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4УДК 51 Gylyjov S., Geldimyradov G., Myradova M.
Gylyjov S.
Turkmen State Institute of Architecture and Construction (Ashgabat, Turkmenistan)
Geldimyradov G.
Turkmen State Institute of Architecture and Construction (Ashgabat, Turkmenistan)
Myradova M.
Turkmen State Institute of Architecture and Construction (Ashgabat, Turkmenistan)
ANCIENT GREEK MATHEMATICIANS AND THEIR CONTRIBUTIONS TO SCIENCE
Аннотация: this article provides a brief overview of ancient Greek scientists and their origins. It also briefly talks about some of the ancient Greek scientists and their scientific works
Ключевые слова mathematics, ancient greece, ancient greek scientists, beginnings of mathematics, theorem.
In the 6th-4th centuries BC, science and culture developed at a high level in Greece. This is evidenced by historical monuments that have survived to this day. Greece is also the birthplace of the first mathematical theories. The first theories of mathematics go back to the ancient Greek schools. The first scientific teachers of the Greeks were the Egyptians. Ancient Greek scientists took advantage of the freedom of entry into Egypt for foreigners. That is why ancient Greek scientists often went to the "State of the Pyramids" to study the culture and science of the Egyptians. At that time, this state was also a trading center. The ancient Greeks not only learned mathematical theories from the Egyptians, who also engaged in trade. This led to the
development of mathematics among the Greeks. They remain at a high level in science, technology and culture. Euclid, Pythagoras, Archimedes, Diaphon and other scientists made a great contribution to the development of mathematics in Ancient Greece. Euclid, who lived in the 3rd century BC, made great contributions to mathematical science. He wrote a work called "Principia", consisting of 13 books on geometry. In the works of Euclid, the logical side of geometry is raised to a very high level. Information from the Beginning is also used in modern high school textbooks. In Ancient Greece, special schools were created for the study of sciences. One such school is the school of Pythagoras (570-500 BC). Ancient Greek scientists were not only interested in geometry, but also made significant advances in number theory. The works of the famous philosopher and mathematician Pythagoras and his students received great fame in this area. Pythagoras and his students also achieved great scientific results in number theory. Today in our secondary schools we study the Pythagorean theorem, which was proven in Pythagorean schools. Among mathematicians of the Arab East, this theorem is known as the bride's theorem. 20 There is a legend that Pythagoras sacrificed 100 bulls to God after proving his famous theorem. This legend, told by Diogenes and Plutarch, may be fiction. Because, as you know, Pythagoras was a vegetarian, did not eat meat, ate only plants and dairy products, and was against killing and shedding the blood of animals. Although Pythagoras is a mathematician for us, his contemporaries in ancient times considered him not a mathematician, but primarily a religious man who was granted wisdom by God. Pythagoras was born on the island of Samos into a Gikmonian family. There are many legends about the life of the scientist. It is difficult to determine whether they are close to the truth. According to some sources, Pythagoras was born around 580 BC. e. and died around 500 BC. e. In his youth, Pythagoras traveled extensively throughout Egypt to study science. He lived in Babylon for 12 years and studied astronomy with local scientists. Returning from Egypt in 530 BC, Pythagoras founded his own school in his homeland. But the people of Samos are opposed to this. Because of this, Pythagoras had to leave his homeland. He is in the Greek colony of Croton on the Apennine Peninsula, where he is rebuilding his
school. Pythagoras founded his school as a secret society with a strictly limited number of aristocratic students, and getting into it was not easy. Those admitted to the school had to pass several tests.
None of Pythagoras' manuscripts have survived. The famous Pythagorean theorem also has a very long and rich history. Today, this theorem has more than a hundred proofs. They cannot be proved by the students of Pythagoras. This theorem was already known in China, Babylonians, and Egypt. They solved the problem using this theorem. Its proof was proved by the school of Pythagoras. At that time, the field known as algebraic geometry was widely used.
In addition to the theorem named after the famous Pythagoras, the sum of interior angles of a triangle, the graphical solution of quadratic equations, and several other theorems are associated with the name of this scientist. The Pythagorean Hill has a very rich history. Apparently, this theorem was already known to the Egyptians, Babylonians, Chinese and Indians. Pythagoras' own proof of this theorem has not reached us. To date, more than 100 proofs of this theorem are known.
СПИСОК ЛИТЕРАТУРЫ:
1. G. Shadurdyev, S. Khanov - History and principles of mathematics, Ashgabat 2010;
2. Allakov M. Great scientists of Ancient Greece, Ashgabat 2010
