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THE ROLE OF ETHNO-PEDAGOGY IN PATRIOTIC EDUCATION OF THE FUTURE TEACHER R. K. Toleubekova
In modern conditions, when new problems of a socio-political, economic and cultural-ideological nature increasingly come on to the agenda, the development and subsequent realization of scientifically founded principles of the Kazakhstan model of patriotism applied to contemporary tasks become extremely relevant.
Problems of patriotic education of the future teacher can be solved by using mechanisms of influencing the personality of the student by using national traditions in the process of studying a course of ethno-pedagogy, which is justified by the fact that national traditions enable the restoration of the historical memory of the people, and the involvement of people in the material and spiritual culture of their homeland. Patriotism in an atmosphere of sovereignty and independence takes on a fundamentally new content, and is the component of a new ideology, which replaces the ideology of a totalitarian system. The leading representatives of the Kazakh people - Tole bi, Kazybek bi, Aiteke bi and others, thanks to their patriotism in the fight with the Dzungar invasion, were able to preserve the independence and freedom of the Kazakhs. The Kazakh people have a strongly developed feeling of patriotism, and this mentality has carried the people through the ages. Proof of this is the patriotic ideas of Kazakh thinkers - Ch. Valikhanov, Y. Altynsarin, A. Kunanbaev, M. Auezov and others. Abai believed that the Kazakhs should have their own national pride. His thoughts in the "21st word” of edification are full of ideas of patriotism and democracy. The wisdom of the national teacher, as a historically tested experience, should become the foundation of modern education and instruction system. The experience of national education among all ethnic groups, nations and people is very rich. As an analysis of the traditional culture of education showed, this experience is characterized by almost identical demands for qualities of forming the personality of the future teacher in the process of studying ethno-pedagogy. The acts and activity of people are restricted by certain prohibitions, which make it possible to preserve and development human society, and its mutual relation with the surrounding environment. In national education, certain groups of prohibitions are used. The following prohibitions are common for all nations and peoples: "do not kill”, "do not steal” etc. The leading commandment in this system is educating a patriot to become the bearer of
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the traditions and hopes of his people. Therefore, ethno-pedagogy is a component of human culture that is directed towards educating youth.
Without a knowledge of languages and the traditions of other people, a culture of inter-ethnic communication remains at a low level. Knowledge of the achievements of mankind in the sphere of science, art, technology and historical experience of other nations enriches the intellectual and spiritual world of each person. As Magzhan Zhumabaev noted, a person should love and respect his people, and furthermore he should also love and know other peoples; in this we see the role of ethno-pedagogy in the formation of the personality of the future teacher in the study process. Humanitarian principles, principles of nationhood and democracy, love for one’s country and native lands, were also stressed in their views on education by the Russian pedagogue K.D. Ushinsky and the Kazakh enlightener Ibrai Altynsarin. Patriotism is a complex system of views and ideas connected with a positive attitude to the homeland, labor, the military and other traditions of national communities, directed towards the development and defense of the homeland. And thus, in the process of studying ethno-pedagogy, as one of the disciplines for forming the personality, the main values are: the personality of the person himself and his way of life; the traditions and lifestyle of other ethnic groups living in the Republic of Kazakhstan; the inseparability and integrity of the territory of the Republic of Kazakhstan, the values of the economic and spiritual life of its citizens; respect for the customs and traditions of peoples living in the republic.
Thus, the importance of using ethno-pedagogy in the study and education process of the university is unquestionable. It is a powerful means in the formation and education of students on the example of introducing them to common human values, in preparing a dialogue of culture, and in the patriotic education of the future teacher.
References
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