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Bauyetdinov M.J., doctor of Philosophy in Economics (PhD)
associate professor department of Finance Tashkent State University of Economics
Djumaniyazov U.I.
1st year basic doctoral student (PhD) Karakalpakstan institute of agriculture and agrotechnologies
THE ROLE OF INVESTMENTS IN THE AGRICULTURE OF THE REPUBLIC OF KARAKALPAKSTAN
Annotation. It is not difficult to understand that the future development of Uzbekistan, as well as the Republic of Karakalpakstan and the world economy, is mainly due to investments, which is almost realized by a military specialist and a business entity today, and now the wider involvement of investments in the economy of our republic, in particular foreign investments in essential. The importance of investments in the social, economic and political development of the Republic of Karakalpakstan, including foreign investments, is great. In particular, this article analyzes the investments in agriculture of the Republic of Karakalpakstan and their role in the economic development of the country.
Keywords: economy, sectors, agriculture, investment, Uzbekistan, Karakalpakstan, capital.
On October 23, 2019, the decree of the president of the Republic of Uzbekistan "on approval of the strategy of agricultural development of the Republic of Uzbekistan for 2020-2030s" was adopted [1]. The main goal of this strategy is to radically improve public policy in the further deepening of reforms aimed at increasing the competitive tolerance of the agricultural and food sector, covering the following priorities:
8. Ensuring the food security of the population;
9. Creating a comfortable agribusiness environment and value added chain;
10. Reducing state participation in industry management and increasing investment attractiveness;
11. Rational use of Natural Resources and ensuring environmental protection;
12. Development of modern systems of Public Administration;
13. Step-by-step diversification of public spending focused on network support;
14. Development of a system of Science, Education, Information and consulting services in agriculture;
15. Development of rural areas;
16. Development of a transparent system of network statistics.
The issue of increasing investments, presented in paragraph 3 of this strategy, is the main goal of this article in the analysis.
Investments-Funds (Investments), which have increased from production and are now aimed at expanding it, obtaining additional income, ensure the growth of the economy in volume, that is, the construction of new enterprises, the introduction of equipment, the creation of new jobs. On one side of this issue, on the other hand, investments are also considered as a solution to problems such as maintaining health, education, infrastructure improvements (for example, increasing rural lifestyle), drinking water and environmental protection, in addition to the economy [9].
When attracting foreign investment in agriculture, one should pay attention
to:
- development of investment infrastructure in rural areas
- develop the activities of automobile and railways, uninterrupted electricity, gas and water supply, quality communication service, banks, insurance companies and others, and effectively establish their participation in the implementation of investment projects;
- the formation of business skills of entrepreneurs operating in agriculture, including experience in working with investment projects and improving their legal knowledge
- organization and development of consulting, marketing and legal services centers in the regions [8].
- focus on the qualitative development of the feasibility of investment proposals and projects in agriculture
- organization and constant supervision by local authorities of practical assistance to entrepreneurs by commercial banks, Chamber of Commerce and industry in regions, etc. in the development of investment projects;
- Organization of providing foreign investors with the correct detailed information on the Agriculture of our country
- provide foreign investors with full-fledged information (database of investment projects and business proposals, various budgets, regional press publications, information on raw materials and labor potential, as well as created opportunities), organize a special web portal, as well as hold conferences, seminars and presentations on investment activities on the territory of the Republic and in foreign countries.
It is advisable to spend the investment funds that are being formed from all sources in agriculture on the following [3, 45-47]:
* to perform a complex of activities that ensure the increase in the productivity of the land used;
* complex appropriation of new lands;
* development of Science and effective technologies in the network;
■ construction of irrigation, reclamation facilities, repair in order to ensure the suitability of existing ones for work;
* to introduce modern, economical methods of irrigation;
* to buy new, efficient tractors, cars, combines and repair existing ones;
■ construction of production buildings and structures, repair of existing
ones;
■ to create perennials, Gardens;
■ demand level of productive livestock; " to provide the network with all means of production, to ensure comprehensive mechanization, chemization and electrification of production;
* to improve the knowledge, skills of labor resources;
■ development of social spheres and so on [6, 83-84].
In all directions, it is necessary to ensure that the investment spent on agriculture is directed towards the goal. Then gross investment becomes net investment. That is, the production resources that can be used will increase. As a result of their rational, effective use, the gross product, gross and net income of agriculture increases. This ensures an increase in the economic efficiency of investments.
Investments in fixed capital in the Republic of Karakalpakstan as of January-March 2023 can be seen in the section of districts from the following diagram [2]:
Diagram 1
Republic of Karakalpakstan
■ Nukusc. ■Amudaryo BBeruniy ■ Bo'zatov BKarauzak I Kegeyli BKungrad BKanlikul
As can be seen in the diagram, a large part of the allocated investment is allocated to the Karauzak district, and a small part to the city of Nukus. Kanlikul and Bozatov districts are next with 20% and 13% respectively. The districts of Kungrad and Kegeyli are allocated a uniform 9% investment. The areas with the least investment allocation include the districts of Bozatov 7% and Beruniy 8%.
Diagram 2
Repubic of Karakalpakstan
■ Muynak
■ Nukus r.
■ Takhiyatash
■ Takhtakupir
■ Tortkul
■ Khodjeyli
■ Chimbay
■ Shumanay
■ Ellikqala
As can be seen in this diagram, the most heavily invested area includes Elikkqala 16%, Khodjeyli 15%, Tortkul 14% and Takhtakupir 13% in the next places, investment low-allocated areas include Shumanay 5%, Takhiyatash 7% and Nukus 9%.
These allocated investments in the Republic of Karakalpakstan were carried out in order to develop agricultural fields, livestock, farming, fishing, beekeeping, as well as to introduce and modernize modern agrotechnologies to agriculture. And this in turn plays an important role in increasing the productivity of agricultural products, creating new varieties and supplying finished products to the people.
Conclusion. In agriculture, the amount spent on production funds is called investment. Investments are being attracted to provide agriculture with production resources at the level of demand, to reproduce them. Thanks to investments, the development of Science and technology in the network is gaining momentum, the process of using its achievements is being developed and advanced technologies are being introduced. Investments are made at the expense of the enterprises themselves, as well as foreign funds. In the years of independence, the amount of funds involved in agriculture is increasing. In order to determine the absolute and comparative effectiveness of the use of investments by Network, enterprise and directions, it is necessary to use a system of certain indicators. The amount of investments involved in agriculture, the economic efficiency of which is not at the level of available opportunities. In order to increase the economic efficiency of attracting and using investments at the level of demand in the future, it is necessary to expand the sources of investments: to achieve, develop the necessary
infrastructure in attracting investments, to attract foreign investments, to achieve the targeted, effective use of investments.
References:
1. O'zbekiston Respublikasi Prezidentining Farmoni, 23.10.2019 yildagi PF-5853-son
2. www.qrstat.uz/Qoraqalpog'iston Respublikasi statistika boshqarmasi
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9. Qunduzova Q. Dehqon xo'jaliklarida yerdan foydalanish samaradorligini oshirish imkoniyatlari. // « 0'zbekiston iqtisodiy axborotnomasi», 2003. -№3
10. Yo'ldoshev Z. Bozor iqtisodiyoti sharoitida qishloq xo'jaligini ustuvor rivojlantirish. -T.: «Mehnat», 1996
