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МЕЖДУНАРОДНЫЙ НАУЧНЫЙ ЖУРНАЛ «ИННОВАЦИОННАЯ НАУКА» №10-3/2016 ISSN 2410-6070
КУЛЬТУРОЛОГИЯ
УДК 008
Буряк Н.Ю.
Кандидат культурологии, доцент кафедры технологий сервиса и деловых коммуникаций Академии маркетинга и социально-информационных технологий - ИМСИТ
г. Краснодар, Российская Федерация
CROSS-CULTURAL AWARENESS Abstract
The article deals with the importance of cultural awareness for businesspeople when they go abroad. It also gives some cultural advice and factors which are thought to be the most important in creating a culture.
Keywords
Cultural awareness, culture, globalization, cultural values, behaviors.
It may be true that cultures are becoming more alike under the effect of globalisation and mass tourism. However, there often remains a gap between any two given cultures.
hat enables us to bridge this gap is often called cultural awareness. Empathy, i.e., openness of mind and heart, with willingness to the step into someone else's shoes, is a necessary condition for such an awareness to develop. However, empathy on its own is not enough. We also need to develop an ability to look at our culture from the outside. This process should make us realise that all the behaviours, beliefs and values that we have always taken for granted may indeed appear strange to someone from another cultural group. In other words, we need to be able both to make the strange look familiar, and make the familiar look strange. If we can achieve this, then we can much develop what some sociologists call our cross—cultural awareness[1].
As the world gets smaller, we need to learn more about each other's values, beliefs, habits and expectations. Culture is, in the famous phrase, the way we do things around here. The 'here' in question may be a country, a region, a social class, a company, a university. Clearly, we each live in a set of cultures and subcultures that interlock in complex ways, and, to make a generalization, one if the most dangerous thing is to generalize about them. Stereotypes are, of course, to be handled with caution. The stereotype may represent the middle of a range of differing behaviors, it may be at one extreme, or it may just not be true. And there may be more variety in behavior within a culture than between one culture and another one [2].
Don't give a business gift until you receive one. Your gift should be a well-known brand name. Gifts of alcohol or crafts from your own country are often good choices. Avoid giving gifts showing your company's logo.
Hospitality plays a key role in business culture. Regardless of how you feel, refusing an invitation of any kind may give offence. The business breakfast is almost unheard of. Rare exceptions may be found in the major cities, Business dinners involve only a small exclusive group.
The hosts usually set the subject of conversation. They will normally begin with polite enquiries (How are you? How are you enjoying your visit? etc). If others arrived before you, your hosts will often tell you the subject of the previous conversation and invite you to contribute.
Giving gifts in the UAE is more complex than in other countries. This is partly because of the mixture of nationalities: each nationality has different tastes and customs. Also, nearly everything can be purchased in the UAE less expensively than elsewhere in the world. As a gesture of respect, your host is likely to open and carefully examine your gift in your presence. It is important that your gift is the best you can afford to avoid embarrassment.
Sharing a meal is considered the best way for people to get to know one another. Locals often entertain at home but they will accept a foreigner's invitation to a hotel or restaurant. Hospitality in the UAE is very important but should not be interpreted as future commercial success. There are local customs to be aware of, for example, it is considered bad manners to either eat or offer something with the left hand.
Culture is broadly defined as a complex of core values and beliefs created by society, handed down from
МЕЖДУНАРОДНЫЙ НАУЧНЫЙ ЖУРНАЛ «ИННОВАЦИОННАЯ НАУКА» №10-3/2016 ISSN 2410-6070 generation, and reinforced by such social institutions as schools and churches. Consciously or unconsciously, cultural values exert pressures on people to behave in certain acceptable ways [3]. The solution of the most difficult socioeconomic, educational, scientific and technical, political, ecological and other tasks, the society faces at the modern stage, actualized the problems of culture and human as its carrier. These are all interesting areas for discussion, bearing in mind that we are not judging whether other ways of doing things are right or wrong, but that we should be aware of the differences, are not see our own culture as the 'normal' one. References:
1. A.Ya. Flier. The culturology for the culture experts: instructional aid for postgraduates and research students, doctoral candidates and persons seeking academic degrees, as well as instructors in culturology. - M.: Academic project, 2000. [Electronic resourse].// Mode of access: URL: http://www.countries.ru/library/politic/newcp.htm.
2. Буряк Н..Ю. Лингвопедагогическая культура: учебное пособие для студентов направления подготовки бакалавриата.-Краснодар: Издательский дом «ХОРС», 2013.- 404с.
3. Буряк Н.Ю. Лингвокультурология: учебное пособие для аспирантов научной специальности «Теория и история культуры».- Краснодар: Издательский дом «ХОРС», 2013.- 364с.
© Буряк Н.Ю., 2016
УДК 009
О. А. Снеговая
К.филос.н.
Южный федеральный университет г. Ростов-на-Дону, Российская Федерация
ИНФОРМАТИЗАЦИЯ КАК ФАКТОР КУЛЬТУРНОЙ ДИНАМИКИ
Аннотация
Автор выделяет в качестве одного из доминирующих факторов культурной динамики информатизацию, которая кардинально трансформирует не только коммуникации, но и образ жизни человека как субъекта культуры. Информатизация, с одной стороны, способствует интеграции социокультурных систем, культурной диффузии, а с другой - обостряет проблему сохранения национально-этнической культурной идентичности.
Ключевые слова
Информатизация, культурная динамики, информационный взрыв, информационное неравенство, интеграция, самобытность.
Каждый исторический этап глобализационного процесса имеет свою определенную форму и содержательное наполнение. Начало собственно глобализации датируют второй половиной XX века, которое совпало с динамичными процессами в национальных культурах, обострением проблемы национальной идентичности.
Одним из влиятельных факторов, определяющих содержание культурной динамики, выступает информатизация. Мощнейший импульс к усилению культурной глобализации придал процесс консолидации мировых медиа систем. Достижения новейших информационных технологий ускоряют и активизируют процессы аккультурации и ассимиляции, повышая интенсивность обмена элементами материальной и духовной культуры, формируя транснациональные средства медиа, идеологии. Повсеместное распространение информационных и компьютерных технологий позволило снять пространственно-временные барьеры на пути взаимодействия народов, этносов и отдельных личностей.
Радикальный прорыв в области информатизации возвестил о наступлении информационной эпохи,
