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23ABDURAUF FITRAT: THE "FAMILY" AND ITS ROLE IN SOCIETY
Dilshod Kamiljonovich Saibov
Lecturer of "Methods of History Teaching" Department, NSPI
ABSTRACT
In this article, the author reveals the importance of the family in society, with the words of the famous Jadid Abdurauf Fitrat. Moreover, researcher decided to show that the fundamental and philosophical and scientific heritage of Fitrat, which plays a significant role of today's every oriental society. Moreover author indicates that family plays a key role not only for the salvation of society, but also of nations and people, because over the last period quantity of devorce are increasing much and it demands to tackle the current issue on time.
Keywords: jadid scholar, family, divorce, family ties, nations and peoples, unifying traditions and saving.
INTRODUCTION
The development and well-being of society is mainly related to the spiritual image and fate of families in this society. Therefore, during the years of independence, Uzbekistan has paid great attention to families and passed many important decisions and laws protecting and guaranteeing their social rights.
METHODOLOGY
One of the Jadidist intellectuals who fought for independence and freedom, the great scholar Abdurauf Fitrat also repeatedly emphasizes in his writings that the development of society and the destiny of the nation are related to the destiny of the family, its stability and prosperity. "The happiness and glory of any nation depends, of course, on the inner discipline and harmony of that nation. Peace and harmony are based on the discipline of the families of that nation. Where family relationships are based on strong discipline, there is a country and a nation," Fitrat wrote in "Family."
Abdurauf Fitrat's 1914 book "The Family or the Order of Family Management" is an ideal guide to the family, and it is very relevant and important today. In the play, the writer thinks as a sharp expert in law, sociology, pedagogy and medicine, as he draws on a deep and extensive knowledge, knowledge of religious and secular sciences.
The first part of the book discusses marriage, the necessity of marriage for human health and social development, how many wives can be in a marriage, how to choose a wife, how to conduct a wedding, relationships after marriage, and even the culture of divorce. Fitrat cites examples from hadiths, Qur'anic verses, and the scientific writings
of a number of scholars to show that his views are consistent with the demands of science and religion.
For example, he cites the following hadith to show that marriage is a requirement of both God and society: "The worst of you are those who do not marry," "Get married and raise your prestige, and on the Day of Resurrection I will be proud of your abundance." He gives examples of states gaining power and honor with large populations. The rate of reproduction of a number of nations and their development is analyzed. As an example, the following analysis by Fitratt: ". It is interesting that there is no difference in knowledge and practice between the English and Belgian nations. Where, then, is such a great difference in the chapter of honor and glory? The answer can be found in the total population of both nations, that is, the English nation has a population of 44 million. and the Belgians 7.5 million. This is why the overall efforts and practices of the British nation are many times more productive than those of the Belgians. "[1-122] Fitrat advises young men who want to marry to have a medical examination: "...every boy and girl who wants to marry should see some knowledgeable doctor beforehand." If he is ill, he is advised to marry after treatment and not to marry if the pain is incurable. He believes that it is advisable for two young men to get to know each other and marry after marriage, and writes, ". marriage is the union of one man and one woman. In particular, it means being a partner in life with love and affection ... To be together in difficult life, to be a partner in physical and mental repose, to be a guide in the performance of human duties, to care in times of sorrow and despair, to accompany each other in times of happiness and bliss. lrozim. The woman should be well aware of her position as a man, and the young man as a girl, and then they should marry.
DISCUSSION
Fitrat believes that the following four things should be considered in marriage: wealth, ancestry, beauty, and faith. According to him, the wealth and lineage of a young man and a young woman dreaming of marriage should be about the same. Otherwise, the writer writes, husband and wife are not equal, and if one is rich and wealthy, the other is constantly tormented, accusing the other of poverty and inferiority.
Commenting on beauty, he said: "Jamal (beauty) means to look good, that is, to look beautiful in the eyes of the person looking at him, and to make his heart incline toward him. This tendency in the heart can be called love ... If there is no such tendency and love between them (boy and girl), the marriage will destroy itself. "[1-124]
RESULTS
The fourth quality is the faith and piety of the boy and girl, which Fitrat sees in their inner beauty, kindness, and later emphasized as the most important thing in raising children. According to him, a young man and a young woman who dream of marriage
should marry after examining their mutual circumstances, when their background and wealth are compatible, they like their inner and outer beauty, and they agree to marry. If neither of them agrees, that marriage should be abandoned.
Fitrat's work also touches on the problem of weddings. Demonstrating the great educational value of weddings, the amusement at weddings condemns extravagance and wastefulness.
CONCLUSION
We have tried to quote some of Abdurauf Fitrat's thoughts on family and family relations in the pages of our article. His ideas about raising children are still relevant today, and we can apply all their positive and exemplary aspects to our lives.
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