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15AGRICULTURE
HOW TO ACHIEVE HIGHER PRODUCTIVITY OF MEAT RABBIT INDUSTRY
a student Ruleva T. A.
candidate of technical science, associate professor Sarbatova N. Y.
Russia, city of Krasnodar, the Kuban State Agrarian University
Abstract. For fast growth and good health of the animals it is necessary to obtain a complete and varied diet, which would contain all the necessary nutrients. Any breeder should know all about the disease of rabbits and their treatment, because the risk of infection the disease can occur unexpectedly, regardless of how you have created favorable conditions for the pets.
Keywords: rabbit, feeding, supplements, slaughter, dietary products.
Producing of diet food that provides humans with proteins, essential nutrients, microelements and vitamins has become of great importance lately.
Rabbit breeding is a perspective branch of cattle-breeding. Rabbit meat is a dietary product because it contains little fat, connective tissue, cholesterol and sodium salts. Rabbit meat is rich in protein, iron, phosphorous, cobalt, vitamins PP, C, B6, B12, small fibrous and is characterized by high digestibility [2].
Choosing the rabbit breed for meat it is necessary to take into consideration a whole set of parameters. Usually size and ripeness of animals are taken into account. They show how easy it is possible to reproduce the livestock number, what is disease resistance of the breed, if it requires specific conditions of keeping the animals and feeding ration.
For fast growth and good health animals must get complex and varied food with all necessary nutrients. In the wild rabbits get most of the nutrients from varied green food - annual and perennial grasses, bushes, branches and roots of trees.
Besides nutritious food and water rabbits need different supplements. Along with known old supplements nowadays there are new ones.
The most frequently used supplements are fish flour and chalk. They contain calcium which is necessary for healthy bones of animals. Fish flour is full of phosphorous needed for faster growth. Choosing vitamins for rabbits, mineral supplements and other medicine you should remember that excess of vitamins is as harmful as its lack.
Any rabbit breeder must know everything about rabbit diseases and their treatment because rabbits can suddenly catch an infectious disease despite the fact how favorable the conditions you have created for your rabbits.
If some rabbit amateur-breeders do not have an opportunity to provide aviaries for pasture season where animals can be free and they have to be kept either in cages or sheds then one must take care of rabbits' health because closeness, dampness and dirtiness are conditions for diseases or even loss of animals. It is necessary to keep clean the rabbits places and to air them. One should try not to let strangers to visit farms as they may bring infection on shoes soles. That is why it will be essential if rabbit breeders will put spongy rubber mats in front of animals keeping places and they will wet the mats with disinfectant every day. This action will keep infectious microbes away. Disinfectants can be bought at veterinary drug shops. Every morning one should examine rabbits and if any of them falls ill it has to be taken away so that others will not be infected. One can easily tell healthy rabbits rom ill ones: they are active, their eyes are bright and their fur is smooth and shiny [3].
Lately there have appeared big farms where they use the latest modern technologies of rabbit breeding.
It is of great importance not only correct rabbit feeding but also animals slaughter which influences the meat marketability, storage time and taste qualities of meat. The day before slaughtering animals are not fed with any food, they are not given water any other liquids, the cages are thoroughly cleaned from any animals waste. All these procedures are necessary for maximum protection of rabbit meat from pollution.
Depending on number of animals which are prepared for slaughter, the rabbit farm equipment and number of workers we can divide the ways of rabbit slaughter into several types:
- beating the back of the animal head with a palm fin or a stick of round diameter;
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- beating the forehead, nose bone or the top of the animal head with a stick;
- with a special automated syringe;
- slaughtering after knocking with the electric currents;
- French slaughter;
- airy embolism;
- an automated industrial way of slaughter.
Successful and economically profitable rabbit breeding is possible not only in big complexes but also in small and medium rabbit-farms. They do not demand big initial investments and can grow gradually. Big variety of perspective breeds with effective fur allows the owners of mini-farms searching new ways of making profit in skin industry.
At present moment rabbit breeding is a very topical industrial branch to further produce of dietary food products [1].
REFERENCES
1. Крамничев А.В. Состояние российского мясного рынка// Мясная индустрия, 2012, Февраль - C. 15-18.
2. Патиева, С.В. Польза и диетические характеристики мяса кролика - хорошее предложение для современного потребителя / С.В.Патиева, Е.П.Лисовицкая, Ю.Н.Шакота // Молодые ученые в решении актуальных проблем науки: международная научно-практическая конференция молодых ученых и специалистов. - Троицк: ЮУрГАУ, 2015. - С. 154-158.
3. Рулева Т. А., Сарбатова Н. Ю. Правильное кормление кроликов // Молодой ученый. - 2016. - №3. - С. 430-432.
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