CC BY
0УДК 33 Allayarov W., Annageldiyev M., Orazov A.
Allayarov W.
Teacher of the Department of Economic management in enterprises Turkmen State Architecture and Construction Institute (Ashgabat, Turkmenistan)
Annageldiyev M.
Student Faculty of Economics and Management Turkmen State Architecture and Construction Institute (Ashgabat, Turkmenistan)
Orazov A.
Student Faculty of Economics and Management Turkmen State Architecture and Construction Institute (Ashgabat, Turkmenistan)
BASIC PRINCIPLES OF BUSINESS ECONOMICS AND MANAGEMENT AND THEIR MANAGEMENT
Аннотация: this article provides a brief introduction to the basic components of business economics and management and the basic principles of their management. It also discusses key principles for improving mobility, efficiency and effectiveness, productivity and productivity.
Ключевые слова: economics, management, business economics, marketing, productive investments, competitiveness.
Some organizations, such as government task forces created to carry out a specific mission, plan to disband after achieving specific goals. But although this is often not written into the documents, the primary objective of most organizations is to stay active for as long as possible. Although the organization may continue indefinitely, this may be a very long time. Today, the highest figure belongs to the
Roman Catholic Church, which has survived for more than 2,000 years. It is known from history that some governmental organizations have been in operation for hundreds of years. It also manages to stay in the shadows for a long time. For example, certain French wine companies are not as strong today as they were a century ago. But in order to remain strong and active, most organizations have to choose new goals over a period of time, taking into account the changing needs of the outside world. For example, the British monarchy survived as an institution because it agreed to severely curtail its power in response to public pressure for democratization. Almost all business organizations develop new types of goods and services for consumers at some point in time.
Efficiency and usefulness. In order to function successfully (operate and achieve its goals) over the long term, an organization must be useful and efficient. According to P. Drucker, efficiency is conditioned by the ability of the organization to do the right things, and usefulness is conditioned by the ability to do the right things. These two situations are equally important. All of the companies we mentioned as successful companies at the beginning of this section have done the right thing by choosing a goal that meets some important need of the global community. In connection with the Federal Express company, these parcels (banderoles) were to be delivered quickly and reliably, Apple established the production of inexpensive and easy-to-use computers. But more than that, these organizations managed to do things right. Executives at Federal Express have found a way to make package delivery profitable. At McDonalds, they have developed a method of making hamburgers that are inexpensive and consistently high quality. RGA did the right thing by deciding to release computers, as the demand for computers seemed to be increasing steadily, but it was unable to attract top professionals and gain a foothold in the market in the competitive struggle with IBM, i.e. it was not profitable enough.
Productivity. Effectiveness, the ability to "do the right thing" is often intangible and difficult to measure, especially when the organization is operating unprofitably. Profitability, as a rule, can be quantified because inputs and outputs can
be visualized in concrete monetary terms. A certain level of usefulness of an organization is called productivity. It is expressed in quantitative indicators. • Productivity is the ratio of the amount of inputs at the time of input to the amount of output at the time of output. The more useful an organization is, the higher its productivity. In fact, a restaurant with a cost per unit of hamburgers of 60 tenge and a selling price of one mana is more productive than a restaurant that costs 80 tenge per unit of product and sells at one dollar. A collection team that increases the amount of output per hour and has a low rate of waste can also be considered productive. If the quality of the output decreases while the volume of the output increases, or the percentage of waste output increases, it means that the productivity is low. It follows that quality is a key element of productivity.
For an organization to survive and be successful in a specific environment, it must function effectively at all levels. It is known that a buyer with freedom of choice will prefer the product of a productive organization because of its high value. Large volumes of deployment bring a lot of money to productive organizations, which can use this money as capital investment, i.e. to equip their factories well and introduce advanced technologies. All these contribute to further increase in productivity. When the difference between productive and non-productive companies is very high, it is not far to test the non-productive company.
СПИСОК ЛИТЕРАТУРЫ:
1. Law of Turkmenistan "On State Support of Small and Medium Entrepreneurs". - Ashgabat, 2009;
2. Law of Turkmenistan "On Enterprises". - Ashgabat, 2000
