CC BY
9
DOI: 10.14526/2070-4798-2021-16-3-100-104
Functional and reserve organism capacities of the 1st-4th course cadets
Ildus G. Gibadullin', Aleksandra Yu. Anisimova', Azat F. Khuzin2* M.T. Kalashnikov State Technical University, Izhevsk Izhevsk, Russia ORCID: 0000-0001-6386-1121, gIbadullinildus@yandex.ru ORCID: 0000-0002-5899-91, ffkis@istu.ru 2 Chaykovskiy State Institute of Physical Culture Chaykovskiy, Russia azath.huzin@yandex.ru*
Abstract: Physical state is a range of indices. They characterize physical development, physical fitness and functional state of an organism. Physical fitness and functional abilities of an organism first of all condition health state level in cadets of a military Institute. Perfect physical fitness of cadets at a military Institute is not only the base for health and successful material mastering, but also further physical qualities development among the future officers of Russian Guards and other force structures. Materials. Functional state and reserve capacities indices analysis in the 1st-4th course cadets. Research methods. Information sources analysis and summarizing; professor S.A. Dushanin methodology using express-diagnostics of hardware-software «D&K-Test» complex, improved and added by professor V.P. Karlenko; methods of mathematical statistics. Results. We present the functional state and reserve capacities indices analysis in the 1st-4th course cadets. This analysis was received by means of multiple-factor express-diagnostics according professor S.A. Dushanin methodology. With the help of this methodology we received objective results concerning the level of power and capacity of cadets' muscle activity energy supply sources development. As a result of the held research we revealed that at the 1st-4th course cadets have different levels of power and capacity of muscle activity energy supply sources development. The 2nd course cadets have the lowest level of a functional state and organism reserve capacities, than the cadets of the 1st, 3rd and the 4th courses (cynological faculty). Conclusion. The studied indices analysis revealed the necessity to reconsider the training effects in the 1st-4th course cadets at cynological faculty, as a reasonable load helps a cadet to train according to the mixed scheme at physical culture lessons (reasonable balance of the training loads volume and intensity according to the principle of identical physical effects distribution).
Keywords: cadets' physical training, professor S.A. Dushanin methodology, functional state and reserve capacities of an organism.
For citation: Ildus G. Gibadullin, Aleksandra Yu. Anisimova, Azat F. Khuzin*. Functional and reserve organism capacities of the 1st-4th course cadets. Russian Journal of Physical Education and Sport. 2021; 16(3): 81-84. DOI: 10.14526/2070-4798-2021-16-3-100-104.
INTRODUCTION prediction and their working capacity control.
Physical state is a range of indices. They In order to substantiate this physical
characterize physical development, physical fitness training methodology we analyzed functional state and functional state of an organism [4,5,6,7]. and reserve capacities of cadets' organisms at the
Physical fitness and functional abilities of 1st-4th courses (Perm Military Institute of National an organism first of all condition health state level Guard of the Russian Federation.). in cadets of a military Institute. During the research we used professor S.A.
Perfect physical fitness of cadets at a Dushanin methodology using express-diagnostics of military Institute is not only the base for health hardware-software «D&K-Test» complex, improved and successful material mastering, but also further and added by professor V.P. Karlenko. [1, 2, 3]. physical qualities development among the future In order to analyze the initial level of a
officers of Russian Guards and other force structures. functional state and reserve capacities of cadets' During the training process of cadets at organisms we estimated the indices, presented in physical training lessons great attention is given to table 1. effective means use of cadets' results selection and
Table 1 - Functional state and reserve capacities indices of cadets' organisms
Full title of the index according to «D&K-Test» Abridged version Characteristic
Total metabolic capacity TMC Characterizes genetically predetermined level of organism capacities and the ability to fulfill general amount of physical and other types of loads
Capacity of creatine phosphate source of energy supply Cap. Cr.P Characterizes the level of iracundity, reactivity, power endurance, explosive power
Capacity of glycolytic source of energy supply Cap. Glycol. Determines reproductive and utilization function of liver, the level of speed endurance
Capacity of aerobic source of energy supply CASES Determines the abilities to show general endurance and recover after an anaerobic load
Effectiveness criterion of aerobic source use HR(heart rate) tanm (threshold of anaerobic metabolism) Determines pulse limits of intensity zones of physical loads of different capacity
General energy fund dTMC Reflects permanent state of an organism
indices of a functional state and reserve capacities of cadets' organisms and their ratio.
the research. 25 people - the 1st course cadets, 23 people -the 2nd course cadets, 21 people- the 3rd course cadets, 24 people- the 4th course cadets.
Table 2 - Mean value indices of a functional state and reserve capacities of cadets' organism at Perm Military Institute of National Guard of the Russian Federation
Course Amount of D&K-Test
people TMC Cap. Cr.P Cap. Glycol. CASES HR tanm dTMC
1 25 305,08 34,23 31,33 66,14 166,33 200,54
2 23 282,33 33,31 32,30 63,32 159,72 196,17
3 21 308,74 33,13 31,70 65,41 164,93 198,33
4 24 310,39 32,91 32,92 68,66 168,93 200,16
Taking into consideration the received information we realized a comparative analysis of the studied indices of a functional state and reserve capacities of the 1st-4th course cadets' organism (cynological faculty).
Total metabolic capacity in the 1st, 2nd and the 4th course cadets doesn't differ much, but at the same time absolute values in the 2nd course cadets are lower, than in other cadets of the faculty (cynological). It is connected with the fact that these cadets have a low level of organism capacities and
low level of the ability to fulfill general amount of physical and other types of loads.
Capacity of creatine phosphate source of energy supply in the 1st-4th course cadets (cynological faculty) reveals the level power endurance, explosive power and is within the range of normal values. Capacity of creatine phosphate source of organism energy supply is almost at the same level. Thus, the training loads at physical culture lessons in the 1st-4th course cadets had mainly power oriented character. This orientation is necessary at "Military
- Functional state and reserve organism capacities ratio among the 1st-4th course cadets
Picture 1
working dogs training" lessons.
Capacity of glycolytic source of energy supply in the ist-4th course cadets (cynological faculty) characterizes more distinct speed abilities and high level of readiness to fulfill maximal capacity muscle work.
Capacity of aerobic source of energy supply is the index of physical load volume till the level of anaerobic metabolism threshold. The 2nd course cadets have considerably lower values, than the 1st, 3rd and the 4th course cadets (cynological faculty). Thus, the training loads of speed and speed-power oriented character at physical culture lessons don't completely reveal the power of aerobic source. Capacity of aerobic source of energy supply development should be realized using the training loads of physical training and sport-mass activities.
Effectiveness criterion of aerobic source use is the index of pulse limits of different power physical loads intensity zones. The 2nd course cadets have lower results, than the 1st, 3rd and the 4th course cadets (cynological faculty).
General energy fund - the 1st and the 4th course cadets have a higher permanent organism state than the 2nd and the 3rd course cadets.
The studied indices analysis revealed the necessity to reconsider the training effects among the 1st-4th course cadets at cynological faculty, especially the 2nd course of study, as a reasonable load helps
a cadet to train according to the mixed scheme at physical culture lessons (reasonable balance of the training loads volume and intensity according to the principle of identical physical effects distribution).
As a result of the held research we revealed that at the 1st-4th course cadets have different levels of power and capacity of muscle activity energy supply sources development.
The 2nd course cadets have the lowest level of a functional state and organism reserve capacities, than the cadets of the 1st, 3rd and the 4th courses (cynological faculty).
REFERENCES
1. Mutaeva I. Sh., Gizatullina Ch.A., Seliverstova A.S. Functional and reserve organism capacities estimation among sprinters according to «D&K-Test» indices taking into account bioprofile. Pedagogiko-psychologicheskie i mediko-biologicheskie problemy fizicheskoj kul'tury I sporta = Russian Journal of Physical Education and sport. 2020; 3: 48-55. DOI: 10.14526/20704798-2020-15-3-48-55 [In Russ., In Engl.]
2. Golets V. А., Evdokimov E.I. The use of multiple-factor express-diagnostics by S.A. Dushanin for the reactions to physical load prediction. Institute of health, sport and tourism of Classical private University. Zaporozhye National University. 2009; 3: 6-11.
3. Karlenko V. P., Karlenko N.V. Computer technology «D&K-TEST» use in the practice of training qualified athletes. Vserossijskij nauchno-issledovatel'skij institute fizicheskoj kultury I sporta [All-Russian Scientific-Research Institute of
Physical Culture and Sport. Moscow, 2003: 134-136 [In Russ.].
4. Filipa A., Byrnes R., Paterno M.V., Myer G.D., Hewett T.E. Neuromuscular training improves performance on the star excursion balance test in young female athletes. Journal of Ortopaedic and Sports Physical Therapy. 2010; 40: 551-558.
5. Granata K.P., Marras W.S., Davis K.G. Biomechanical assessment of lifting dynamics, muscle activity and spinal loads while using three
different styles of lifting belt. Clinical Biomechanics. 1997; 12(2): 107-115.
6. Keating X.D., Guan J., Pinero J.C., Bridges D.M. A meta-analysis of college students' physical activity behaviors. Journal of American College Health. 2005; 54A 116-126.
7. Pratt M., Norris J., Lobelo F., Roux L., Wang G. The cost of physical inactivity: Moving into the 21st century. British Journal of Sports Medicine. 2012. DOI: 10.1136/bjsports-2012-091810.
Submitted: 20.07.2021 Author's information:
Ildus G. Gibadullin - Doctor of Pedagogics, Professor, M.T. Kalashnikov State Technical University, Izhevsk, 426000, Russia, Izhevsk, Studencheskaya str., House 67, e-mail: gIbadullinildus@yandex.ru Aleksandra Yu. Anisimova - Candidate of Pedagogics, Associate Professor, M.T. Kalashnikov State Technical University, Izhevsk, 426000, Russia, Izhevsk, Studencheskaya str., House 67, e-mail: ffkis@ mail.ru
Azat F. Khuzin- Post-Graduate, Chaykovskiy State Academy of Physical Culture, 617764, Russia, Chaykovskiy, Lenin str., House 67,e-mail: azath.huzin@yandex.ru
