasturlash amaliyoti, umumta'lim fanlari va xorijiy tillarni o'rgatish, shuningdek, zarur hollarda yashash va transport xarajatlarini qoplash uchun;
Kasbga tayyorlash, qayta tayyorlash, malaka oshirish, tadbirkorlik va kasb-hunarga o'rgatish kurslarini muvaffaqiyatli tugatgan hamda maxsus sertifikatni olgan, shuningdek, tadbirkor yoki o'zini o'zi band qilgan shaxs sifatida davlat ro'yxatidan o'tganlarga asbob-uskuna va mehnat qurollarini xarid qilish uchun.
Belgilansinki, subsidiyalar har bir nogironligi bo'lgan yoshning talabiga muvofiq, bazaviy hisoblash miqdorining 50 baravarigacha bo'lgan miqdorda mazkur bandda ko'rsatilgan yo'nalishlardan bittasi uchun ajratiladi." kabi ko'rsatmalar berildi.
Davlatimiz rahbari ko'zi ojiz yoshlarning ta'lim-tarbiyasiga ham alohida e'tibor qaratib, bu borada bir nechta qarorlar imzoladilar.
Jumladan, 18.04.2022 yildagi "Ko'zi ojiz va zaif ko'ruvchi bolalar uchun ixtisoslashtirilgan maktab-internatlarda ta'lim berish sifatini oshirish hamda ular faoliyatini yanada takomillashtirish chora-tadbirlari to'g'risida" PQ-209-sonli qarorida: "Ichki ishlar vazirligi hamda Xalq ta'limi vazirligining ko'zi ojiz va zaif ko'ruvchi bolalar uchun ixtisoslashtirilgan maktab-internatlarni Ichki ishlar vazirligiga biriktirish hamda ularni "Nurli maskan" ixtisoslashtirilgan maktab-internatlari (keyingi o'rinlarda — "Nurli maskan" maktablari) deb nomlash to'g'risidagi taklifiga rozilik berilsin.
INTERNATIONAL SCIENTIFIC JOURNAL VOLUME 1 ISSUE 6 UIF-2022: 8.2 | ISSN: 2181-3337
Xulosa o'rnida shuni aytish joizzki, Imkoniyati cheklangan, shu jumladan, ko'zi ojiz insonlar jamiyatning ajralmas bir bo'lagi sifatida insoniyat tomonidan tan olinishi, e'tibor ko'rsatilishi va ko'mak berilishi muhim ahamiyatga egadir. Chunki, Ijtimoiy tengsizlik jamiyat va davlatning taraqqiy etishiga jiddiy to'siq bo'la oladi. Imkoniyati cheklangan insonlarning boqimandaligiga barham berib, ularni ilm-fanga, kasbga yo'naltirish orqali jamiyatga foyda keltirishlariga erishish g'oyat rivojlangan davlatlarga xos bo'lgan jihatlaridan biridir. Bu borada davlatimiz turli sohalarda jahonandozalari asosida chora-tadbirlarni yo'lga qo'ysa yanada maqsadga muofiq bo'lar edi...
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