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11VETERINARY SCIENCES
EFFICIENCY OF HYDROHEMOL USE IN BEEKEEPING AND ITS INFLUENCE ON HONEY
PRODUCTION
Serdyuchenko I.
candidate of veterinary sciences, associate professor,department of microbiology, virology epizootology faculty of veterinary medicine Federal state budgetary educational institution higher education
"Kuban state agrarian University named after I.T. Trubilin»
Krasnodar, Russian Federation
Abstract
The authors studied the effect of feeding sugar syrup and Candi with the addition of hydrohemol on the intestinal microflora and honey production of bee colonies. It is established that giving families such top dressing normalizes the microbial background of the intestine and increases their productivity. Keywords: hydrohemol, microflora, syrup, candy, honey production.
Introduction. When using any top dressing in an apiary, two main goals are pursued - strengthening the physiological state of insects and increasing their honey productivity [1]. Strengthening the bee colony is possible only if the health of bees is maintained and their reproductive activity is increased, and the honey productivity is increased by increasing the efficiency [2; 3].
Goal and tasks. Taking into account the positive data of various authors on the study of this drug, we conducted a series of experiments to determine its effect on microbial contamination of the intestine and increase the honey productivity of bee colonies [4; five].
Research methodology. To carry out the experiments, three groups of bee families were formed, 50 individuals in each. The bees of the first group (control) were given candi without additives; the second (1st experimental) - with an aminopeptide; the third (2nd experimental) - with hydrohemol. The layout of the dressings in all three groups was the same. 7 days after the last feeding of the kandy, the necessary research was carried out.
To determine the physiological state of the organism of insects, the reproductive activity, the state of the intestine and honey productivity were studied [6; 7].
The state of the intestine was carried out according to the point indicator.
Reproductive activity was determined using grids with a square size of 5x5 cm. Squares filled with cells were counted, each of which contained about 100 cells. The sum of the three counts gives the approximate number of young bees that will be in the bee colony 12 days after the last count.
Honey productivity was determined by the difference in the mass of honeycomb frames before and after pumping honey collected by bees.
Results and discussion. In the control group, the state of the intestinal tract was assessed at 1 point in 8.3% of individuals (the walls were thin, torn, the contents of the watery consistency); 2 points - in 33.3% of individuals (the intestinal tract was filled with liquid masses, it was difficult to extract from the abdomen); 3 points - in 41.7% of individuals (the intestines were completely removed from the abdomen, its contents were formed); 4 points - in 16.7% of individuals (the
digestive tract was elastic, well extracted, the contents were of a dense consistency). The average score for the group was 2.68.
In families of the second (1st experimental) group, the state of the intestinal tract was on average estimated at 3 and 4 points (41.7% of individuals). There were no families whose intestines were assessed at 1 point, and 16.7% of individuals at 2 points. The average score for this group was 3.25.
In the bees of families that make up the third group, the state of the large intestine was estimated on average at 3 points (25% of individuals) and 4 points (75% of individuals). The average score for the group was 3.75.
This stage of research has shown that the use of hydrohemol in the composition of candy has a beneficial effect on the functional state of the intestines of insects.
In warm climatic conditions in bee colonies in the period from the end of winter, there is an activation of reproductive activity, which is characterized by the amount of printed brood. Therefore, to assess the effect of feeding on this physiological feature of bees, we carried out a count of the amount of printed brood.
It was found that in all three groups the number of printed brood increased evenly, approximately every 12 days. At the same time, there was some unevenness in the egg production of queen bees in three groups. The process was more active in the group where bees received hydrohemol as an additive. In it, the number of printed brood was approximately 1.5 times higher than in the group in which the bees ate only kandy. At the same time, in the more active group, the number of bees in each family was about 76,011 individuals or 7.981 kg, which is 1.9 times more than in the control.
In the second group, the brood intensity was also higher compared to the first and amounted to 46801 and 39891 individuals, respectively.
The final results of the use of hydrohemol in beekeeping were summed up after taking into account the honey productivity of bee colonies carried out during the year, including acacia honey.
In the first group, on average, 11.3 + 0.9 kg of honey from white acacia was received per 1 bee colony, in the second group - 15.6 + 0.8 kg, i.e. 1.4 times more,
and in the third group - 32.1 + 0.9 kg, which is 2.8 times more than in the first group.
Consequently, the use of hydrohemol with kandy feeding made it possible not only to increase the overall honey productivity of bees, but also to increase their activity when collecting honey from acacia [8].
Thus, the production experiments carried out to find out the effectiveness of the use of hydrohemol in beekeeping showed that the drug helps to improve the state of the intestinal tract of bees, activates the reproductive activity of bee queen bees, and, as a consequence, leads to an almost twofold increase in the bee colonies of the printed brood and the number of bees, as well as increase in honey productivity of bee colonies by 1.5 times [9].
Also, economic calculations were carried out on the feasibility of using hydrohemol in beekeeping [10].
For this, the profit received for the sale of the received medical products was calculated, which for the first group (control) amounted to 6481 rubles, the second (experimental) - 8166 rubles, the third (experimental) - 11585 rubles; incl. from white acacia - 2486; 3432 and 7062 rubles, respectively [11].
The cost of the experiment in the first (control) group was 300 rubles per colony, the second (1st experimental) and third (2nd experimental) - 388 and 308, respectively.
Consequently, the economic efficiency per 1 ruble. costs for the first (control) group amounted to 43.2 rubles, the second (1st experimental) and the third (2nd experimental) - 42.1 and 72.5 rubles, respectively.
Conclusions and offers. Thus, the results obtained demonstrate the high efficiency of the use of hydrohemol in the composition of dressings, and, consequently, its feasibility and prospects for use in beekeeping, which is confirmed by high economic indicators.
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