CC BY
0Ilmiy-nazariyvametodikjurnal Научно-теоретический и методический журнал Scientific theoretical and methodical journal
INTER EDUCATION & GLOBAL STUDY
Original paper
THE PSYCHOLOGICAL CHARACTERISTICS OF STUDENTS' INDEPENDENT THINKING
© D.Z. Tursunova1H_
Jizzakh State Pedagogical University, Jizzakh, Uzbekistan
Annotation
INTRODUCTION: the article analyzes the psychological aspects of the formation of independent thinking among students, as well as the role of national values and the contribution of encyclopedic scientists in the educational process. The relevance of using approaches that promote the development of thinking in the context of modern reforms is considered.
AIM: the main objective of the study is to identify key factors contributing to the development of independent and creative thinking in students and to demonstrate the importance of using national values and cultural heritage in education.
MATERIALS AND METHODS: the study involved analyzing scientific and literary works, including the writings of scholars such as Abu Nasr Farabi, Ibn Sina, and Alisher Navoi. Comparative-analytical and historical-cultural methods were applied in the research.
DISCUSSION AND RESULTS: the results demonstrated that integrating national values into the educational process fosters students' abilities for independent analysis, critical thinking, and creative problem-solving. The analysis of Farabi's and other prominent scholars' works confirmed that thinking develops through interaction with the environment and active engagement with the learned material.
CONCLUSION: the study results confirmed that approaches based on national values, historical, and cultural experiences are essential for fostering independent thinking among students. These methods contribute to the development of well-rounded individuals capable of adapting to modern challenges.
Keywords: psychology, education, thinking, national values, independent thinking, creative thinking, ideologies.
For citation: Dilbar Z. Tursunova. (2024) 'The psychological characteristics of students' independent thinking'. // Inter education & global study (10(1)), pp.513-517. (In Eng)
ПСИХОЛОГИЧЕСКИЕ ОСОБЕННОСТИ САМОСТОЯТЕЛЬНОГО МЫШЛЕНИЯ СТУДЕНТОВ_
© Д.З. Турсунова1И
1Джизакский государственный педагогический университет, Джизак, Узбекистан
©intereduglobalstudy.com
2024, ISSUE 10(1)
Ilmiy-nazariyvametodikjurnal Научно-теоретический и методический журнал Scientific theoretical and methodical journal
INTER EDUCATION & GLOBAL STUDY
Аннотация
ВВЕДЕНИЕ: в статье анализируются психологические аспекты формирования независимого мышления у студентов, а также роль национальных ценностей и вклада энциклопедических учёных в образовательном процессе. Рассматривается актуальность использования подходов, способствующих развитию мышления в условиях современных реформ.
ЦЕЛЬ: основная цель исследования — выявить основные факторы, способствующие развитию независимого и творческого мышления у студентов, и показать значимость использования национальных ценностей и культурного наследия в образовательном процессе.
МАТЕРИАЛЫ И МЕТОДЫ: в исследовании проведён анализ научных трудов и литературных источников, включая произведения таких учёных, как Абу Наср Фараби, Ибн Сина, а также национальную литературу. Использованы сравнительно-аналитические и историко-культурные методы исследования.
ОБСУЖДЕНИЕ И РЕЗУЛЬТАТЫ: результаты показали, что включение национальных ценностей в образовательный процесс способствует формированию у студентов способности к независимому анализу, критическому восприятию информации и творческому решению задач. Анализ работ Фараби и других выдающихся учёных подтвердил, что мышление развивается в процессе взаимодействия с окружающей средой и через активное обсуждение прочитанного материала.
ЗАКЛЮЧЕНИЕ: результаты исследования подтверждают, что для формирования независимого мышления студентов необходимо использовать подходы, основанные на национальных ценностях, историческом и культурном опыте. Это способствует воспитанию гармонично развитой личности, способной адаптироваться к вызовам современного мира.
Ключевые слова: психология, образование, мышление, национальные ценности, независимое мышление, творческое мышление, идеологии.
TALABALARNING MUSTAQIL FIKRLASHINING PSIXOLOGIK XUSUSIYATLARI
© D.Z. Tursunova1®
1 Jizzax davlat pedagogika universiteti, Jizzax, Uzbekistan_
Annotatsiya
KIRISH: maqolada talabalar o'rtasida mustaqil fikrlashni shakllantirishning psixologik jihatlari, shuningdek, milliy qadriyatlar va entsiklopedik olimlarning ta'lim jarayonidagi hissalari tahlil qilinadi. Zamonaviy islohotlar sharoitida fikrlashni
Для цитирования: Турсунова Д.З. Психологические особенности самостоятельного мышления студентов. // Inter education & global study. 2024.
№8. С.513-517.
Ilmiy-nazariyvametodikjurnal Научно-теоретический и методический журнал Scientific theoretical and methodical journal
INTER EDUCATION & GLOBAL STUDY
rivojlantirishga yordam beradigan yondashuvlardan foydalanishning dolzarbligi ko'rib chiqiladi.
MAQSAD: tadqiqotning asosiy maqsadi - talabalar mustaqil va ijodiy fikrlash qobiliyatini shakllantirishda ta'lim jarayonining milliy qadriyatlarga asoslangan yondashuvlarini o'rganish va samaradorlikni oshirishdir.
MATERIALLAR VA METODLAR: tadqiqot davomida mustaqil fikrlashni rivojlantirishga doir psixologik va pedagogik adabiyotlar tahlil qilindi, shuningdek, Abu Nasr Forobiy, Ibn Sino, Alisher Navoiy kabi buyuk mutafakkirlarning asarlari o'rganildi.
MUHOKAMA VA NATIJALAR: natijalar ko'rsatadiki, milliy qadriyatlar va madaniy merosga asoslangan ta'lim jarayoni talabalarning mustaqil fikrlash qobiliyatini rivojlantirishda katta samara beradi. "Milliy dastur"ning talablariga mos holda erkin fikrlaydigan shaxslar tarbiyalanmoqda.
XULOSA: tadqiqot natijalari shuni ko'rsatadiki, talabalar mustaqil fikrlash qobiliyatini rivojlantirish uchun ta'lim jarayonida ijodkorlikka asoslangan yondashuvlardan foydalanish ijobiy natijalar beradi.
Kalit so'zlar: psixologiya, ta'lim, fikr, milliy qadriyat, mustaqil fikrlash, ijodiy fikrlash, mafkuralar.
Iqtibos uchun: Tursunova D.Z. Talabalar mustaqil fikrlashining psixologik xususiyatlari. // Inter education & global study. 2024. №10(1). B.513-517.
Because only people who have a personal worldview will be able to achieve success that ensures the development of society. One of the main factors of the policy carried out in our republic is the development and upbringing of talented individuals with deep thinking, independent outlook. After all, the psychology of being dependent on the opinion of others and following different foreign ideologies will undoubtedly lead to the decline of the morale of the society. Renewal in education is not only about giving new knowledge to students, but also about changing the system of attitude towards society, state, nature and work. As stated in the "National Program of Personnel Training" and the Law "On Education" of the Republic of Uzbekistan, it is necessary to educate a person to think freely and independently in a democratic society. Development of the ability to think is a product-high result of the process of thinking as a way of perceiving existence and reality. It is related to activity and is formed in the course of independent work. The existence of things and events is related. Realization, proof, explanation, and thought formation are the gradual stages of understanding that if the relationship is broken, there will also be a change in existence. Thinking is a life-giving force. That is, a person is alive through independent thinking. Without thinking, a person becomes a dead body, unable to create and grow.
Regarding the incomparable breadth of human thinking, the "Holy Qur'an" and "Avesta" were interpreted on a religious basis, while the encyclopedic scholars such as Abu Nasr Farabi, Ibn Sina, Beruni, Abdullah Awlani, who lived and worked in the Middle Ages, interpreted in a scientific and artistic way. Those who did. The scientific style
©intereduglobalstudy.com 2024, ISSUE 10(1)
Ilmiy-nazariyvametodikjurnal Научно-теоретический и методический журнал Scientific theoretical and methodical journal
INTER EDUCATION & GLOBAL STUDY
prevails in the works of recent scientists. In order to take a deeper look at the root of the problem, first of all, it is necessary to dwell on the dictionary meaning of the words "independent" and "independence". In the "Annotated Dictionary of the Uzbek Language" the word "independent" means "one who has his own free will, is not subject, not dependent". Accordingly, independent thought can be said to be a product of consciousness that is not subordinated to anyone, not dependent on any extraneous thoughts or opinions of others.The fact that independent observation is an important factor in human life and activities can also be found in Razi Abu Bakr Muhammad ibn Zakari's "Kitab tib ar-Ruhani". He writes about the ability to think independently and its vital importance: "The ability not only to read, but also to be able to discuss what he has read, and to be able to apply what he has read in some cases, makes a doctor a doctor." According to Farabi, a person's body, brain, sensory organs are present at birth, but his mental knowledge, spirituality, soul, intellectual and moral qualities, character, traditions, and education are created in the external environment and communication with others. A person's mind and thoughts are the most mature product of spiritual growth. Based on this, students share the books they have read, their opinions, and the opinions they have heard from adults, and in this process, their level of thinking is formed.
If a person uses his senses with the help of thinking and drawing conclusions, he can make great progress in learning what is perceived with the help of these senses. Desires are achieved through hard work." According to the scientist, only the information that is heard, seen or received through the senses is not perceived as such, but is passed through the mind and appropriate conclusions are drawn, then only this knowledge will be real and solid. In the works of Alisher Navoi, the Sultan of Ghazal, an enlightened statesman, special importance is attached to the importance of human thinking in having one's own opinion, worldview, acquiring knowledge and being able to apply the acquired knowledge in life. In the work "Mahbub-ul-Qulub", the poet compares a person who cannot independently observe after acquiring knowledge to a "donkey with a book on top" and calls him "ignorant". Enlightenment scientist Abdulla Avloni in his work "Turkish Gulistan or Ethics" gives special importance to mental education as well as physical education. He said that education of thought "needs second only to the help of a teacher" and is important in human life. The last decade of the 20th century was a period of fundamental changes in the social life and consciousness of the Uzbek people. In a short period of time, there have been serious qualitative changes in the nation's way of understanding, perceiving and explaining the world and reality. This shows that the Uzbek people have returned to their identity, and that the nation's thinking has become healthy. These positive changes were also reflected in our national pedagogy. Now, the goal of our national pedagogy is focused on the education of a well-rounded individual, unlike the pedagogy of the authoritarian regime, whose main purpose is to impart knowledge and train specialists.
Teaching students to develop their thinking ability is of particular importance in the current era, when radical changes are taking place in the life of society. Because in our
©intereduglobalstudy.com 2024, ISSUE 10(1)
Ilmiy-nazariyvametodikjurnal Научно-теоретический и методический журнал Scientific theoretical and methodical journal
INTER EDUCATION & GLOBAL STUDY
country there is a greater need than ever for high-confidence, independent-minded, enterprising, highly qualified specialists. The role of educational subjects in forming the personal qualities of students is incomparably great. In this regard, mother tongue education has a great responsibility. Having the ability to develop students' thinking ability has a positive effect on their learning skills and abilities. Accordingly, teaching students to think independently is fully compatible with the requirement of humanizing the educational process defined in the "National Personnel Training Program". The theoretical analysis of the literature devoted to the formation of students' cognitive activity and the views of pedagogic scientists show that there is currently no consensus in understanding the essence of students' independent thinking activity.
Conclusion: In short, self-employment is a description of the activity in terms of the amount of support or lack of support for the work being performed. But any independent activity of students is definitely organized by the teacher; conditions are created, instructions are given. Students' independent activities can be of different levels of creativity. During the research on the scientific-methodical foundations of teaching students to develop their thinking ability, we came to the conclusion that individual and typical characteristics of students are embodied in their thinking activity.
ADABIYOTLAR RO'YXATI | СПИСОК ЛИТЕРАТУРЫ | REFERENCES
1. O'zbekiston Respublikasi Vazirlar Mahkamasining "Xalq ta'limi tizimida ta'lim sifatini baholash sohasidagi xalqaro tadqiqotlarni tashkil etish chora-tadbirlari to'g'risida" qarori. Toshkent sh., 2018-yil 8-dekabr, 997-son.
2. Azimov E.G., Shchukin A. N. Uslubiy atamalar lug'ati. - Sankt-Peterburg: Zlatoust, 1999. - 472 p.
3. Aidarova L.I. -Kichik yoshdagi maktab o'quvchilariga rus tilini o'rgatishning psixologik muammolari. - M.: Pedagogika, 1978. - 144 b.
4. 3-5 sinf o'quvchilari uchun tuzatish va rivojlantirish mashqlari.-Obninsk, 1993.
5. Akishina A. A. Rus tili darslarida o'yinlar. - M .: Rus. yoz., 1988. - 97 b.
6. Akopyan A. A. Grammatikani o'rgatish va talabalarning mantiqiy tafakkurini rivojlantirish: Dissertatsiyaning avtoreferati. dis. ... qand. ped. Fanlar: 13.00.02. -Yerevan, 1965. - 27 b.
7. Alekseev M.N. Mantiq va pedagogika. - M.: Bilim, 1965. - 32 b.
8. Alekseev M.N. Pedagogik mantiq bo'yicha. //Sovet pedagogikasi. - 1961 .-№1.
AUTHORS INFO [ИНФОРМАЦИЯ ОБ АВТОРЕ] [MUALLIF HAQIDA MA'LUMOT]
^Tursunova Dilbar Zafarovna, teacher [Турсунова Дилбар Зафаровна,
преподаватель], [Tursunova Dilbar Zafarovna, o'qituvchi]; address: Jizzakh region, Jizzakh Sh., Rashidova Street, 4, 130-100, [адрес: Джизакская область, г. Джизак, Ул. Рашидова, 4, 130100], [manzil: Jizzax viloyati, Jizzax Sh., Rashidova ko'chasi, 4, 130100].
©intereduglobalstudy.com 2024, ISSUE 10(1)
