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79ABOUT MONOLITHIC REINFORCED CONCRETE STRUCTURES IN
CONSTRUCTION
Bakhromjon Adhamovich Yusufjon Amonovich Jasurbek Halimjon o'g'li Otakulov Isoyev Salimjonov
Fergana Polytechnic Institute
ABSTRACT
Construction of buildings and structures in the monolithic method reduces construction time, sharply reduces installation work, increases the strength of the building.
Keywords: heavy metal molds, monolithic method, cellular concrete
In the construction industry of developed countries, the construction of buildings and structures on the basis of monolithic reinforced concrete is a topical issue. The monolithic construction system is characterized by the casting of reinforced concrete products and structures into prefabricated prefabricated molds of any shape.
When buildings and structures are built in a monolithic way, construction time is reduced, installation work is sharply reduced, the strength of the building is increased, and there is no need for a warehouse on the construction site. Today, the use of universal molds made of lightweight metal and fiberglass instead of heavy metal molds has led to the further development of monolithic construction systems. Monolithic reinforced concrete structures are mainly made of heavy and porous aggregates. The walls of residential buildings can be built on the basis of cellular concrete. Monolithic construction of special structures uses very heavy, heat-resistant, resistant to aggressive environments and other types of concrete.
Reinforcement for monolithic reinforced concrete is made in the form of large carcass blocks and nets at the factory or in the reinforcement shop directly near the construction site.
The concrete mix is prepared at a reinforced concrete plant or at a concrete mixing center at the construction site.
The factory-made concrete mix can be hauled by trucks in short distances. The concrete mix must not be layered during transportation, and its composition must not change under the influence of atmospheric factors. Prevention of dehydration is especially important in the dry and hot climate of Uzbekistan during the transportation of concrete mixes.
Currently, the use of concrete mix in the construction system in the form of dry mixing and mixing with water directly on the site gives very good results. Delivery of concrete mix at the construction site is done by crane, conveyor, concrete pump or pipes
SCIENTIFIC PROGRESS
VOLUME 2 I ISSUE 7 I 2021 ISSN: 2181-1601
operated by compressed air. The concrete mix can be transported up to 150 m using a compressed air-operated tubular transport.
Monolithic reinforced concrete structures are poured continuously or periodically in the form of individual blocks or sections. The continuous method is used when there are no seams in the building and there are special requirements for the concrete composition.
Reinforced concrete structures with pre-stressed reinforcement, foundations operating under the influence of dynamic stresses, etc. are made in a continuous way. Massive structures (dams, cooling towers, foundations) are divided into blocks with working joints, as deformation caused by temperature and penetration can damage the integrity of the structure.
The concrete mix is poured in layers and compacted using internal vibrators. Once the concrete mix is poured into the mold, it is cared for until the concrete reaches the strength in the project. In order to ensure the hydration of the cement, it is necessary to maintain the required temperature and relative humidity. When monolithic concreting is carried out in the summer, the freshly poured concrete surface should be protected from drying out and precipitation. It is recommended to sprinkle with moisture-retaining wood chips, sand, slag powder or cover with polymer films, hemp fabric. Water is allowed to be sprayed on the vertical part of the concrete where the molds are removed. In the dry and hot climate of Uzbekistan, pouring monolithic concrete requires special measures. At the same time, it is necessary to pay special attention to the transportation, molding, especially maintenance of the concrete mix. Lining materials (polyethylene, polypropylene film, etc.) or film-forming polymers (ethinol lacquers, gel polymers) are used for the maintenance of concrete in the construction of high-surface reinforced concrete monolithic structures for roads, airfields and the like.
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