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9Humanity space International almanac VOL. 2, No 1, 2013: 238-246
The longicorn beetle genus Oligoenoplus Chevrolat, 1863 (Coleoptera: Cerambycidae) in China
A.I. Miroshnikov
Russian Entomological Society (Kuban Branch), Krasnodar, Russia e-mail: [email protected]
Sochi National Park, Moskovskaya str., 21, Sochi, Krasnodar region 354002 Russia
Key words: Coleoptera, Cerambycidae, Anaglyptini, Oligoenoplus, Anaglyptus, new species, little-known species, China.
Abstract: Although Oligoenoplus species are known to be mostly confined to the Oriental Region, only two congeners appear to currently occur in China. One of them, from Sichuan, is new: Oligoenoplus gonggashanus sp. n. It somewhat resembles the second Chinese congener, O. modicus Holzschuh, 2011, described recently from Henan, as well as O. rosti (Pic, 1911), widespread in Japan and the Kurile Islands, but differs securely from both latter taxa by a whole number of characters. The sole species until rather recently believed to represent Oligoenoplus in China (Catalogue ..., 2010) actually belongs to a different genus, thus becoming Anaglyptus annulicornis (Pic, 1933), comb. n. Its type locality is precised. Some characters in Oligoenoplus species, including body size, are also discussed.
INTRODUCTION
Globally, the genus Oligoenoplus Chevrolat, 1863 encompasses at least 16 species and belongs to the tribe Anaglyptini Lacordaire, 1868. Most of the species are Oriental (Indo-Malayan) in distribution. The northernmost congener, O. rosti (Pic, 1911), populates Japan and the Kurile Islands. Ikeda (1987) certainly errs when treating a Nearctic species of Microclytus LeConte, 1873, namely, M. compressicollis (Castelnau et Gory, 1841), as well as the European Anaglyptus mysticus (Linnaeus, 1758) as representing Oligoenoplus.
Based on the latest catalogue (Catalogue., 2010), until recently only one species of Oligoenoplus was formally known from China, namely, O. annulicornis Pic, 1933, described from Sichuan (Pic, 1933). Another species has since been added, O. modicus Holzschuh, 2011, from Henan (Holzschuh, 2011), thus exhausting all available information on Oligoenoplus in China.
A study both of some material from China and of literature
data allows for not only a new species to be discriminated and described, but also O. annulicornis to be newly transferred to Anaglyptus Mulsant, 1839. As a result, Oligoenoplus appears to be represented in the fauna of China by two species, both considered below.
MATERIAL
The types of the new species described herewith are kept in the collection of Mikhail Danilevsky (cMD), Moscow, Russia.
RESULTS
Oligoenoplus Chevrolat, 1863
Oligoenoplus Chevrolat, 1863: 337. Type species Oligoenoplus ventralis Chevrolat, 1863: 337 (South India), by monotypy. J. Thomson, 1864: 195; Gahan, 1906: 301; Aurivilius, 1912: 416; Kojima, Hayashi, 1969: 86; Hayashi, 1979: 29; Hudepohl, 1992: 322; Catalogue ..., 2010: 145.
Oligoenoplus modicus Holzschuh, 2011
(Figs 3, 4)
Oligoenoplus modicus Holzschuh, 2011: 320, Abb. 63a, 63b. Type locality: China, Henan Province, Funiu Shan, Baotianman, 33°50'N, 111°90'E (according to the original description).
Remarks. The original description and quality colour pictures of both male holotype and female paratype of this species (Figs 3 & 4) are quite sufficient for securely distinguishing it from the new congener described below.
Oligoenoplus gonggashanus Miroshnikov, sp. n.
(Figs 1, 2)
Diagnosis. The new species somewhat resembles O. rosti (Pic, 1911) and O. modicus Holzschuh, 2011, but differs well from both by the elytra considerably attenuating apicad, their apex being narrower than in the two species compared. In addition, antennomere 3 in O.
gonggashanus sp. n. is much shorter in relation the 4th than in the above two species compared, the ratios of antennomere 3 to antennomeres 5-7 also being different. Besides this, the pronotum is equipped with only few, long, thin, erect setae, yet coupled with a contrasting (like the elytral pattern) light clothing of recumbent setae in its basal part, at the apex and on its sides. The elytral pattern and a few more characters in the new species are peculiar as well. Description. Body length 9.5-11 mm, humeral width 2.4-2.9 mm. Black, antennae red, male antennomere 1 strongly, mostly dorsally blackish, female one only partly infuscate, in both sexes antennomeres 3-5 infuscate at apex; femora basally, tibiae and tarsi completely or nearly completely red, male ones being partly darker than female ones; elytra appearing reddish apically.
Head dorsally with coarse fused puncturation mostly forming a meshwork, with well-developed antennal tubercles; male antennae slightly longer than body, in female reaching the front edge of apical elytral fascia; antennomere 2 slightly longitudinal, 3rd one 1.3 times longer than 4th and subequal to each of antennomeres 5, 6 or 7; internal apical angle of antennomeres 3-5 with a small, but evident spine, this being better developed in 3rd.
Pronotum scarcely longitudinal, barely broader at apex than at base, disc very faintly convex behind middle, surface of pronotum with coarse, dense, mostly fused and irregular puncturation.
Scutellum triangular, longitudinal, somewhat roughly sculptured and with only few punctures.
Elytra evidently attenuating from base towards apex, 2.652.69 times as long as broad at base, considerably elevated basally and here in male flanked on each side of suture by a keel-shaped longitudinal elevation not traceable in female; each elytron abruptly narrowed at apex, narrowly rounded at margin, with rather fine, in places thinned out or condensed and even fused puncturation; humeral angle rounded.
Process of presternum about twice as narrow as that of mesosternum; metasternum with a clear-cut axial suture, finely and moderately densely punctured; sternites with irregular, in places condensed puncturation, punctures being much more sparse and coarse; last visible sternite in male truncate at apex, faintly and narrowly excavate, versus evidently impressed towards and broadly
rounded at apex in female.
Legs slender, moderately elongate, femora clearly claviform; metatarsomere 1, 1.37-1.4 times longer than both following metatarsomeres combined.
Head mostly, pronotum laterally, at base (like a broad, posteriad strongly concave fascia) and apex (like a comparatively narrow fascia), scutellum, elytra mainly with fasciae, presternum, partly mesosternum, entire metasternum, as well as partly sternites and legs clothed with recumbent white setae, the setation generally being denser in male, and the most dense on mesepimera, along upper border and at apex of metepisterna, at apex of metasternum, on sides of apical part of visible sternite 1, and at bases of visible sternites 2-4; antennae clothed with fine and white pubescence; each elytron with a humeral spot, a narrow oblique fascia in basal third, a similarly narrow, oblique, but shorter fascia (clearly not reaching the lateral margins of elytra) in front of middle, a transverse, moderately broad fascia behind middle, these latter two fasciae even partly not being fused to each other, and finally a broad apical fascia with its apicalmost part free from dense setation to about the length of last metatarsomere; pronotum on disc and both elytra mostly between fasciae with more or less dense, recumbent, dark setation; head, antennae, legs and venter with more or less long, thin, sparse, erect or suberect, light setae, these being dense mainly at apex of male abdomen; pronotum with similar, but few setae on sides, as well as at base and apex, such setae being absent from disc, but comparatively more numerous on elytral disc and the longest at base of elytra. Material. Holotype, male (cMD), China, Sichuan Prov., Luding, Gongga Shan, upper Hailuogou Valley, 2700-3200 m, 29°35'N, 101°59'E, coniferous forest, 4.07.1994, K. & B. Brezina leg.; 1 paratype, female (cMD), with the same label.
Name. The species epithet derives from Gongga Shan, the name of one of China's most picturesque mountains in Sichuan Province, whence the types have been taken.
Anaglyptus annulicornis (Pic, 1933), comb. n.
Oligoenoplus annulicornis Pic, 1933: 6 («Chine: Nitou Tatsienhu (sic!) Szechuan»).
Type locality: see remarks below. Hua, 1982: 44 (anulicornis, sic!);
Catalogue ..., 2010: 145.
Remarks. Pic (1933) provided the following original description of Oligoenoplus annulicornis: "Elongatus, niger, luteo pubescens, thorace nigro bimaculato, elytris in singulo longitudinaliter nigro 4 maculatis; antennis sat brevibus, nigris, apice brunnescentibus, articulis 3 et sequantibus ad basin griseo pubescentibus. Capite minute; thorace parum elongato, lateraliter subarcuato; elytris thorace valde latioribus, elongatis, postice attenuatis, apice truncatis, externe dentatis, minute et dense punctatis, ad basin paulo elevatis et infra humeros minute excavatis, humeris glabris; femoribus diverse clavatis. Long. 17 mill. Chine: Nitou Tatsienhu (sic!) Szechuan (coll. Em. Reitter). Espèce très distincte par son revêtement (mimant celui de C. (Chlorophorus, emphases mine) glabromaculatus Goeze) joint à ses antennes annelées de gris."
Some of the characters, in particular body size and the shape of the external angles of the elytral apices, as well as the pattern on the pronotum and elytra so far as presently known in various Oligoenoplus species might justly allow the reader to question Pic's generic allocation. Gressitt (1951) ignored it altogether. It is noteworthy that the maximum body size in Oligoenoplus spp., 13 mm, has been recorded in O. tonkinensis Schwarzer, 1926, followed by 8.5-11.3 mm in O. albofasciatus Dauber, 2006, 9.5-11 mm in O. gonggashanus sp. n. (see above), 7-11 mm in O. ventralis Chevrolat, 1863 (Chevrolat, 1863; Gahan, 1906), 6-11 mm in O. rosti (Pic, 1911) (Pic, 1911; Kojima, Hayashi, 1969; Kusama, Takakuwa, 1984; Ikeda, 1987), 10.2 mm in O. candidus Holzschuh, 2011, 8-10 mm in O. murinus (Allard, 1894) (Allard, 1894; Gahan, 1906), 7.9-9.7 mm in O. vetulus Holzschuh, 2011, 6.1-9.2 mm in O. modicus Holzschuh, 2011, 7-9 mm in O. luzonicus Schwarzer, 1926, 7.1-8.1 mm in O. chewi Dauber, 2006, 6.9-8 mm in O. fulgidipennis Holzschuh, 2011, 7.3 mm in O. heteros Dauber, 2008, 7 mm in O. olivaceosignatus Hayashi, 1979, 6-7 mm in O. variicornis Aurivillius, 1924 or 6.5 mm in O. malayanus Hayashi, 1979. The
external apical angle in Oligoenoplus spp. is always rounded, devoid at least of a clear-cut tooth or denticle.
In an attempt to relocate and revise the type of O. annulicornis, I have failed to find anything helpful in the literature. That the holotype is absent from the collection of the "Musée National de Prague" (http://lully.snv.jussieu.fr/titan/) has been confirmed by Vitezslav Kubân (Nârodni Museum Prague, Czech Republic) (personal communication of 03.12.2012). A similar outcome has been achieved when searching in the Muséum national d'Histoire naturelle in Paris, France in September 2012 (Sergey Murzin, personal communication), where the bulk of the Pic Collection is housed. Nor has the type been traced in the Természettudomânyi Mûzeum, Budapest, Hungary) (Otto Merkl, personal communication of 17.09.2012). The same concerns the Slezské zemské muzeum (Opava, Czech Republic) (Jindrich Rohâcek, personal communication of 04.12.2012), these two latter museums being amongst the main repositories where the Reitter Collection is currently stored. Fortunately, Vitezslav Kubân has finally found out the holotype of O. annulicornis to actually be kept in the Naturhistorisches Museum Basel, Switzerland, incorporated there together with the Frey Collection. Furthermore, Lubos Dembicky (Brno, Czech Republic), who took a quality picture of the holotype while in Basel in 2001 (personal communication of 17.01.2013), has very kindly shared it with me.
As a result, based both on the original description and the picture by Dembicky, I have no doubt to formally transfer O. annulicornis to Anaglyptus, comb. n.
As regards the type locality, "Tatsienhu" as given by Pic (1933: 6) is only a slightly misspelled "Tatsienlu", which in its turn represents an old name for Kangding County. The misspelling "Tatsienhu" is repeated in the description of a different species on the same page, but on page 7, this time referring to yet another species, "Tatsienlu" is quoted correctly. Maybe these are simply misprints, but this mistake might have concerned the original labels as well.
The current subgeneric classification of Anaglyptus is so deficient that I am inclined to avoid the use of any subgenus name to allocate a species of this genus.
Acknowledgements. I am most grateful to Mikhail Danilevsky, who kindly rendered to me for study the material of the new species described above. Vitezslav KubM, Ottó Merkl, Sergey Murzin, Jindrich Rohácek, as well as Alexey Solodovnikov (Natural History Museum of Denmark, Copenhagen) and Tomás Tichy (Opava, Czech Republic) most helpfully looked for, but only Vitezslav KubM finally succeeded, to relocate the holotype of Oligoenoplus annulicornis. Lubos Dembicky very skillfully photographed the types of O. modicus Holzschuh, 2011 and the holotype of Anaglyptus annulicornis, and he also very kindly allowed me to use some of them in this paper. Sergey Kakunin (Krasnodar, Russia) helped a lot in preparing the illustrations for the present publication. Special thanks go to Meiying Lin (Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China) for some clarifications concerning the Chinese localities.
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Figs 1-4. Oligoenoplus species from China:
1-2. O. gonggashanus Miroshnikov, sp. n.: 1 - male, holotype; 2 - female, paratype; 3-4. O. modicus Holzschuh, 2011 (after Holzschuh, 2011, but photographs in colour, reproduced courtesy of Lubos Dembicky): 3 - male, holotype; 4 - female, paratype.
Received: 09.02.2013 Accepted: 11.02.2013
