CC BY
15Oriental Renaissance: Innovative, educational, natural and social sciences Scientific Journal Impact Factor Advanced Sciences Index Factor
VOLUME 2 | ISSUE 4/2 ISSN 2181-1784 SJIF 2022: 5.947 ASI Factor = 1.7
CHIZMACHILIK FANIDA TALABALARNING O'QUV FAOLIYATINI INDIVIDUALLASHTIRISH ORQALI TA'LIM SIFATINI OSHIRISH
Tashimov Nurlan Erpolatovich
Nizomiy nomidagi TDPU, kafedra mudiri, dotsent Jurayeva Sitora Parda qizi
Qarshi davlat universitetining Pedagogika instituti magistranti
Mazkur maqolada oliy ta 'lim muassasalari chizmachilik fanida talabalarning o 'quv faoliyatini individuallashtirish orqali ta'lim sifatini oshirish yoritilgan.
Kalit soizlar. Chizmachilik, talabalar, individuallashtirish, ta'lim, sifat, kreditmodul, ta'lim traektoriyasi, omil.
В данной статье освещено повышение качества образования за счет индивидуализации учебной деятельности студентов высших учебных заведений в области черчения.
Ключевые слова. Черчение, студенты, индивидуализация, образование, качество, кредит-модуль, траектория обучения, фактор.
This article highlights the improvement of the quality of education due to the individualization of the educational activities of students of higher educational institutions in the field of drawing.
Keywords. Drawing, students, individualization, education, quality, credit module, learning trajectory, factor.
Kredit-modul ta'lim tizimi sharoitida talabalarning ta'lim faoliyatini individuallashtirish tizimini yaratish, birinchi navbatda, asosiy tushunchalarni aniqlashni o'z ichiga oladi. Hozirgi vaqtda kredit-modul ta'lim tizimi-talabalarning o'quv faoliyatini individuallashtirish, ta'lim traektoriyasini tanlab olish va kreditlar shaklida bilim hajmini hisobga olish asosida o'z-o'zini tarbiyalash va bilimlarni ijodiy o'zlashtirish darajasini oshirishni ta'minlaydigan ta'lim tizimi hisoblanadi. Tadqiqot shuni ko'rsatdiki, uning asosiy o'ziga xos xususiyatlari quyidagilardir: talabalarning mustaqil ishdagi ulushini oshirish va auditoriyada tayyorlash hajmini kamaytirish; akademik mobillik va talabaning faol ta'lim holati; o'quv dasturlarining o'zgaruvchanligi; o'quv intizomini o'quv-uslubiy ta'minlashning o'ziga xos tarkibi.
ANNOTATSIYA
AННОТAЦИЯ
ABSTRACT
KIRISH
Oriental Renaissance: Innovative, educational, natural and social sciences Scientific Journal Impact Factor Advanced Sciences Index Factor
VOLUME 2 | ISSUE 4/2 ISSN 2181-1784 SJIF 2022: 5.947 ASI Factor = 1.7
OTMda kredit-modul ta'lim tizimining o'ziga xos xususiyatlarini hisobga olgan holda o'quv faoliyatini individuallashtirish kontseptsiyasini aniqlab, biz quyidagi ta'riflarni beramiz: kredit-modul ta'lim tizimida shaxsiy o'quv rejasiga asoslanib o'quv faoliyatini individuallashtirish, shaxsiy ta'lim traektoriyasini qurishni o'z ichiga olgan talabaning o'quv faoliyatini tashkil etish, o'quv kreditlarini to'plash va takomillashtirish orqali shaxsiy psixologik va pedagogik xususiyatlarga individual reytingi oshishi.
Uning asosiy o'ziga xos xususiyatlariga quyidagilar kiradi: OTMda o'qish jarayonining yuqori prognostik yo'nalishi, talabaning maqbul va qulay ilmiy taraqqiyoti uchun shart-sharoitlarni ta'minlash, uning mustaqilligi va o'z-o'zini nazorat qilish, shuningdek, uning oraliq o'quv yutuqlarini vaqtinchalik va mazmunli tartibga solish.
MUHOKAMA VA NATIJALAR
"Omil" tushunchasini ob'ektiv ravishda mavjud bo'lgan holat sifatida belgilash, har qanday jarayon yoki hodisaning tabiatiga doimiy ta'sir ko'rsatadigan bo'lsak, biz OTMda talabaning o'quv faoliyatini individuallashtirishni quyidagi shartlar asosida ta'lim sifatini oshirishning omili sifatida ko'rib chiqamiz:
1) individuallashtirish - bu ob'ektiv holat, chunki u kredit tizimining asosiy tamoyillaridan biri bo'lib, uning ishlashi uchun zarur shart;
2) shaxsiyatning o'ziga xos xususiyatlariga moslashtirilgan o'quv jarayonining qulayligi talabaning ijodiy salohiyatini to'liq ochib berishga imkon beradi;
3) o'quv faoliyatini individuallashtirish-uzluksiz jarayon, unga qo'shilgan ta'lim va uning mazmuni, rivojlanishi va rivojlanishiga bevosita ta'sir ko'rsatadi.
Talabalarning o'quv faoliyatini individuallashtirish muammosini o'rganish, har qanday tadqiqot vazifasi sifatida, ilmiy izlanishning yo'nalishini belgilaydigan va uning natijalarini aniqlaydigan nazariy va uslubiy asosni tanlashni o'z ichiga oladi. Tadqiqotimizning maqsadlariga muvofiq, bunday asos sifatida biz tizimli faoliyat va yondashuvlarini aniqladik. Ularning qo'shimcha qo'llanilishi kredit-modul tizimida o'quv faoliyatini individuallashtirish jarayonini tashkil etishning tizimiyligini ta'minlaydi, shuningdek, o'quv jarayonining qulayligini qo'llab-quvvatlaydigan va talabalarning to'liq o'z-o'zini anglashiga yordam beradigan sub'ektlarning o'ziga xos turini belgilaydi.
Tizimli-faoliyat yondashuvi-talabalarning o'quv faoliyatini individuallashtirish faoliyat kategoriyasi va tizim nuqtai nazaridan tavsiflash, tushuntirish va
Oriental Renaissance: Innovative, educational, natural and social sciences Scientific Journal Impact Factor Advanced Sciences Index Factor
VOLUME 2 | ISSUE 4/2 ISSN 2181-1784 SJIF 2022: 5.947 ASI Factor = 1.7
loyihalashtirish tadqiqotning metodologik yo'nalishi o'z ichiga oladi. Uni quyidagi qoidalar asosida amalga oshiriladi:
1) OTMlarda talabaning o'quv faoliyatini individuallashtirish kasbiy tayyorgarlik tizimining muhim tarkibiy qismi hisoblanadi;
2) talabalarning ta'lim faoliyatini pedagogik tizim sifatida individuallashtirish tabiatda ochiq, moslashuvchanlik, dinamizm, boshqaruv, ko'p qirrali, o'zgaruvchanlik, integratsionlik, kasbiy va pedagogik yo'nalishga ega va takomillashtirish potentsialiga ega bo'lishga erishiladi;
3) kredit-modul tizimi sharoitida OTM talabalarining o'quv faoliyatini individuallashtirish quyidagi tizimli xususiyatlar bilan belgilanadi: uning tarkibiy qismlari diagnostika (dastlabki, oraliq, yakuniy), darajadagi guruhlar bo'yicha taqsimot, individual traektoriyalarni loyihalashtirish va pedagogik qo'llab-quvvatlash, shaxsiylashtirilgan o'quv jarayonini amalga oshirish, tuzatish; element shaxsiylashtirilgan o'quv faoliyatini amalga oshirishning pedagogik vazifasidir; tizimli omil-talabalarning o'quv faoliyatini individuallashtirishni boshqarish va o'z-o'zini boshqarish; yaxlitlik dastlabki, teskari, qarshi, parallel yo'nalishdagi aloqalarning mavjudligi bilan ta'minlanadi;
4) kredit-modul tizimida ta'lim olish jarayonida talabaning o'quv faoliyatini individuallashtirish quyidagi faoliyat bilan tavsiflanadi: uning sub'ektlari o'qituvchi va talaba, ob'ekt-talabaning o'quv faoliyati, talabaning o'quv-uslubiy majmuasi, Syllabus, shaxsiy o'quv rejasi, elektron darslik, metodlar-munozara, rol o'ynash va didaktik o'yinlari, faol tinglash, muayyan vaziyatlar usuli, aqliy hujm, natija -talabaning shaxsiylashtirilgan ta'lim faoliyati.
Tizimli va faol yondoshuvni qo'shimcha ravishda, birinchi navbatda, OTMda o'qish jarayonining qulayligini ta'minlaydigan va talabalarning ta'lim sifatini oshirishga yordam beradigan sub'ektlarning o'zaro ta'sirining o'ziga xos xususiyatlarini aniqlash zarurati bilan bog'liq bo'ladi.
Bu aytilganlardan asoslanib quyidagi masalalar: mavjud ta'lim tizimida o'quv faoliyatini individuallashtirish bo'yicha ta'limning umumiy o'rta maktab, kasb-hunar maktabi xamda Oliy ta'lim muassasasida uzluksizligini ta'minlash, yuzakilashgan qismlarini didaktik printsiplarga bo'ysundirish, talabalarda fazoviy tasavvurni va konstruktorlik tafakkurni shakllantirish, talabalarning bilish faolligini orttirish shu kunning dolzarb masalalari deyish mumkin.
XULOSA
Oriental Renaissance: Innovative, educational, natural and social sciences Scientific Journal Impact Factor Advanced Sciences Index Factor
VOLUME 2 | ISSUE 4/2 ISSN 2181-1784 SJIF 2022: 5.947 ASI Factor = 1.7
REFERENCES
1. Gleeson, J. (2011). The European Credit Transfer System and curriculum design: product before process? Studies in Higher Education, 14 Sep. 2011, 1-18.
2. Костюк И. «Кредитно-модульная система: особенности ее внедрения в Львовском государственном институте современных технологий и управления им. Вячеслава Черновила», Международная конференция «Современные проблемы радиотехники, телекоммуникаций и информатики» (ТКСЕТ) , 2008 г. Львов-Славско, 2008, с. 652-653.
3. Jessica Shedd (2003), "The History of the Student Credit Hour". New Directions for Higher Education. 122 (Summer) (122): 5-12.
4. Ш.Мутафакулов., М.Султанов. «Кредит-модуль тизимига утиш нима учун керак? Максад, мохдят ва афзаллик». Жамият 2020й.
5. Nematovich, V. A. Z., &Karimberdiyevich, S. S. (2022). TEACHING PERSPECTIVE BASED ON INNOVATIVE TECHNOLOGIES. Web of Scientist: International Scientific Research Journal, 3(1), 678-687.
6. A. N. Valiev. (2021). ABOUT THE FEATURES OF THE PERSPECTIVE OF SIMPLE GEOMETRIC SHAPES AND PROBLEMS IN ITS TRAINING. International Engineering Journal For Research & Development, 6(2), https://doi.org/10.17605/OSF.IO/5MT2R
7. Ugli, D. S. D., &Ugli, A. B. I. (2022). MODULAR TECHNOLOGY OF TEACHING ENGINEERING COMPUTER GRAPHICS TO FUTURE TEACHERS DRAWING. CURRENT RESEARCH JOURNAL OF PHILOLOGICAL SCIENCES (2767-3758), 3(01), 101-107.
8. Shoxboz Dilshodbek O'G'Li Dilshodbekov, & Aldiyar Alisher O'G'Li Abdulxatov (2022). MUHANDISLIK GRAFIKASI FANLARINI O'QITISHDA ZAMONAVIY GRAFIK DASTURLARDAN FOYDALANISH METODIKASI. Scientific progress, 3 (3), 7-14.
9. Zaitov, S. R. (2022). CHIZMA GEOMETRIYA FANIDAN MUSTAQIL ISHLARINI BAJARISHDA AXBOROT TA'LIM TEXNOLOGIYASINING O'RNI. БАРЦАРОРЛИК ВА ЕТАКЧИ ТАДЦИЦОТЛАР ОНЛАЙН ИЛМИЙ ЖУРНАЛИ, 219-223.
10. P. Adilov, N. Tashimov, S. Seytimbetov (2019). Computer-Test Control o f Knowledge o f Students in Engineering Graphics. International Journal of Progressive Sciences and Technologies (IJPSAT). Vol. 17 No. 2 November 2019, pp. 193-195
Oriental Renaissance: Innovative, educational, natural and social sciences Scientific Journal Impact Factor Advanced Sciences Index Factor
VOLUME 2 | ISSUE 4/2 ISSN 2181-1784 SJIF 2022: 5.947 ASI Factor = 1.7
11. Muslimov, SherzodNazrullayevich (2019) "THE ROLE OF PERSONALITY-ORIENTED EDUCATION IN THE DEVELOPMENT OF PROFESSIONALLY-GRAPHIC COMPETENCE OF FUTURE TEACHERS OF TECHNOLOGICAL SCIENCES," Scientific Bulletin of Namangan State University: Vol. 1 : Iss. 6, Article 80.
12. Muslimov Narzulla Alikhanovich, Urazova Marina Batyrovna, MuslimovSherzodNarzullaugli. (2020). DEVELOPMENT OF DESIGN TECHNOLOGY FOR FUTURE VOCATIONAL EDUCATION TEACHERS, MODEL OF TRAINING AND BASIC INDICATORS OF DISSERTATION. PalArch's Journal of Archaeology of Egypt/ Egyptology, 17(7), 10534-10551. Retrieved from https://www.archives.palarch.nl/index.php/jae/article/view/4088
13. Tashimov, N. (2019). Ways of Development of Cognitive and Graphic Activity of Students. International Journal of Progressive Sciences and Technologies, 17(1),
14. Shoxboz, D. (2019). THE ESSENCE OF TEACHING ENGINEERING COMPUTER GRAPHICS AS A GENERAL TECHNICAL DISCIPLINE. European Journal of Research and Reflection in Educational Sciences Vol, 7(12).
15. Xalimov M., &Farxodova, Z. (2021). DEVELOPING STUDENTS' CREATIVE ABILITIES BY MAKING PROBLEM SOLUTION SITUATION IN DRAWING SUBJECT. 36ipuuKHayK06uxnpa^AörOZ. https://doi.org/10.36074/logos-30.04.2021.v2.62
16. Seytimbetov, S. M. (2022). TALABALARNING IJODKORLIK OBILIYATINI GEOMETRIK SHAKLLARNI PARAMETRLASH MASALALARI ORQALI RIVOJLANTIRISH. EoMKapy66a3muKaK,oudampuomamm,MuUMypHanu, 2(3),
17. Malikov, K. G. (2020). Theory and practice of construction of axonomertic projects. European Journal of Research and Reflection in Educational Sciences Vol, 8(9).
18. Jabbarov, R., & Rasulov, M. (2021). FURTHER FORMATION OF STUDENTS' CREATIVE ABILITIES BY DRAWING LANDSCAPES IN PAINTING. 36ipHUKHayKoeuxnpa^AOrOZ. https://doi.org/10.36074/logos-30.04.2021.v2.09
19. Khalimov Mokhir Karimovich. (2022). ELEMENTS OF STUDENT SPACE IMAGINATION IN THE TEACHING OF GRAPHIC SCIENCES AND METHODS
212-214.
27-32.
Oriental Renaissance: Innovative, educational, natural and social sciences Scientific Journal Impact Factor Advanced Sciences Index Factor
VOLUME 2 | ISSUE 4/2 ISSN 2181-1784 SJIF 2022: 5.947 ASI Factor = 1.7
OF USING IT. CURRENT RESEARCH JOURNAL OF PEDAGOGICS, 3(02), 103116. https://doi.org/10.37547/pedagogics-crip-03-02-19
20. Rustam Ravshanovich, J. . (2021). Formation of Creative Abilities of Students by Teaching the Genre "Landscape" of Fine Arts. Spanish Journal of Society and
http://siss.indexedresearch.org/index.php/siss/article/view/1
21. Kozim, M., Zilola, F., &Sanjarbek, S. (2019). DETERMINATION OF THE PARAMETERS OF THE DEFAULT ISOMETRIC VIEW USING METHOD OF RECTANGULAR AUXILIARY PROJECTION. European Journal of Research and Reflection in Educational Sciences Vol, 7(12).
22. Халимов, М. К. Сравнение продуктивности учебной доски и проектора в преподавании предметов, входящих в цикл инженерной графики / М. К. Халимов, Р. Р. Жабборов, Б. Х. Абдуханов, А. А. Мансуров. — Текст : непосредственный // Молодой ученый. — 2018. — № 6 (192). — С. 203-205. — URL: https://moluch.ru/archive/192/48066/
23. Xalimov, M. K., &Asanova, A. S. (2022, January). CHIZMA GEOMETRIYA VA MUHANDISLIK GRAFIKASI FANIDA DIDAKTIK O'YINLARDAN FOYDALANIB TALABALARNING DASTLABKI TUSHUNCHALARINI SHAKLLANTIRISH. In International journal of conference series on education and social sciences (Online) (Vol. 2, No. 1).
24. Гуломова, Н. (2021). "Uzatmalar" mavzusini o 'qitishda "iSpring Quiz Maker" dasturidan foydalanib, talabalarga nostandart testlar orqali bilish faolligini faollashtirish. Общество и инновации, 2(5), 8-18.
25. Адилов, П., Ташимов, Н., &Есбоганова , Б. (2021). МУХДНДИСЛИК ГРАФИКАСИНИ АВТОМАТИК ЧИЗИШ ДАСТУРЛАРИДАН ФОЙДАЛАНИБ У^ИТИШДА ДИДАКТИК МУАММОЛАРНИ ЕЧИШ ЙУЛЛАРИ. Нукусский государственный педагогический институт имени Аджинияза журнал «Фан важамият», 2(2015-2), 34-35. извлечено отhttps://science.ndpi.uz/index.php/science/article/view/68
26. Мурадов, Ш. К., Ташимов, Н. Э., & Рахматова, И. И. (2017). Сечение поверхностей 2-го порядка общего вида по эллипсу заданной площади. Молодой ученый, (50), 99-102.
27. ПОВЕРХНОСТЕЙ, С. 2-ГО ПОРЯДКА ОБЩЕГО ВИДА ПО ЭЛЛИПСУ ЗАДАННОЙ ПЛОЩАДИ МУРАДОВ ШМИДТ КАРИМОВИЧ. ТАШИМОВ НУРЛАН ЭРПОЛАТОВИЧ, РАХМАТОВА ИКБОЛХОН ИНОМЖАНОВНА,
Sustainability, 1,
1-8.
Retrieved
from
Oriental Renaissance: Innovative, educational, natural and social sciences Scientific Journal Impact Factor Advanced Sciences Index Factor
VOLUME 2 | ISSUE 4/2 ISSN 2181-1784 SJIF 2022: 5.947 ASI Factor = 1.7
КУКИЕВ БОБУРМИРЗО БАХОДИР УГЛИ Ташкентский государственный университет имени Низами.
28. Tashimov Nurlan, Samandar Zaitov. (2021) Improving the quality and efficiency of teaching descriptive geometry in a credit-modular system. ACADEMICIA: ANINTERNATIONAL MULTIDISCIPLINARY RESEARCH JOURNAL. Volume:11, Issue:2, pp-730-733. DOI : 10.5958/2249-7137.2021.00398.0
29. Gulomova, N. (2021). "Uzatmalar" mavzusini o'qitishda "iSpring Quiz Maker" dasturidan foydalanib, talabalarga nostandart testlar orqali bilish faolligini faollashtirish. Жамият ва инновациялар, 2(5), 8-18. https://doi.org/10.47689/2181-1415-vol2-iss5-pp8-18
30. Аширбаев, А. (2021). Chizmalarga o 'lcham qo 'yishda yuzaga kelishi mumkin bo 'lgan tipik xatolar va ularning oldini olish omillari. Общество и инновации, 2(3),
7-15.
