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МЕЖДУНАРОДНЫЙ НАУЧНЫЙ ЖУРНАЛ «ИННОВАЦИОННАЯ НАУКА» №11-3/2016 ISSN 2410-6070
КУЛЬТУРОЛОГИЯ
УДК 008
Буряк Н.Ю.
Кандидат культурологии, доцент кафедры технологий сервиса и деловых коммуникаций Академии маркетинга и социально-информационных технологий - ИМСИТ
г. Краснодар, Российская Федерация
A DIALOGUE OF CULTURES IN THE MODERN GLOBALIZING WORLD
Abstract
This article is devoted to the questions of dialogue of cultures in the modern globalizing world. Society is examined as a carrier of the symbolic cultural programs, which can develop only on condition of maintenance, cooperation and progress of its ethnoses, their languages and cultures.
Keywords
Culture, cultural values, national culture, dialogue of cultures, cultural elements, mentality.
Today there are more than five hundred uses of the term "culture" in various branches of science and practice. The most successful definition of this term for social science is given by the English ethnographer E. Taylor: "Culture is a complex whole which includes knowledge, belief, art, morals, laws, customs and other capabilities and habits acquired by man as a member of the society" [4]. In the broadest context, a synonym of the word "culture" is the term "civilization". In a narrow sense, this term refers to the artistic, spiritual culture.
The phenomenon of culture is the selection of certain types of behavior and experience of people. The poetic phrase "custom-despot among men," shows that people themselves create such cultural images, which subsequently are subject. It is obvious that values, targets, technology for future action are formed in the process of internal activity
[3].
Culture is the originator of the content, the style of all the practical life. Of course, it feels an active influence of the environment, the socio - economic circumstances, is modified. According to the analysis of the data of sociological research in contemporary Russian society there are several basic kinds of mentality:
1) Soviet - socialist mentality as a result of the old social order, preservation of Soviet socialist traditions;
2) Pro-Western - capitalist mentality as a result of changes in the socio-political system, market-oriented reforms, the impact of cultural norms specific to North America and Western Europe;
3) Orthodox-Russian mentality, which has deep roots in the millennial Orthodox tradition;
4) Criminal -mafia mentality flourishes in the new socio - economic conditions;
5) Mosaic-pragmatic pseudomentality, a product of mass culture, a conglomerate of several fragments of mentalities.
Values are defining element of culture, its core. Culture in a value aspect is a kind of social mechanism that detects, organizes, arranges, stores, transmits values in society. The integrity of the culture always involves synthesis between universal values and national culture.
One of the most amazing properties of culture lies in the fact that for any progress in any admission of universal values, it can, developing, preserve their national identity. In the context of modern integration processes of Western culture, which is based on the Christian religion, is strongly influenced by Islamic, Oriental culture, etc.
The modern world is characterized by openness to cultural systems, their diversity. It is more interesting to live in such world, and the answers to the challenges are easier to find. Today we can talk about cultural supersystems, their diversity [1].
The culture of contemporary society is a set of the most different layers of culture, that is, it consists of the dominant culture and subcultures, and even counterculture. The twentieth century has been called the century of "ecumenical meeting" of peoples and cultures. The values of one culture cannot claim to be universal. Cultural differences pose certain psychological, economic and political barriers to solving global, universal problems. The
МЕЖДУНАРОДНЫЙ НАУЧНЫЙ ЖУРНАЛ «ИННОВАЦИОННАЯ НАУКА» №11-3/2016 ISSN 2410-6070 dialogue of cultures helps to overcome the potential and real contradictions.
The dialogue of cultures, including people of two or more cultures, leads to changes in their mutual assessments and mutually enriching results of intellectual and material work. The dialogue of cultures is based on cooperation, carried out at different levels:
1) Interpersonal (meeting people of different cultures);
2) Professional (business trips of representatives of various professions);
3) Traditional (contacts ethnicities, nations large and small);
4) State (co-operation of state and political structures);
5) International (activities of international organizations).
Dialogue is characterized by free and open exchange of cultural heritage of society. This exchange can occur only in peaceful coexistence, precluding the methods of violence, military - political, economic and other pressures.
Any culture will never find the fullness only in itself. It is necessary to hear the voices of other cultures to preserve their uniqueness and feel the voice of a stranger as a particular view of the world. Dialogue is comprehensive, universal by nature [2]. Conversation enriches the partners, because each sees it not as the limits of their capabilities, as well as the expansion of these opportunities. Each of the cultures should perceive the experience of other cultures, not only as an equal, but as enriching their own culture. Another culture is interesting and valuable precisely because of its features and differences, by means of which it speaks to us. Every culture contains within itself an alternative to the development of various social relations.
Thus, the result of the dialogue of cultures is an understanding and acceptance of differences between people of another culture from its borrowing values of its spiritual and material life. Respect for the values of other societies helps the stabilization and harmonization of interethnic and international relations, contributes to the strengthening of security and peace in the world. But what is particularly important in the process of mutual cultural exchange is to create new, intercultural values. References:
1. Буряк Н.Ю. Культура языковой личности в поликультурной среде ВУЗа. Дисс.. на соиск. степени к. культурологии. КГУКИ.- Краснодар,2012.-С.100-157, 291с.
2. Буряк Н.Ю. Лингвопедагогическая культура: учебное пособие для студентов направления подготовки бакалавриата.- Краснодар: Издательский дом «ХОРС», 2013.- 404с.
3. Павелко Н.Н. Педагогическая культурология: монография. - Краснодар: Издательский дом «ХОРС», 2009. - 556с
4.Степанов Ю.С. Константы. Словарь русской культуры. Опыт исследования.- М., 1997.
. © Буряк Н.Ю., 2016
